SU985722A1 - Method and device for rolling quality diagnostics - Google Patents

Description

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION TO COPYRIGHT CERTIFICATE (..> 985722 (61) Additional to author Good woo - I (22) 3Approved 10/09/80 (21) 2991483 / 25-27- (51) M. Kl! with the attachment of application No. - G 01 M 13/04 (State Committee (23) Priority - USSR for inventions Published 12/30/08. Bulletin No. 48 (53) UD K 658.562. and discoveries Date of publication of the description 12.30.82 .012.7 (088.8)

(72) The inventors

A. M. Zaznobin, C; V. Polovnikov, I. D. Bukhtiyarov, E. Ya. Yarovinsky and F. F. Sapozhnikov (71) Applicant

Special experimental design-engineering ^ -technological. Bureau of the Siberian Branch of the All-Union Order / Lenin-Academy of Agricultural Sciences. V. And, Legat '- ^Α: ί Άί · -.ΐ · # ·· ,.

(54) METHOD FOR VIBRATION DIAGNOSTICS OF QUALITY OF ROLLING BEARINGS AND DEVICE

FOR

ITS IMPLEMENTATION

The invention relates to the bearing industry and can be mainly used for the diagnosis of rolling bearings.

A known method of vibration diagnostics of rolling bearings, which consists in rotating the loaded test bearing, supplying a sound pulse of ultrasonic energy to its stationary ring, obtain information about the operating condition of the bearing in the form of ultrasonic vibrations and indicate the measurement result (T).

However, this method has low accuracy and low reliability of the diagnosis of bearing quality.

There is also known a device for implementing the method, comprising a drive shaft for mounting the bearing being tested, a position sensor and a start pulse shaper, a sound generator and a converter, a switch and an information display unit, as well as an amplifier whose first output is connected to the second input of the converter ( 1}.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy and reliability of quality diagnostics for carpenters by taking into account the geometric characteristics of the working surfaces of its parts.

The goal · is achieved due to the fact that in the method of vibration diagnostics of ₁₀ honestly rolling bearings, namely, that the loaded test bearing is rotated, a probing pulse of ultrasonic energy is supplied to its stationary ring, the characteristic _{15 of the} operating state of the bearing is converted into the corresponding law of ultrasonic oscillations, before applying a probe pulse, measure and convert the bearing speed to the pulse repetition rate of the corner marks, generate with each pulse som angular accurate probe ultrasonic pulse in the radial direction to the fixed ring, measure the transit time of the ultrasound pulse from the measuring point 985722 to the point of contact of the rolling elements with the raceways of the rings and vice versa, form the strobe pulses, the beginning and duration of which correspond to the results of this measurement, highlight using gating pulses reflected ultrasonic signal, which carries information about the contact density of the rolling body with the tracks • rolling rings, detect the gated reflection enny ultrasonic signal, allocate the minimum of the reflected signal, the impulse for each of these minima accumulate minima of the reflected signal in the coordinates of the movable ring and to the separator coordinates measured ^amplitude: minimum values of the reflected signal, and the obtained results and their temporal change, comparing them with reference values, evaluate the quality of the bearing.

A device for vibrational diagnostics of the quality of rolling bearings containing a drive shaft for installing the test bearing, serially connected position sensors and a start pulse shaper, an acoustic oscillation generator and a converter, a switch and an information display unit, as well as an amplifier, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the converter connected in series with a key, a detector, a low-pass filter, a shaper, as well as a peak detector, a comparison unit, a sum analyzer, amplitude meter, control unit.

The output of the low-pass filter is connected to the input of the peak detector and the first inputs of the summing analyzer and amplitude meter, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the control unit, and the outputs are connected to the first and second inputs of the switch, the third input of which is connected to the third output of the control unit, the output of the trigger pulse shaper is connected to the first input of the control unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the shaper and the comparison unit, the first turn is connected to the output of the peak detector and the second input of the block · comparison connected to the input of the generator of ultrasonic vibrations, the second output of the amplifier is connected to the first input key, a second input coupled to a sixth output of the control unit.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device for vibration diagnostics of the quality of rolling bearings; in FIG. 2 and 3 are timing diagrams of the operation of the device.

The device comprises a shaft 1 for installing the test bearing with a drive 2, a position sensor 3, the output of which is connected * to the driver 4 of the start pulses, an ultrasonic vibration generator 5 connected to a transducer 6 of electrical ultrasonic vibrations into mechanical and mechanical ultrasonic vibrations into electrical, serially connected amplifier 7, key 8, detector 9, low-pass filter 10, driver And pulses of the frequency of passage of the rolling elements, as well as a peak detector 12, summing the analyzer 13 Amplifier 14, control unit 15, comparison unit 16, series-connected switch 17 and display unit 18. The output of the low-pass filter 10 is connected to the input of the peak detector 12 and the first inputs of the summing analyzer 13 and the amplitude meter 14, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the control unit 15, and the outputs are connected to the first and second inputs of the switch 17, the third input of which connected to the third output of the control unit 15, the output of the driver 4 of the start pulses is connected to the first input of the control unit 15, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the driver 11 and the comparison unit 16, the first input of which is connected to the output of the peak detector 12, the second input of the comparison unit 16 is connected to the fourth output of the control unit 15, the fifth output of which is connected to the input of the ultrasonic oscillation generator 5, while the output of the transducer 6 is connected to the input of the amplifier 7, and the second input of the key 8 is connected to the sixth output of the control unit 15.

The method is as follows.

Shaft 1 with the bearing being studied is driven by means of drive 2. If there is a pulse at the input of the control unit 15 from the output of the start pulse shaper 4, a signal starts up at the output of the control unit, which starts the ultrasonic oscillation generator 5 and, through the ultrasonic vibration transducer 6, causes an ultrasonic pulse oscillations in the radial direction, which is reflected from all inhomogeneities of the acoustic impedance along the propagation path. In this case, the signal is also reflected from the contact point of the rolling body with the working surface of the bearing rings. The amplitude of the reflected signal depends on the contact density of the rolling body with the bearing rings, i.e. from the geometric quality of the rolling surfaces. After

985722 6 of detection and low-pass filtering, the signal from the output of the low-pass filter 10 is fed to the input of the peak detector 12, the first inputs of the summing analyzer 13 and the amplitude meter 14 and to the input: 5 pulse shaper 11. The sensor 3 converts the rotational speed of the shaft 1 to a higher frequency, and when the bearing rotates, for each rolling element located in the zone of propagation of ultrasonic vibrations, ¹⁰ pulses of ultrasound are transmitted. In this case, the minimum amplitude of the signal reflected from the rolling body corresponds to the presence of the rolling body, and the maximum to the absence of the rolling body in the ultrasonic emission zone. ^,5

At the beat of each minimum, the shaper · 11 pulses of the passage frequency of the rolling elements generates a pulse arriving at the second input of the control unit 15, and at the beat of each maximum of the signal amplitude - 20, an enable command appears at the output of the control unit 15, under which a signal is generated at the output of the comparison unit to calibrate the entire measuring path in accordance with the result of the comparison with the previous level value at the output of the peak detector 12.

The reflected pulses passing through the detector 9 and the low-pass filter 10 are fed to the first input of the summing analyzer 13, in which the minimum values of the reflected signal are accumulated in the coordinates of the movable ring or separator by means of pulses supplied to the second input. summing analyzer ₅ from the output of control unit 15. According to the information received determine the quality of the bearing.

The invention improves the quality and _<0 reliability of the control of rolling bearings.

Claims (2)

The gating pulses, the beginning and duration of which correspond to the results of this measurement, are formed by gating pulses, the reflected ultrasonic signal carrying information about the density of the rolling body contact with the raceways of the rings, and detecting shocked reflected ultrasonic sigal, select the minimum of the reflected signal, generate pulses for each of these minima, accumulate the minimum of the reflected signal In the coordinates The axial values of the minima of the reflected signal and, based on the results obtained and their change over time, compare them with the reference values, determine the quality of the bearing. A device for vibration diagnostics of the quality of rolling bearings comprising a drive shaft for mounting a test bearing, serially connected position sensors and a driver for starting pulses, a sound generator and a converter, a switch and an information display unit, as well as an amplifier, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the converter, is equipped connected in series by a key, detector, low pass filter, driver, and also a peak detector, comparison unit, summing analyzer, amplitude meter, control unit. The output of the low-pass filter is connected to the input of peaks of the detector and the first inputs of the summing analyzer and amplitude meter, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the control unit, and the outputs to the first and the second inputs of the switch, the third input of which is connected to the third output of the control unit, the output of the trigger pulse generator is connected to the first input of the control unit, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively Venn with the output of the shaper and the comparator whose first input is connected to the output of the peak detector and a second input of the comparison unit is connected to the input of the generator of ultrasonic vibrations, the second output amplifier nous for prison to the first switch input, a second input coupled to niecTbiM v1hodom control unit. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for vibration diagnostics of the quality of rolling bearings; in fig. 2 and 3 - timing charts of the device. The device comprises a shaft 1 for mounting the test machine with a drive 2, a position sensor 3, the output of which is connected to a starting pulse shaper 4, an ultrasonic oscillator 5 connected to a transducer 6 electric ultrasonic vibrations into mechanical and mechanical ultrasonic vibrations into successively connected amplifiers 7 , key 8, detector 9, low-pass filter 10, shaper 11 pulses of the passage frequency of the rolling bodies, as well as a peak detector 12, summing up the analyzer 13, from eritel amplitudes 14, the control unit 15, the comparison unit 16, series connected switch 17 and a display unit 18. The output of the low-pass filter 10 is connected to the input of the pshc detector 12 and the first inputs of summing argalyzator 13 and the meter 14 amplitudes, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the control unit 15, and the outputs to the first and second inputs of the distributor 17, the third the input of which is connected to the third output of the control unit 15, the output of the driver 4 starting impulses is connected to the first input of the control unit 15, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the driver No Comparison unit 16 , the first input of which is connected to the output of the peak detector 12, the second input of the comparator unit 16 is connected to the fourth output of the control unit 15, the fifth output of which is connected to the input of the ultrasonic oscillator 5, the output of the converter 6 is connected to the input of the amplifier 7, and the second the input of the key 8 is fused to the sixth output of the control unit 15. The method is carried out as follows. The shaft 1 with the bearing under study is driven into rotation by means of a drive 2. In the presence of a pulse at the input of the block 15, the pickups from the output of the pulse shaper 4, the output of the control unit is a signal that starts the generator 5 of ultrasonic vibrations and through the converter 6 of ultrasonic vibrations, causing a pulse of ultrasonic oscillations in the radial direction, which is reflected from all inhomogeneities of the acoustic impedance along the propagation path. The signal is also reflected from the point of contact of the rolling body with the working surface of the bearing rings. The amplitude of the reflected signal depends on the density of contact of the rolling body with the bearing rings, i.e. from the geometric quality of the rolling surfaces. After detection and low-pass filtering, the signal from the output of the low-pass filter 10 is fed to the input of the peak detector 12, the first inputs of the summing analyzer are 13 n gauge 14 and the shield and the input: the forwarder has 11 pulses. Sensor 3 converts the frequency of rotation of shaft 1 and to a higher frequency, and when the bearing rotates on each rolling body located in the zone of propagation of ultrasonic vibrations, it receives several ultrasound pulses. At the same time, the minimum amplitude of the signal reflected from the rolling body corresponds to the presence of the rolling body, and the maximum to the absence of the rolling body in the ultrasound emission zone. In the beat of each minimum, the driver of the frequency of the passage of the rolling bodies passes a pulse arriving at the second input of the control unit 15, and at the beat of each maximum signal amplitude, an enabling command appears at the output of the control unit 15, under the action of which a signal is generated at the output of the comparator to calibrate the entire measuring path in accordance with the result of the comparison with the previous value of the level at the output of the peak detector 12. The reflected pulses transmitted through the detector 9 and the filter 10 do not these frequencies are input to the first input of the summing analyzer 13 which accumulates a minimum reflected signal values at the coordinates of the movable ring or carried separator emogo via pulse input at the second input. summing analyzer 13 from the output of the control unit 15. The information obtained determines the quality of the bearing. The invention makes it possible to improve the quality and reliability of control of rolling bearings. Claim 1. A method for vibrating diagnostics of the quality of rolling bearings, which consists in rotating a loaded test bearing, advances a probe pulse of ultrasonic energy to its stationary ring, receives information about the operating state of the bearing in the form of ultrasonic vibrations, and displays a measurement result that differs in order to increase the accuracy and reliability of diagnostics and bearing quality by taking into account the geometric characteristics of the working surfaces of its parts, before The probes of the probe pulse are measured and the frequency of rotation of the bearing is transformed into the pulse frequency of the angular marks; with each pulse of the angular mark the probing ultrasonic pulse is generated in the radial direction to the stationary ring; the time of passage of the ultrasound pulse from the emission point to the point of the rolling body with tracks is measured rolling rings and vice versa, form gating pulses, the beginning and duration of which correspond to the results of this measurement, are extracted with the help of gating impulses The reflected ultrasound signal, carrying information about the density of contact of the rolling body with the raceways of the rings, detects a gated reflected ultrasound signal, echoes the minima of the reflected signal, generates pulses along each of these minima, accumulates the minima of the reflected signal in the coordinates of the moving ring and in the coordinates of the separator, the amplitude values of the minima of the reflected signal are measured, and based on the results obtained and their change over time, comparing them with the reference values, they are evaluated as Bearing the EU ETS. 2. A device for vibration diagnostics of the quality of rolling stubs, comprising a drive shaft for mounting the bearing being ejected, serially connected position sensor and trigger pulse shaper, a sound oscillator and a transducer, compressor and information display unit, as well as an amplifier whose first output is connected to the second a converter, characterized by the fact that it is equipped with a serially connected key, detector, low pass filter, driver, and also peak m detector, comparison unit, summing analyzer, amplitude meter, control unit, while the output of the low pump filter is connected to the input of the peak detector and the first inputs of the summing analyzer and the amplitude meter, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second, control unit inputs, and the outputs to the first and second inputs of the switch, the third input of which is connected to the third output of the control unit, the output of the start pulse generator is connected to the first input of the control unit, the second third inputs connected respectively to the output of the comparator unit and having a first input connected to the output of the peak detector and the second input of the block comparator fourth output connection the control unit, wherein the amplifier output is connected to the first key input, the second input of which is connected to the sixth output of the control unit. Sources of information taken into account prt examination 1. US patent N 3952566, cl. G 01 N 29/00, 1976 (prototype). U9.t lIllllllllllllllIIIILUJUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItllllllt P P . {