SU990795A1

SU990795A1 - Device for automatically controlling hydropurification unit of catalytic reforming apparatus

Info

Publication number: SU990795A1
Application number: SU813315443A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виталий Васильевич Ажогин; Александр Михайлович Демченко; Виктор Демидович Романенко; Богдан Иванович Ковальский; Павел Павлович Коптев; Борис Филиппович Карпяк; Владимир Александрович Моргун
Original assignee: Киевский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.50-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции
Priority date: 1981-07-16
Filing date: 1981-07-16
Publication date: 1983-01-23

Description

Изобретение относится к системам автоматического регулирования многостадийными химическими процессами, в частности к устройству для автоматического управления блоком гидроочистки установки каталитического риформинга, и может быть использовано в нефтехимической промышленности.The invention relates to automatic control systems for multi-stage chemical processes, in particular to a device for automatically controlling a hydrotreating unit of a catalytic reforming unit, and can be used in the petrochemical industry.

Известно устройство для автомати- ^t0ческого управления блоком гидроочистки установки каталитического риформинга, содержащее регулятор расхода сырья, связанный входом с измери- ₁₅телем расхода сырья, а выходом - с клапаном, измеритель уровня в сепараторе, регулятор уровня в кубе колонны, соединенный своим входом с измерителем уровня, а выходом - ‘ 20 с клапаном питания в колонны’ измеритель давления в колонне, регулятор расхода гидрогенизата, подключенный входом к измерителю расхода гид2 рогенизата, а выходом - к клапану на линии гидрогенизата flj.A device for the automatic control unit ^t0 Cesky hydrotreating catalytic reformate feedstock comprising a flow regulator, connected with the input ₁₅ of the measuring Telem raw material consumption, and output - with a valve, the level meter in the separator, the level control in the bottom of the column, coupled with its input a level meter, and the output is '20 with a supply valve to the columns', a pressure meter in the column, a hydrogenate flow rate regulator connected to the valve on the hydrogenate line by the inlet to the hydrogenate flow meter, and the output flj.

Недостатком известного устройства является то, что здесь имеют место значительные температурные колебания в зоне реакции и вследствие этого повышенное закоксовывание дорогостоящего катализата, что приводит к уменьшению срока службы катализатора, т.е. к значительным экономическим потерям.A disadvantage of the known device is that there are significant temperature fluctuations in the reaction zone and, as a result, increased coking of expensive catalysis, which leads to a decrease in the service life of the catalyst, i.e. to significant economic losses.

Цель изобретения - увеличение срока службы катализатора на последующих стадиях риформинга за счет стабилизации расхода гидрогенизата.The purpose of the invention is to increase the life of the catalyst in the subsequent stages of reforming by stabilizing the flow of hydrogenate.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что устройство дополнительно содержит блок выработки задания на расход сырья и блок выработки задания на уровень в кубе колонны, при этом выход блока выработки задания на ' расход сырья подключен к камере задания регулятора расхода сырья, один из входов блока выработки зада ния на расход сырья связан с измерителем уровня в сепараторе, а другой - с выходом регулятора расхода гидрогенизата, подключенным к одному из входов блока выработки задания на уровень в кубе колонны, второй вход которого соединен с измерителем давления в колонне, а выход блока выработки задания на уровень в ку- ю бе колонны связан с камерой задания регулятора уровня в кубе колонны, выход которого соединен с клапаном на линии подачи питания в колонну.This goal is achieved by the fact that the device further comprises a block generating a task for the consumption of raw materials and a block generating a task for a level in the column cube, while the output of the block generating a task for the consumption of raw materials is connected to the camera of the task of the regulator for the consumption of raw materials, one of the inputs of the block generating the task the raw material consumption is connected with a level meter in the separator, and the other with the output of the hydrogenate consumption regulator connected to one of the inputs of the task generation unit at the level in the column cube, the second input of which is connected to the pressure gauge in the column, and the output of the unit generating the task to the level in the cube of the column is connected to the camera for setting the level controller in the cube of the column, the output of which is connected to the valve on the supply line to the column.

На фиг. 1 представлена функциональная схема предлагаемого устройства; на фиг. 2 - функциональная схема однотипных блоков выработки задания по расходу сырья и по уровню в кубе колонны.In FIG. 1 presents a functional diagram of the proposed device; in FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of the same type of blocks generating a task for the consumption of raw materials and the level in the cube of the column.

Устройство содержит реактор 1 гидроочистки, сепаратор 2, отпарную колонну 3, измеритель 4 расхода сырья, измеритель 5 уровня в сепараторе, измеритель 6 уровня в кубе колонны, измеритель 7 давления в колонне, измеритель 8 расхода гидрогенизата, выходы которых подсоединены ко входам регулятора 9 расхода сырья, блока 10 выработки задания по расходу сырья 10, регулятора 11 уровня в кубе колонны, блока 12 выработки задания на уровень в кубе колонны и регулятор 13 расхода гидрогенизата, соответственно. Выход регулятора 9 подсоединен ко входу регулирующего клапана 14, выход регулятора 11 подсоединен ко входу регулирующего клапана 15, выход регулятора 13 подсоединен ко входу регулирующего клапана 16. Выход регулятора 13 подсоединен также ко входам блоков 10 и 12. Ко второму входу блока 12 подсоединен выход измерителя 7 давления, а выход блока 12 подсоединен к задающему входу регулятора 11. .Ко второму входу блока 10 подсоединен выход измерителя 5, а выход блока 10 подсоединен к задающему входу регулятора 9.The device comprises a hydrotreating reactor 1, a separator 2, a stripping column 3, a raw material consumption meter 4, a separator 5 level meter, a column level meter 6, a column pressure meter 7, a hydrogenate meter 8, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the flow controller 9 raw materials, block 10 generation tasks for the consumption of raw materials 10, the regulator 11 level in the cube of the column, block 12 generation tasks on the level in the cube of the column and the regulator 13 flow of hydrogenate, respectively. The output of controller 9 is connected to the input of the control valve 14, the output of controller 11 is connected to the input of the control valve 15, the output of controller 13 is connected to the input of the control valve 16. The output of controller 13 is also connected to the inputs of blocks 10 and 12. The meter output is connected to the second input of block 12 7 pressure, and the output of block 12 is connected to the input of the regulator 11.. To the second input of block 10 is the output of the meter 5, and the output of 10 is connected to the input of the regulator 9.

или выход измерителя 5 в блоке 10. Выходы блоков 17 и 18 подсоединены ко входу сумматора 19, а выход которого подсоединен к задающему входу 5 регулятора 11 (для блока 12), либо к задающему входу регулятора 9 (для блока 10).'or the output of the meter 5 in block 10. The outputs of blocks 17 and 18 are connected to the input of the adder 19, and the output of which is connected to the input 5 of the regulator 11 (for block 12), or to the input of the regulator 9 (for block 10). '

Устройство работает следующим образом. Отклонение расхода гидрогенизата от заданного значения вследствие возмущений вызывает появление управляющего сигнала на выходе регулятора 13, который воздействует на регулирующий клапан 16. Одновремен15 но этот сигнал подается на входы блоков 10 и 12. Таким образом, осуществляется дополнительная стабилизация расхода гидрогенизата за счет изменения расхода сырья на блок 20 гидроочистки в зависимости от управляющего сигнала регулятора 13 и уровня в сепараторе 2, а также за счет изменения уровня в кубе колонны 3 в зависимости от управляющего 25 сигнала регулятора 13 и давления в колонне. Сепаратор и куб колонны служат в качестве буферных емкостей, так как по условиям управления технологическим процессом допускает30 ся колебание уровней в сепараторе и кубе колонны в определенных пределах.The device operates as follows. Deviation of the hydrogenate consumption from the set value due to disturbances causes the appearance of a control signal at the output of the regulator 13, which acts on the control valve 16. At the same time15, but this signal is applied to the inputs of blocks 10 and 12. Thus, the hydrogenate is additionally stabilized by changing the flow rate of the raw material by hydrotreating unit 20 depending on the control signal of the regulator 13 and the level in the separator 2, as well as by changing the level in the cube of the column 3 depending on the control 25 s drove the regulator 13 and the pressure in the column. The separator and the cube of the column serve as buffer tanks, since, according to the process control conditions, level fluctuations in the separator and the cube of the column are allowed within certain limits.

Блоки 10 и 12 предназначены для вы вычисления заданий на соответствую₃₅ щие регуляторы -по формуле с_о= а₀+^ х^+а_гх₂, (1) где а₀, а₍, а₂- коэффициенты, полученные экспериментальным путем;Blocks 10 and 12 are intended for calculating tasks for the corresponding ₃₅ controllers - according to the formula with _a = a ₀ + ^ x ^ + a _r x ₂ , (1) where a ₀ , a ₍ , and ₂ are the coefficients obtained experimentally ;

X, - управляющее воздействие ₄₀ регулятора 13;X, - control action _{40 of the} regulator 13;

Xjj, - сигнал, пропорциональный давлению в колонне (для блока 2), либо пропорциональный уровню в сепараторе (для блока 10).Xjj, is a signal proportional to the pressure in the column (for block 2), or proportional to the level in the separator (for block 10).

₄₅ В блоках 17 и 18 происходит умножение сигналов я* и х_а на коэффициенты а, и а₂ соответственно. В сумматоре 19 происходит сложение полученных слагаемых и коэффициента согласно формуле (1). ₄₅ In blocks 17 and 18 is multiplied signals I * and x _and for the coefficients a, and a _2, respectively. In the adder 19, the summation of the obtained terms and the coefficient according to the formula (1) occurs.

Блоки 10 и 12 (фиг. 2) однотипны. Каждый из них содержит блоки 17, 18 умноженйя на постоянный коэффициент и сумматор 19, причем как для блока 10 так и для блока 12. Ко входу блока 17 подсоединен выход регулятора 13, ко входу блока 18 подсоединен выход измерителя 7 в блоке 12Blocks 10 and 12 (Fig. 2) are of the same type. Each of them contains blocks 17, 18 multiplied by a constant coefficient and an adder 19, both for block 10 and block 12. The output of the regulator 13 is connected to the input of the block 17, and the output of the meter 7 in block 12 is connected to the input of the block 18

Результатом такого управления про цессом гидроочистки является возможность компенсации влияния возмущений в технологической цепочке ап55 паратов на расход готового продукта с блока гидроочистки, что позволяет достигнуть высокой точности ста билизации расхода готового продук5 990795 6 та.'Это, в свою очередь, обеспечивает наиболее благоприятный режим работы катализатора в реакторах риформинга .The result of this control of the hydrotreating process is the ability to compensate for the influence of disturbances in the technological chain of the apparatus 55 on the flow rate of the finished product from the hydrotreating unit, which allows to achieve high accuracy of stabilization of the flow rate of the finished product 5 990 795 6 ta. This, in turn, provides the most favorable operating mode catalyst in reforming reactors.

Claims

The invention relates to systems for the automatic regulation of multistage chemical processes, in particular, to a device for the automatic control of a hydrotreatment unit of a catalytic reforming unit, and can be used in the petrochemical industry. A device is known for automatically controlling a hydrotreating unit of a catalytic ri (| yrmina) containing a raw material flow controller associated with an input to a raw material flow meter, and an outlet with a valve, a level meter in sep. Rater, a level regulator in a column bottom, connected by its input with a level meter and output with a supply valve to the columns, a pressure gauge in the column, a hydrogenate consumption regulator connected by an input to a hydrogenation flow meter, and an output to a valve on the hydrogenation line He the advantage of the known device is that there are significant temperature fluctuations in the reaction zone and, consequently, increased coking of the expensive catalyzate, which leads to a decrease in the service life of the catalyst, i.e. a significant economic loss. catalyst at subsequent stages of reforming due to the stabilization of the consumption of hydrogenate. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device additionally contains a block for generating a task for the consumption of raw materials and specifying production unit at the level of bottom of the column, wherein the output generation unit specifying on. the consumption of raw materials is connected to the chamber of the task of regulating the consumption of raw materials. One of the inputs of the output generation unit to the raw material consumption is connected to a level meter in the separator, and the other to the output of the hydrogenation flow controller connected to one Ny of the inputs of the output generation unit on the level in a cube of the column, the second input is connected to a pressure meter in the column, and the output of the task generating unit on the level in the white column is connected to the chamber of the task of the level regulator in the cube of the column, the output of which is connected to the valve on the supply line to the column. FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed device I for; in fig. 2 - functional diagram of the same type of production units for the task of consumption of raw materials and the level in the cube of the column. The device contains a reactor 1 hydrotreatment, separator 2, a Stripping column 3 | meter C consumption of raw material meter 5 level in the separator, meter 6 level in the cube of the column, meter 7 pressure in the column meter 8 hydrogenation flow, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the regulator 9 consumption of the raw material, unit 10 development of the task for the consumption of raw material 10, regul the level 11 torus in the cube of the column; the task generation unit 12 on the level in the cube of the column; and the hydrogenated gas consumption regulator 13, respectively. The output of the regulator 9 is connected to the input of the regulating valve 14, the output of the regulator 11 is connected to the input of the regulating valve 15, the output of the regulator 13 is connected to the input of the regulating valve 16. The output of the regulator 13 is also connected to the inputs of the blocks 10 and 12. To the second input unit 12 is connected to the output of the pressure gauge 7 and the output of the block 12 is connected to the input of the regulator 11. To the second input of the block 10, the output of the meter 5 is connected and the output of the block 10 is connected to the master input of the regulator 9. Blocks 10 and 12 (Fig. 2) same type. Each of them contains blocks 17–18 multiplied by a constant coefficient and an adder 19, both for block 10 and block 12. To the input of block 17, the output of regulator 13 is connected, to the input of block 18, the output of meter 7 is connected in block 12 OR OUT meter 5 in block 10. The outputs of blocks 17 and 18 are connected to the input of the adder 19, and the output of which is connected to the master input of the regulator 11 (for block 12), or to the master input of the regulator 9 (for block 10). The device works in the following way. The deviation of the hydrogenated gas flow rate from the predetermined value due to disturbances causes the appearance of a control signal at the output of the regulator 13, which acts on the control valve 16. At the same time, this signal is fed to the inputs of blocks 10 and 12. Thus, the hydrogenated gas consumption is further stabilized due to the change the consumption of raw materials to the hydrotreating unit depending on the control signal of the regulator 13 and the level in the separator 2, as well as due to the change in the level in the cube of the column 3 depending on the control signal regulator 13 and column pressure. The separator and the cube of the column serve as buffer tanks, since, according to the process control conditions, the levels in the separator and the cube of the column are allowed to fluctuate within certain limits. Blocks 10 and 12 are designed to calculate the tasks for the corresponding regulators — by the formula with ao + a, x. + A, x ha..2 .. where ao, and ,, aj are the coefficients, obtained first experimentally; Xj is the controlling action of the regulator 13; Xjj, is a signal proportional to the pressure in the column (for block 2) or proportional to the level in the separator (for block 10). In blocks 17 and 18, the signals X. and x / are multiplied by the coefficients a and a.j, respectively. In the adder 19, the summation of the obtained terms and the coefficient according to formula (1) takes place. The result of such control of the Hydrotreating process is the possibility of compensating the influence of disturbances in the technological chain of the apparatuses on the consumption of the finished product from the Hydrotreating unit, which allows achieving a high accuracy of stabilizing the consumption of the finished product. This, in turn, provides the most favorable mode of operation of the catalyst in the reforming reactors. Apparatus of the Invention A device for automatic control of a catalytic reforming unit by a hydraulic unit comprising a raw material consumption regulator connected to an input to a raw material meter and an outlet to a valve, a level meter in a column connected to an input with a meter level and output with a column supply valve, a pressure meter in the column, a hydrogenate consumption regulator connected by its input to a meter of hydrogenation consumption, and an outlet to a valve on the line hydrogen supply bated, distinguishing with the fact that, in order to increase lifetime of the catalyst in subsequent steps reformer due to stabilization of hydrogenation rate. it additionally contains a task generation unit for raw material consumption and a task generation unit at the cube of the column, while the output of the task generation unit for the consumption meter is connected to the task chamber of the raw material flow controller, one of the inputs of the task generation unit for raw material consumption and a level meter in the separator, and the other with the output of the hydrogenated gas flow rate regulator connected to one of the inputs of the task generation unit to the level in the column cube, the second input of which is connected to the pressure gauge in the co-. lonn, and the output of the task generating unit on the level in the cube of the column. The chamber is connected to the chamber of the task of the level regulator in the cube of the column, the output of which is connected to the valve on the line. feeding in the column. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Technological. Regulations of the installation L-35 / 1YOOO Refinery software Angarsknefshema number 5-8 / Y-10, theorgsintez 1977.

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