SU1091973A1 - Method of forging large ingots - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in forging on hydraulic presses.

There is a known method of forging ingots, mainly with an extended axis, which includes forging a trunnion from the bottom part of the ingot, bilpetizing, drawing the finished workpiece with a reduction value increasing to the profitable part of the ingot, sludge and forging the final dimensions {,

However, this method is practiced by insufficient development of the metal in the axial zone of the ingot, which does not allow to completely weld the defects of shrinkage origin in the subprime area of the ingot and to crush nonmetallic inclusions.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved effect is the method of forging large ingots, including billetting, the formation of a pastry billet with a warmed side surface and its draft 2},

However, this method of forging large ingots requires a high labor intensity Forging because of the need to change the usual strikers to strikers with large rounding radii for the end faces And working surfaces (for forging ingots weighing 30 tons, strikers with a rounding radius of 80 mm are replaced by Eot on strikers with a rounding radius 250,300 mm). This leads to the need for additional heating of the workpiece. Forging by conventional strikers leads to surface defects in the zone of formation of a bent surface, moreover, the formation of a concave Surface of a semifinished product by a spout requires the use of automated forging complexes that allow to obtain a surface of a given shape.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the labor intensity of forging by reducing machining transitions.

Said object is achieved, Ito according to the method of forging of large t.JHTKOB, comprising bnlletirovanie intermediate preform Formation bent side surface and - "5 pellet, ingot poslebn.petirovani HuVU-teprajoT pulldown compression, in uveliChIPayuschims napravdenii profitable part of the ingot, the formation of intermediate 3 blanks with a concave side surface are carried out by distillation of the section adjacent to the end of the profitable part and constituting 0.2-0.5 of the length of the ingot.

FIG. 1 shows an ingot; Figure 2 is the same after billetizing with a cut-off profitable part; in fig. 3 - the billet after stretching the bonded ingot with a reduction value increasing to the lower part of the ingot; Fig, 4, the position of the workpiece before the distillation on the left after the distillation, on the right; in fig. 5 - stocking up to draft; - on the left, stocking up to the right, upset.

The method is carried out as follows.

From the bottom part of the ingot 1 heated to the forging temperature, the pin 2 is forged under the grip. Holding the ingot by pin 2, the remaining part 3 is billetted and the profitable part of the ingot is removed (Figures 1 and 2). The rolled part 3 of the ingot is drawn with a varying degree of reduction in length with its maximum value on the profitable side of the ingot to obtain a billet in the form of a truncated cone 4 (Fig. 3 The draft of the obtained billet is produced in the lining plate 5 with a hole under the trunnion. Before draft the upper part of the ingot is dispersed by the sedimentary plate 6 by moving the press table together with the backing plate and the workpiece relative to the top plate. As a result of the distillation, a continuous-workpiece 7 with concave The touch surface, which is hereinafter the same sedimentary osgshnvayut) pitoy 6 to 8 for preparing osazhennogo unit (4, 5).

The distillation of one of the ends of the billet is carried out over a length of 0.2-0.5 ingot length. When one of the ends is thinned over a length of less than 0.2 the length of the ingot, a semi-finished product with a concave side surface displaced to the ingot end is obtained, which does not provide elaboration and creation of additional radial compressive stresses causing welding of all shrinkage defects in the subprofitable area of the ingot. In this case, during the precipitation of such a semifinished product, some of the defects remain behind the premaxes of the deformation zone due to the influence of the concave surface of the semifinished product.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR FORGING LARGE INGOTS, including billeting, forming an intermediate workpiece with a concave side surface and its upset, characterized in that, in order to reduce the complexity of the process by reducing the number of processing transitions, after billing, the ingot is subjected to pulling by compression, increasing in the direction of the profitable part the ingot, and the formation of the intermediate workpiece with a concave lateral surface is carried out by distillation of the area adjacent to the end side of the profitable part and comprising 0.2-0.5 of the length of the ingot . О © | ω | g о с © ζ © м СО