SU961777A1 - Apparatus for controlling breaking unit operation - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING OPERATION CRUSHING INSTALLATION

one

This invention relates to the automation of the crushing of minerals and can be used in the metallurgical, chemical, refractory and building materials industries.

A device for controlling the performance of a woolen mill crusher is known, comprising crusher motors, a feeder with starting equipment, a load sensor, a regulator, a setpoint adjuster, a level sensor, a thyristor switch, an electronic switch, and a control multivibrator 1.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for controlling the operation of the crushing plant, containing load sensors, capacity, level, particle size characteristics of the crushed material and the crusher, feeder and screen engines with the corresponding starting equipment, the crusher motor being connected to the load sensor input 2.

These devices do not allow the crusher to maintain maximum productivity and at the same time given the characteristics of the particle size distribution.

crushed product regardless of changes in the physicomechanical characteristics of the original product and the wear of the internal surfaces of crushers when there is a screen before the crusher (for example, conical) as more inertial than the crusher, the link in the crushing plant, and also do not provide high operational reliability of the control system and flexibility management

d due to the fact that these devices include analog devices with predetermined hard (immutable) control laws that have a lesser (worse) reliability characteristics in terms of

15 compared, for example, with digital programming control devices (for example, microcomputers based on single-chip microprocessors).

The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the device.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for controlling the operation of the crushing plant, containing a load sensor, capacity, level, particle size characteristics of the crushed material and the engines of the crusher, feeder and screen with the corresponding starting equipment, the crusher motor connected to the input of the load sensor, is equipped with sensors of discharge crusher slots and amplitudes of oscillations of the screen, speed regulator of the screen engines, computing unit and actuating mechanism for regulating The loading gap, the load sensors, capacity, level, particle size characteristics of the crushed material, the size of the discharge gap and the amplitude of the screen oscillations are connected to the corresponding inputs of the computing unit, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding starting equipment of the crusher, screen and feeder engines, as well as the actuator an adjustment mechanism for the discharge gap and an input for the throttle speed controller.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device.

The device consists of an engine 1 crusher with starting equipment 2, an engine 3 feeder with starting equipment 4 and an engine 5 of a roar with starting equipment b, a computing unit (for example, a micro-computer) 7, a regulator 8 of the speed of an engine of a roar, an actuator 9 for unloading control slit, load sensor 10, digital sensor 11 level, sensor 12 granulometric characteristics of the crushed product, sensor 13 size of the discharge gap, sensor 14 amplitude of oscillations of the screen, sensor 15 performance, I produce its signal is proportional to the amount supplied to the crushing plant starting material. . "

The device works as follows.

The start of the engine 1 of the crusher, the engine 3 of the feeder and the engine 5 of the rumble is carried out according to the control signals from the computing unit 7 through the appropriate starting equipment 2, 4 and 6.

A load sensor 10 monitors the load of the crusher motor 1 and transmits information about the nature of the change in the crushability of the original product, proportional to the power consumed by the crusher, to the computing unit 7.

The latter also receives information from the level sensor 11, the capacity sensor 15, the sensor 12 of the particle size characteristics of the crushed product, processes this information and, using the setting (constant) available in the memory, forms the required control law for the supply of the original product and through the starting equipment 4 acts on engine 3 power.

A level 11 sensor monitors the upper and lower levels of the original product in the crusher's receiving tank.

When the receiving tank overflows, which occurs in the case of an inaccessible starting product, or when the minimum permissible level is reached, which occurs in the case of a readily injectable starting product, the level sensor 11 generates a corresponding

the signal to the computing unit 7, which, through the starting equipment 4, regulates the speed of the engine 3 of the feeder by increasing or decreasing the quantity of the starting product supplied.

The crushing plant's performance is influenced not only by the physicomechanical characteristics of the initial product and the maintenance of its level in the crusher's receiving tank within the specified limits, but also by the operating mode of the screen before the crusher (screening efficiency). The efficiency of screening depends on the amplitude of oscillations of the screen, which is determined by the speed of the engine 5 of the screen (for example, vibrating with automatic unbalance). The memory (computational unit 7) stores a setpoint (constant) corresponding to the amplitude of oscillations of the screen at its maximum efficiency.

An oscillation amplitude sensor 14 outputs the magnitude of the current amplitude value to block 7.

With an increase in the mass of the initial product supplied by the feeder, the amplitude of oscillations of the screen decreases, which reduces its efficiency, since

5 in this case, a larger percentage of the larger initial product enters the crusher, which reduces the productivity of the crushed product with the specified granulometric characteristics of the entire crusher.

To eliminate this phenomenon, the computational unit 7 according to information received from the sensor 14 for the amplitude of oscillations of the screen, comparing the current 5 amplitudes with the setpoint, generates a signal for an increase in the number of revolutions of the engine 5 of the screen and outputs this signal to the controller 8 for the speed control of the engine 5.

During the operation of the crusher 0, the inner surfaces of the surfaces involved in the crushing process wear out.

Operating experience has shown that, on average, the internal surface of crushers is worn 1 mm per day. The ability to maintain the specified granulometric characteristics of the crushed product is determined not only by the crusher's maximum productivity mode, but also by the size of the discharge gap.

The sensor 13 for the value of the discharge gap provides information to the computing unit 7, which generates a control signal to the actuator 9 for adjusting the discharge gap, maintaining its value within the specified limits, regardless of the wear of the crusher's internal surfaces.

High operational reliability of the device and flexibility of its control is achieved by using a computing unit (for example, a microcomputer based on a single-chip microprocessor), which possesses superior reliability characteristics as compared to analog hardware and the ability to quickly change the control laws (due to changing constants and programs in the memory of micro-computers) with a change in the physicomechanical properties of the original product or the crushing technology.

The proposed device can be used both with pre-screening and without it. In this case, there will be no such distinctive signs as the presence of a sensor 14 for the amplitude of oscillations of the rumble, a regulator 8 of the speed of the thunder engine, as well as the engine itself 5 of the rumble with the starting equipment 6.

Claims (2)

1. USSR author's certificate No. 408661, cl. B 02 C 25/00, 1972. 0 2. USSR author's certificate No. 405594, cl. B 02 C 25/00, 1971. // / J /four