SU966160A1 - Hydraulic hammer - Google Patents

Description

The image refers to a pile-driving technique designed to submerge the pile / sheet pile, destroy hard surfaces and other works.

Hydrohammers are known for destroying hard coatings, frozen soils and other works, consisting of impact part, housing, working cylinders, hydraulic accumulators, spool device with podmined spool on the one hand and plunger on the other, the cavity of which is permanently connected to the head Cl pump.

When the pump is turned on, the plunger moves out, moves the spool, the latter takes the spring and connects the pressure line to the working cylinder, the shock part is accelerated by the plungers up to yrtopa to the upper yoke, after which the pressure increases, the spool plunger moves, compresses the spring connects the working cylinders with the drain and the drain battery, the shock part drops, pushing the liquid out of the working cylinders into the drain battery and strikes. When switching the valve and connecting the working cylinder with the drain pressure in the pressure line drops and

the spring tends to move the hopper to a position in which the pressure line is connected to the plungers, which causes the plunger to pick up the impact and the blow is applied to the plungers, and not to the submerged element.

To eliminate this drawback, an additional throttle is inserted on the spool 10, as the operating conditions of the hammer change (for example, the temperature, the viscosity of the liquid, etc.), and therefore the speed of the lot of the lot is changed. causes frequent adjustment of throttle spool. In addition, each cycle of operation of the pressure line is connected to the drain, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the immersion installation.

20 and causes a change in pressure in the system from drain pressure to pressure in the head. Details of the hammer experience alternating load and. at. Features This affects the operation of the hose. The vibrations of the latter causes them to be fast, out of order.

The closest solution to the proposed one is a hydraulic hammer, comprising a hull, a cylinder shock,

thirty . hydroaccumulator, switchgear with differential spool, drain and pressure lines f2j When the hammer is supported on the tool, a channel with a check valve above the piston edge and a channel in the upper part of the working cylinder is connected to the switchgear. In this hammer, when the pump is turned on, the working fluid supplied by the pump from the tank through the spool enters the mating cavity of the working cylinder, and from the piston cavity the liquid passes through the spool to the drain. The popjettieHb with the hammer part rises up and closes the outlet opening to the drain, and the remaining liquid flows into the cavity above the spool. The slide, falling down, compresses the spring and, due to the differential, occupies the lowest position. The working fluid enters the piston cavity of the cylinder, and the piston with the impact part moves down and strikes the tool. At the same time, the piston cavity of the working cylinder through the return valve is connected by a piston with a drain. In such a hammer, as well as in the described one, the spring switches the valve depending on the pressure, and the pressure changes depending on the operating conditions of the hammer, for example, as the fluid viscosity changes, the acceleration rate of the piston with the impact part decreases, which causes a drop in the working cylinder earlier than the piston cavity connects to the drain and the etr, in turn, causes premature switching of the spool and under the grip of the impact part. In addition, each cycle of operation. The pressure line is connected to the drain, which reduces the efficiency of the installation and causes a change in pressure in the system from pressure in the drain to pressure in the head. A disadvantage of the known hammer is also the fact that its parts experience alternating loads, which leads to a reduction in the durability of the hammer and, in particular, of the Changs. The aim of the invention is to increase reliability, stability of operation and noBbiijeHHe efficiency of the hammer. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a hydraulic hammer, including a body, a shock part, a working cylinder, a hydraulic accumulator, a spool device with a differential spool, a pressure head and a drain line, the switchgear is equipped with a podzolotnik one. the cavity of the pusher, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the spool, and the cavity formed by the lower end surface of the pusher and the body of the spool, is communicated by a channel with the working cylinder. Draw a hammer on the drawing. In case 1 a working cylinder 2 is placed, in which piston 3 moves with a rod 4, the shock part 5 is attached to the lower end of the latter. In case 1 there is also a pressure accumulator 6, a differential spool 7, and in the podzol-hollow cavity the pusher 8, the cavity of which 9, formed by the housing and the pusher, is connected by a channel 10 to the working cylinder 2 above the piston rim when the hammer is supported on the tool. In turn, the differential valve 7 is connected by an oil pipe 11 to a pump 12, a channel 13 with a drain, a channel 14 with a rod end and a channel 15 with a piston cavity of the working cylinder 2. The shock part 5 rests on the tool 16. When the pump 12 is turned on, the liquid under pressure the charging of hydroaccumuli of the piston cavity 9 of the piston of the pusher 8 through the cavity above the valve 7, the piston piston of the working cylinder 2 enters. The piston of the pusher 8 switches the valve 7 to the upper position, then the valve 7 is held in the upper position Dosk from podzolotnikovoy cavity. The slide valve 7, moving up, connects the rod cavity of the working cylinder 2 with the pressure line, and the piston cavity with the drain. The piston 3 accelerates upward and at the end of the acceleration closes the drain from the piston cavity of the working cylinder 2, in the cavity above the piston and above the spool 7 the pressure increases, the spool 7 goes down and is held below by pressure on top of it due to the differential. The spool 7, going down, connects the rod cavity of the working cylinder 2 and the piston cavity of the pusher 8 with the drain, and the piston cavity and cavity above. spool 7 is connected to the head. The proposed hammer eliminates the need to reduce the pressure in the pressure line, connect it with the drain to switch the spool up, which makes it possible to reduce the loss of working fluid and the alternating load on the hammer, especially on the hoses, thereby increasing the hammer's efficiency and durability. work. In addition, the hammer eliminates the possibility of premature switching of the spool depending on changes in the operating conditions of the hammer. This increases the reliability of the hammer, regardless of the change in the working conditions of the hammer, the spool switches up only after striking a blow.

Claims (1)

Claim The hydraulic pump, which includes a housing, a shock part, a working cylinder, a hydraulic accumulator, a switchgear with a differential spool, a pressure and drain line, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability, stability of operation and increase the efficiency of the hammer, the switchgear is equipped with a podzolotic I cavity with a pusher, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the spool, and the cavity formed by the lower end surface of the pusher and the body of the spool is communicated by a channel with a working cylinder of 5 rum.