SU982815A1 - Centrifugal dust separator - Google Patents

Description

(54) CENTRIFUGAL DUST HEATER

The invention relates to the field of gas cleaning, in particular, to dust collecting devices, and can be used to trap dust in the aspiration and pneumatic systems of sports in various industries. A device is known for cleaning gas from dust particles, made in the form of a cylindrical body, at one end of which an inlet is located, which smoothly connects to a channel made in the form of a cochlea. A cylindrical glass is installed inside the cochlea along the axis of the body. A cowl is installed along the axis of the canal, which occupies the central part from the bottom of the cochlea to the top of the cane and has an elliptical bottom protruding from the canopy. Through the channel formed by these elements, from bottom to top, the first air stream is rotated, in which dust particles are ejected outward to the building under the action of centrifugal forces. An inlet is located near the other end of the casing, with which the second volute is tangentially connected. A second cylindrical cup, which protrudes from the second cochlea from below, is concentrically mounted in the body. A casing port is provided with an inlet for clean gas that passes through the second cup 1. A disadvantage of the device is that it is necessary to supply clean air to remove dust particles, which requires additional power equipment and increased power consumption. In addition, the device is mainly intended to trap large particles of dust, since most of the fines fraction is carried away with the exhaust air. As a result, the gas cleaning efficiency is reduced. The drawbacks of the device are also the metal intensity of the apparatus and the significant presence of internal parts in the apparatus, which reduces its service life due to abrasion and corrosion. Closest to the invention is a centrifugal dust separator comprising an inlet chamber, a tangential inlet, an axial tube with collected dust that is attached to the end wall of the inlet chamber. The end wall is made in the form of a truncated cone, while around the periphery of the snail chamber there is an image, 1h) C; d jTyo allows you to put 98% of the dust from the crusty dust at a rate of 98% and from the small 7 2 i I 2 j, tsYa einsonic upt.jiieu rrf; l ;;: 1 Kon, (5, il; other content of 1az in the dusty ocean, also ka ;;: h volume between vnash; pe ;; i-,; t: 3 tp; -, combat with tva and ddVi postchggsh part of the gas, e1 to; the first half of the section from the gpl. ai; In addition, some: :: chi: ac jBO of the fines fraction -io y; -cn:,; t ;;;; a cleaned gas. Purpose: H3Ojpe eKHH - increasing the efficiency l) with i.ji cleaning gases from dust. F (; c: i ai. ;; s: ni; l the goal is knocked down by that HTt) ii iK; e.uji; uat: MOM:; centrifugal dust o, containing a fishing chamber (V for and amp; ; -ronia of the ski. tangential BA LTSNOI branch pipe-o;, evu pipe with dust removal uloz-peikszy, irio-united to 1or: l, evok of the snail chamber, zhypnya: decreasing uuipiiHhi and increasing, uo depth, along the gas, U diminutive uuipiiHhi and increasing. on the inner side of the side pillar, on the border with the end C of the e1-soi u.pithoch chamber 5. At the same time, at the entrance to the groove eiO, the width is 0.3–0.35 wide sideways on the 0.030, 04 scaling L of the bogus wall, and on the XB of the code section, the width and height of the groove are equal and are 0.1-0.05 of the lateral width. Creme togO (removal of the separated dust. raised in the form of axial tubes placed in the lower part of screw-shaped protrusion, icoTijpbiMH iodine is installed from the li-rovigl: glo from each; .ipyra ilesborg-Iki, Fig, I shows a detour view from the torg); in Fig. 2 - section I, -I to fi: g. I; FIG. 3, a section B-B in FIG. 1, The device consists of an inlet tangential nozzle 1 connected to a snail chamber 2. At the end of a wall and a wall of 3 beats and an exact chamber 2, an outlet opening 4 is made, to which an axial pipe 5 is connected , The second end wall 6 is filled with a bucket, for more iodine otdeVIJA to catch the tierdik of particles from the potO-: and on the side wall 7 of the pit 2, the junction is 8, a passage; A tank 3, having an outlet opening h, from its vertical axis to the point of exit 9 of the solid part; -d; dh of the flow. The gutter is made increasing the pinch along the depth and tapering along the ridge towards the place of the gaerd part and their hulls. collecting dust from an axial pipe 5 i reinforced under u1 - house 90 to the stray chamber 2, screw slots 10 are filled with pipes in the lower part, the stand between which corresponds to ii4, iry coil of solid particles and is covered with the formula ti5 / g - the diameter of the transporting pipe angle of coil lift. The width of the slot 10 corresponds to the diameter of the coil of solid particles, and the length is equal to the lower semicircle of the pipe 5. The angle of inclination of the slot corresponds to the elevation angle of the coil. A bunker 11 is made below from the conveying pipe. The hopper 11 is made of several sections that are isolated from each other. Each section corresponds to a single slot in the pipe. Such a structure allows maintaining the same pressure in the section of the bunker and in the section of the transporting pipe corresponding to this section. Due to this, gas is not allowed to enter the bunker, and dust is collected through slots 10 into the corresponding section 12 of the bunker 11. Experimentally it was found that to achieve the maximum effect of the apparatus, the trench width in the inlet area should be about 1/3 of the side wall width snail chamber, in the place of the exit of the dust flow B transporting pipe - 0.1-0.05 width of the side wall. The depth of the groove in the entrance section is 0.03-0.04 width of the generatrix, and at the exit point into the transporting tube of the groove width of the groove. In case of deviation from the indicated dimensions, there is an immediate concentration of solid particles into the stream and ct-shzhatsya the effect of gas cleaning in the apparatus The proposed device works as follows, the Pnegasus mixture flows through the tangential nozzle 1 into the snail chamber 2, where it twists in a spiral, doing several turns in the snail chamber 2. As a result, the solid particles are concentrated and moving UTS to exit with increasing concentration of solids in each orbit. During the last turn, the flow of solid particles enters chute 8. Due to the fact that chute 8 is narrowed in width and increases in depth, as the flow of solid particles flows along it, further concentration and coagulation of solid particles occur. 4 at the exit point 9 into the pipe 5 in the form of a high M centered stream of solid particles having a shape, and a stream of purified gas passing through the center of the opening 4 into the pipe 5. In the pipe 5 the stream of solid particles continues to spiral, and when passing During the rotation of the cord through the slot 10, solid particles are poured into the corresponding section of section 12 of the bunker 11. Because the pressure in the bin compartment is equal to the pressure of the corresponding section of pipe 5, air with solid particles in the bunker 11 is prevented, i.e. The proposed device not only separates solid particles from gas, but also captures them. The cleaned gas passes through the transporting pipe 5 and is removed to the outside, and the dust collected from the bunker 11 without any additional treatment is recycled. It was established experimentally that 70% of the solid particles enter the hopper through the first slot, 20% through the second, 8.5% through the third, and the rest through the fourth slot. Characteristics of the flow of solid particles in the separation and trapping of dust in the proposed device (listed in Table 1) (for 100%, the solids content in the gas is 100 g / m). Table 1

Proposed

Famous

Cyclone

Battery cyclones and electrostatic precipitators

Table

85 72 10

99.5 98.0 80

82.0

99.5 Continued table. 1 Coil 3 90 At the exit of the cochlea 99 Coil 4 The positive effect of the present invention is that in the apparatus of the proposed design there is a more complete purification of gases from the fines. This is due to the fact that the solid particles of the fine fraction are concentrated and partially coagulated, falling into the chute and moving along it. In view of the sharp reduction in the volume of movement of the flow of solid particles, their more frequent collision occurs and coagulation of the small particles into larger particles, which allows a significant increase in the degree of gas purification. Data on cleaning the gas mixture in the apparatus of the proposed design, the known and the basic object (cyclone) are given in table. 2, (a carbon black stream containing 100 g / m of air, including a fraction of 0.02-0.04 mm, 13 g / m air; 0.05-0.5 mm, 87 g / m air ).

Claims (3)

The claims 25 1, A centrifugal dust separator containing a snail chamber with a peripheral groove for dust concentration, a tangential inlet pipe βθ side, an axial pipe with a trapped dust outlet attached to the end wall of the snail chamber, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of gas cleaning from dust The trough is made of decreasing width and increasing depth along the gas and is located on the inner side wall at the boundary with the end wall of the snail chamber. 2. Dust separator according to π. 1, characterized in that in the inlet section of the gutter, its width is 0.3-0.35 of the width of the side wall, the depth is 0.03-0.04 in width of the side wall, and in the outlet section the width and height of the gutter are equal to 0, ΙΟ , 0 5 width of the side wall. 3. The dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of trapped dust of the axial pipe is made in the form of screw slots located in its lower part, under which dust collectors are isolated from each other.