SU951286A1 - Device for data processing and input - Google Patents

Description

The first input and the third output of the device are connected to the output of the nporpainMHoro interaction block, the input of which is connected to the second input of the device, the fourth output of the JST: the tube is connected to the output of the operating display unit, the third input of which is the third input of the compression unit and the seventh input of the forming unit the machine words are connected to the output of the xivan block, the eighth input of the block of forming the computer words is connected to the output of the block of compression and a quarter of the input of the operational display block, the fifth input of which is connected to the output of Atel Code 1.  However, this device possesses limited functions of express analysis of measurement information and does not allow quantitative assessment of the studied processes and recorded signals independently from a computer.  The closest to the invention is a device that additionally contains a memory block, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the time shift compensation block, the second input to the second output of the matching and switching unit, the third input to the output of the alignment unit, and output — with information inputs of a code converter, a machine word shaping unit, a data control unit, a smoothing unit and an on-line display unit, a statistical analysis unit, the first input of which is connected to the output of the memory block, W swarm input - to the output Single plaque control, and an output coupled to t he input Operational display unit and the decryption unit identities GOVERNMENTAL data input coupled to the second output of the time shift compensation unit, and output - with sheetym input control unit 2.  The disadvantages of this device are the limited functions of the primary processing of arrays of measurement information in terms of editing when data is entered into a computer; the inability to obtain the physical values of the studied quantities and their correlative functions; narrow specialization in types of connected sources and computers; the stiffness of the functional connections between the units of the device.  The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application of the device by organizing various input modes.  This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for processing and inputting information contains a unit for matching and compensating for the time shift, whose inputs are the inputs of the device group, and the output is connected to the input of the control unit, the inputs of the channel selection unit, the time code allocation unit, a data rarefaction unit and a decoder are connected to the output of the matching and compensation unit of the time shift, the program control unit connected by two-way communication with the channel selection unit, the time code allocation unit, the p unit data dilution, decoder, code conversion unit, control unit, data control unit, information smoothing and compression unit, display unit, memory unit and analysis unit, the input of the program control unit is the first input of the device, and the output is the first output of the device unit control unit is connected by a second two-way communication with a code conversion unit, a data control unit, an information smoothing and compression unit, a memory unit, an analysis unit, and is the second output of the device; current values connected by one two-way communication with the control unit, the other with the program control unit, the correlation function determination unit, co-coordinating one two-way communication with the memory unit, and the other two-way communication with the program control unit, input of the correlator functions is the second input of the device, the data editing unit, connected by two-way communication with the program control unit, the input of the data editing unit, is connected to the output of the matching unit and time shift compensation.  The drawing shows a block diagram of the device.  The device comprises a block 1 for matching and compensating for a time shift, a block for program control 2, a block for selecting channel 3, a block 4 for allocating a time code, a block 5 for diluting data, a decoder 6 for identifying data, a block 7 for editing data, a block 8 for control, a block 9 for converting codes data control unit 10, smoothing and compressing unit 11, operational display unit 12, memory unit 13,. block 14 (statistical) analysis, block 15 for determining correlation functions, block 16 for modeling current values, block 17 for forming computer words and interface with a computer, inputs for device 18, input line 19, control line 20, information line 21, outputs 22 , 23 devices, inputs 24 and 25 devices.  Unit 7 is designed to edit multi-channel digital information and form an array of data of an ordered structure.  Block 15 is designed to determine the correlation functions of random processes.  Block 16 is designed to determine the physical values of measured values from current samples at the rate of their receipt from sources, taking into account the transfer characteristics of the through measuring path.  The device is made on a block-HNG principle, with three main lines.  The input line 19 serves to transfer information from selected specialized external devices (VCA) to the blocks 3,4,5, b, 7,8, and is unidirectional (simplex). The control line 20 covers all the blocks of the device and serves to transmit control to them. information.  This trunk is duplex.  The Information Master 21 serves to transfer processed information between individual blocks and is also duplex.  The device works as follows. At the device input through the appropriate (depending on the nomenclature of information sources) interchangeable interfaces of unit 1 by commands from a computer or an operator under the control of block 8, different types of VCA are connected, With the VCA. conventionally subdivided into personnel, from which information comes in the form of a specific periodic sequence of kodoz, the totality of which constitutes an information frame (these include multi-channel data transmission, etc., and frameless devices, which include analog, frequency-code, graph- code and t, p.  Information from the VCA in the form of words of various sizes in a wide frequency range is fed to the input of block 1, which coordinates the information sources with the device and commutes information flows from the VCA for analysis, processing in the device and data input to the computer. block 1 is compensated for the time shift, t, e.  the skew sign is determined, the incoming information word accumulates in the buffer registers, which is accompanied by a pulse of delay by a certain amount; the data is output to the input line 19, thereby compensating for the time shifts arising from the reproduction of measuring information from magnetic tapes (ml).  Service information (time code, identification data, markers, sync pulses, service marks) also goes to trunk 19 and then to blocks 3,4,5,6. Program Control Unit 2 allows controlling operation in the VCA and setting operation modes devices from the computer side. In this case, certain control words are issued to the device from the computer, containing control codes of operations performed by the device blocks, VCA numbers, initial conditions constants, and so on. d.  Commands from a computer make the connection of the VCA, as well as the choice of modes of analysis and data processing, which, in the case of autonomous computer use of the device, can also be set from the control panel by operator commands.  The control signals from block 2 enter the line 20 and the output 23 of the device.  The channel selection unit 3 is intended for the selection of specified frame cals, the information from which should be issued to a computer for processing, and also subjected to analysis and preliminary preparation according to a certain algorithm in the device.  In this case, permission to select specified channels is generated in accordance with the frame structure sequentially.  Starting from lower numbers, From the output of block 3, the signal to select a channel through control highway 20 enters data editing block 7, and the code number of the selected channel, together with information registered on this channel through blocks 7 and 8, goes to information highway 21, Block allows to perceive frames with a variable number of channels, which depends on the type of VCA and can vary from several tens to several thousand hours.  The selection of certain channels is made by commands from a computer or operator.  In this case, a special buffer memory is used to store the specified channel numbers.  Block 4 in the allocation of the time code is used in cases when the time code registered during the experiment is received from the VCA, which depends on the type.  The VCA is fixed in various ways,. The block performs the necessary operations to extract the time code from the sequence of reference pulses or from certain channels of the frame during its channel recording.  Block 4 also converts the binary time code to decimal (for indication), the serial code to parallel and counts its increments for a finer time assignment during processing.  If necessary, a parallel time code once per second or in each frame is issued as certain service words together with the generated increment and time sign to block 7 and information line 21 for subsequent recording in a computer or real-time display.  In those cases when the information is entered into the computer or its analysis and processing in the device is carried out according to a given time code in the interval T beginning - T end / the comparison signals of the current and predetermined time codes are received in block 8 by allowing and forbidding the input of information in a computer and its processing in the device.  In this case, the time interval is set by commands from a computer or operator.  The data rarefaction unit 5 samples the incoming information to the device, controlling its passage to blocks 7, 8 and the information highway of the device.  The vacuum is produced in accordance with the specified algorithms for analyzing, processing, and entering data into a computer.  Unit 5 carries out the analysis of service information: the allocation and counting of service. marks, sync pulses, markers, signs of time.  Depending on the mode, a specified amount of information is processed or entered into the computer immediately after the next mark is selected, or at a predetermined interval.  At the same time, the commands from a computer or operator specify: the number (series) of information words, and for multi-channel information the frames processed in the device and entered into the computer, or the duration of the processing and input interval in seconds, as well as the prohibition interval for processing and input ( discreteness).  In the absence of special marks, thinning of incoming information according to a certain law can be carried out programmatically from a computer.  Signals of permission for processing and input enter block 8.  Block B performs the perception and decryption of identification data (passport) recorded on the information carrier during the experiment.  These include, for example, the recording rate, the astronomical experiment time, the recording program number, the mode number, and so on. d.  The block makes the identification data unified for the operational display on the indicator boards and also analyzes them in accordance with the specified processing conditions in the device and input information from the DL to the computer.  The permission signal for processing and inputting information on the arrival of the rear identification data enters control unit 8.  For intermediate storage of current values of knowledge data, the corresponding buffer memory is used.  If necessary, a passport through the blocks 12 and 17 can be displayed on a printing device, display or in a computer with a specific sign.  Block 7, in accordance with a given editing program, generates data files that are uniform in structure and size.  In this case, a block carries out a random redistribution (cross-linking) of information words.  If necessary, a per-channel or bit-by-recomposition (merging) of the input data within the information frame is performed in order to form words of a certain structure suitable for subsequent processing.  The block functions as follows: at its input from the highway 19, multichannel digital information is received, arbitrary, depending on the type of VCA, structure and sync pulses (C).  The control words containing the editing algorithm, through block 2, are set by the lm from the computer, written into the operational memory of block 7, and read from the sync pulses received from the VCA.  In the process of data entry, the digital code of the parameter under study, registered, for example, in several channels of a frame, is compiled into a single information word of a certain structure and size according to a certain algorithm.  Block 7 may contain RAM, a static register, the first control trigger, a counter, the first shift register, the first comparator, the second register, the second counter, the second com-.  Parator and works as follows.  On the first frame clock, the first control word is read from the RAM to the static register, in which the width of the first component of the information word is specified, as well as the writing of this part of the parameter to the shift register.  With the same sync pulse, the first control trigger is activated through the delay element, which allows the generator pulses to pass to the counting input of block 1 and to the synchronous input of the first shift register, in which the information is sequentially shifted by the number of bits specified in the cadre control for the first part parameter.  When the code value in the counter reaches the value of the number specified in the RAM control word, the signal from the output of the first comparator will reset the first trigger and the shift in the first register will stop.  At the same time, this signal will trigger the second trigger, which permits the passage of generator pulses to the counting input of the second counter and simultaneously to the synchronous inputs of the shift registers, thereby shifting information from the first register to the second register that is output, by the number of bits specified in control word RAM.  If the code of the second counter coincides with the number of bits specified in the control word, the signal from the output of the second of the comparator will reset the second trigger to the initial state and the information shift will stop.  Thus, in the second register, the first part of the composable parameter will appear.  The next sync pulse reads the second control word from the RAM, after which the second component of the next specified channel parameter is shifted from the first shift register to the second register by the number of bits.  specified in this control word RAM.  Therefore, in the first shift register there are now two glued parts of the composable parameter.  Upon receipt of information of subsequent frame channels, in which the remaining component parameters are contained, they are densely arranged in the second shift register.  A special control signal is present in the RAM control word for the last specified channel of the frame. Editing is completed, the digital code of the parameter generated in the second shift register is transferred to the information highway 21 With the arrival of a new frame of information, the compositing cycle of the specified parameter is repeated.    The control unit 8 ensures the compliant functioning of other units of the device, producing, with the help of the pulse distributor, a strictly defined sequence of control signals (micro-tacts) determining the functioning of the main line 20.   In addition, in block 8, the analysis of the specified initial conditions and service signals generated in blocks 3, 4, 5, b is performed, and the data is allowed to flow into the information highway 21.  In block 8, a video terminal is used as the control panel of the device, for which the test conditions for the test are filled with the necessary initial conditions, and also sets the operation mode of the device.  . The control information for block 8 can also be issued from the computer via block 2.  The code conversion unit 9, under the control of unit 8, takes the information words from trunk 21, converts them from dioic to decimal code, and sends them back to highway 21 for indication, output to a printing device or video terminal using unit 12.  The device data control unit 10 makes an express analysis of the reliability of information received from the VCA and localization of faulty sections of the carrier by monitoring the information arrays accumulated in memory unit 13 at the rate of data receipt from the VCA.  In this case, the counting and comparison of the number of channel clock pulses in the information frame with the specified one is done (depending on the type of VCA, the information frame contains a strictly defined number of channels).  The number of bad frames is recorded in the fault counter.  Failed frames are marked with special features and are not issued to the information highway 21.  In addition, unit 10 calculates the discharge and total checksums of specified information sections for analyzing their quality, and also filters (eliminates interference) sync pulses and detects zero values of monitored parameters.  If there are control codes in the input information words, the block will generate and compare the generated control codes with those received from the VCA.  The number of bad and zero words is recorded by the corresponding error counters.  The control results are received via trunk 21 to unit 12 for real-time display.  If necessary, in block 10, the values of the studied parameter are monitored to be in a predetermined range with the determination of its extremum (minimum and maximum values).  The amount of outliers (parameter values beyond the lower and upper limits of the specified range) is recorded in the fault counter.  In block 10, the plausibility control and filtering of service signals (markers of the beginning of the frame and markers of events) are also performed.  The smoothing and compressing unit 11, with the appropriate permission from the control unit 8, eliminates single random outliers of the studied process registered in certain channels of the information frame at the rate of information receipt from the VCA. - In this case, an outlier is considered to be a value that differs from the previous one by an amount greater than the specified increment value.  When an outlier is detected, its value is replaced by the averaged one.  For intermediate

the storage of the set of parameters to be smoothed and the setpoints is used is a buffer memory. The smoothed information can flow into the blocks 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 via the information highway or be compressed in order to reduce its volume and redundancy when entered into a computer or operational display. In this case, the character of changes in the processes and parameters registered in certain channels of the information frame is described. In the case of a smooth change (the current value differs from the previous one by an amount less than the specified increment), the enabling signal for outputting information to the information highway is not generated, but the number of prohibited information output words is calculated. As soon as the current value exceeds the specified increment, as well as when the counter reaches, the information words are missing from the specified value in the information line: the current value of the parameter, the actual increment and the number of missing words, which is necessary for the subsequent restoration of the compressed function with preservation of the time scale, as well as control of accuracy information entered into the computer. A buffer memory is also used for intermediate storage of the analyzed parameters and storage of the specified increments in the block.

The operational display unit 12 serves for express control of the data arriving in the information highway 21. The unit provides selected information to a multichannel graft constructor. In this case, the information is entered for each channel in the form of a graph, a parameter in time, together with digitized service marks. In addition, documentation is made of information from specified frame channels using an online printing device and a video terminal. At the same time, along with informational words, service marks and signs, current time codes, numbers of selected channels are issued. The matching of the information flow rates when printing data and the video terminal is output is performed using the buffer memory of block 13.

The memory unit 13 buffers the measurement information received from the VCA in order to express control it before entering the computer, ensuring the operation of the blocks 10, 11, 12, matching information arrival rates from the VCA and outputting it to

slow printing device and video terminal. The entry into the block 13 of the information coming from the information highway is carried out in various modes under the control of the block 8.

To ensure the input of valid information to the computer, in block 13, two fields of memory are allocated, each of which is informational in volume:

frame. After filling the first

the floor, the data record is continued to the second memory field, and from the first, according to the results of the control, in block 10, it was checked for parity

and the number of channels in the information frame is either entered into the computer or is rejected. After the second field is filled, the recording continues in the first field, and from the second field is entered into the computer

1 or rejects.

; To output information to a printing device or video terminal, the specified memory array of block 13 is filled with information passed

control of the reliability, after which the output of information can be carried out at a speed determined by the technical capabilities of the printing device and the video terminal, under the control of block 8.

For block 11 to operate in a smoothing mode, in block 13, a memory field with a volume of three information frames is allocated for storing the current values of the specified parameters and values

their increments. At the same time smoothing

(elimination of random outliers) of the set of parameters registered in the information frame is carried out according to the algorithm implemented in block 11.

For block 11 to operate in compression mode, in block 13, a memory field with a volume of four information frames is allocated for storing the values of the specified parameters to be compressed, and for their increments. In this case, it is possible to eliminate information redundancy in terms of the totality of parameters registered in the information frame, according to the algorithm implemented in block 11.

In order to enter information accumulated in the computer into block 13, at the initiative of the computer itself, the memory of block 13 is divided into two equal parts. In this case, after the first half is filled, the record of the data prepared for input into the computer continues into the second half of the memory, and from the first half the output is made.

Claims (2)

information in the computer. After filling the second half, the data recording continues into the first half, and from the second half, the accumulated information is output to the EVM, etc. This mode of operation of block 13 allows the coordination of the flow rates of information flows into the computer when processing at the input rate. In addition, block 13 is used in the operation of block 14 (statistical) analysis. Block 14 operates as follows. At the rate of arrival of the values of the specified parameters from block 1c, the comparison circuit calculates the value of the increment of the current value of the K-th sample relative to the specified Xd, which goes to the adder, where the sum of all increments is formed. The block control circuit counts the number of received samples 2 and generates a shift signal to the right of the value of the adder. n binary bits The resulting value of the average parameter value (x) is transferred to the output register. At the second stage, the comparison scheme calculates the increment value of the K-th reference relative to the average value of the parameter X. The increment value through the squaring circuit enters the adder, and the control circuit generates a shift signal to the right of the number in the adder by n binary bits, as well as the forwarding signal of the obtained value of the variance estimate of the output adder. The results are received in block 12 for real-time display on a printing device or video terminal. The experimental data to the input of the correlation function determination unit 15 comes from the information highway 21, and the clock pulses from block 8 through the control highway 20. Block 15 also has an independent input .25 for processing analog signals. An auxiliary signal is added to the input signals in block 15 with a uniform distribution from a special generator. This additive mixture and auxiliary signal are quantized. By subtracting from the quantization result of the additive mixture of a digital equivalent of an auxiliary signal, an unbiased estimate of the instantaneous value of the input signal is obtained. In the digital processing unit of the block under the influence of a delayed clock signal, these estimates are multiplied and averaged, and the correlation moment is obtained. The clock signals are counted by a cumulative counter, on overflow of which the processing cycle is terminated. The results of the calculations are transmitted to the operational display unit 12 via the information highway. Block 16 is designed to determine the quantitative characteristics of physical quantities to flowing counting values at the rate of their receipt from the VCA, taking into account the transfer characteristics of the through measurement and recording path. Block 16 operates as follows. The transfer characteristic of the pass-through measurement and recording path is uniquely determined by a n-th order polynomial F i. + A.j.xf + ... + a, x, where F is the -t -th value of a physical quantity-, 0,. polynomial coefficients; current value of the registered count. The current value of the registered reference, x, enters via the information highway 21 to block 16, where it is stored in the input register. The values of the polynomial coefficients are set on the device control panel. At the same time, the coefficient a, is the first term of the polynomial, is entered into the accumulating adder, and the other coefficients of the polynomial are stored in special memory registers. The second term of the polynomial is calculated by multiplying the current reference value by the second coefficient of the polynomial a,. The value of the second term calculated in this way is summed with the contents of the accumulating cyr iaTopa, i.e. with the coefficient a ,, a is entered into the storage register of intermediate values. The third term of the polynomial is calculated by multiplying the contents of the storage register of intermediate values (i.e.) with the current reference value x and the third coefficient of the polynomial a. The value of x is entered into the intermediate value storage register. And so on. The polynomial term n + 1 is calculated by multiplying the contents of the storage register of intermediate values (i.e. x) with the current value of reference x. and the polynomial coefficient and Calculated values are entered in the accumulating adder. After calculating the n + 1 term and entering it into the accumulating adder, we have the current value of the physical quantity F, -, which is given out in block 13 for accumulation in the buffer memory and subsequent output to the computer. The unit for forming computer words and interface with a computer 17 produces the formation of machine words of a certain (depending on the type of computer) of a unified size and structure of their information and service words of different (depending on the type of VCA) size and structure coming from the information highway 21 To simplify the algorithm for searching information in the computer memory and processing the output information from the device contains service bits, the corresponding contents of which are indications of the beginning of the frame, time code, identification code bad words, bad frame, etc. (these signs are generated in blocks 3, 4, 5, 10). For the same purpose, computers in the form of certain service words may issue codes of selected channel numbers, the registered current time in increments, as well as service marks. Block 17 allows the exchange with a computer of both roll-level machine words and byte by bit. For this, the block contains a byte-by-by-one layout of machine-words formed from the input information, which is used to interact with computers that have a one-by-one exchange mode. In addition, in the block, the control code of the assembled machine words (for each byte) 5 is formed, which, after the pre-preparation and input conditions are met, are issued to the computer. The information prepared in the device is recorded using interchangeable (depending on the type of computer) nodes, which makes it possible to enter information from the VCA into various types of computers. In this case, unit 17 generates the necessary control signals to meet the requirements of standard input interfaces. output and organization of information exchange of a device with a computer using standard computer channels. Recording and information is performed by direct access to the operational memory (OP). The recording time of one information word is commensurate with the cycle of accessing the OP computer. In order for the liver to program the interaction of the VCA and the computer, in block 17 certain bytes of Interrupts are formed, which are output to the computer in the exchange process depending on the specified input conditions and operating modes of the device and the computer. Various modes of inputting information into computers are possible, which are determined by the frequency range of information from the VCA and software processing. In all modes, write addresses are formed in computer channels. The control actions are generated in the device in accordance with the requirements of the standard interfaces of the input-output channels of the computer (the output 22 of the device). In particular, after the next word (byte) has been prepared, the Ready signal appears in the computer, on the channel’s hardware, the next cycle to access the computer's RAM is detected, the processor is stopped, the Information-Acquisition signal is generated and the information word is written to the PD by the address created in the channel. In this case, the device is connected to the computer channels using the appropriate interface cards as an initiative external device. The described device, unlike the prototype, allows editing and dense composition of the studied parameters; has advanced primary processing of measuring information arrays; to obtain the physical values of the studied quantities and their correlation functions, f has enhanced functional and structural flexibility in the implementation of various modes of express analysis, processing and input of measurement information in a computer. The invention includes a device for processing and inputting information, containing a time shift matching and compensation unit whose inputs are to the device inputs and the output is connected to the input of the control unit, the inputs of the channel selector unit, the time code allocation unit, the data rarefaction block, the decoder. connected to the output of the matching and compensation unit of the time shift, software control unit connected by two-way communication with the channel selection unit, time code allocation unit, data rarefaction unit, decryptor a torus, a code conversion unit, a control unit, a data control unit, an information smoothing and compression unit, a display unit, a memory unit and an analysis unit, the input of the program control unit is the first input of the device, and the output is the first output of the device; two-way communication with a code conversion unit, a data monitoring unit, an information smoothing and compression unit, a memory unit, an analysis unit, and is the second output of the device, characterized in that THAT, in order to expand the area use of the device by organizing various input modes, a modeling block of current values is entered into it, connected by one bi-directional communication with the control unit, another with a program control unit, a correlation function determining unit, connected by one bi-directional communication with the parallels, and another bidirectional communication — with a program control unit; an input of a correlation function determination unit; is outputted by a second device input; a data editing unit; a connected two-way communication with the unit. rogrammnogo control, editing data block input coupled to an output matching block and the time shift compensation. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate -. „, 541162, cl. G 06 F 3/04, 1977. 2. USSR author's certificate 693360, cl. G 06 F 3/04, 1978 (prototype).