SU9376A1 - Pneumatic car front window cleaner - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an automatic or mechanical force actuated to wipe and clean the front window of an automobile.

The object of the invention is to create such a device that can satisfactorily clean a relatively large surface of the front glass, and the wiping organs or brushes are automatically shifted to a position that does not invade the view, and also such an automatic device that can satisfactorily clean a relatively large glass surface and -in which the force of the wiping organ can be directed to a certain part of the glass surface; finally, create a device with several wiping bodies, in which individual brushes can be, if desired, directed to clean different parts of the glass, or even work together on the same

the same piece of glass at the same time. It is also an object of the invention to improve a cylinder arrangement for a motor making a cleaning.

The device of the proposed device is shown in the attached drawings, where FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the front of a car fitted with a proposed cleaning device; FIG. 2 is a rear sectional view of the cleaning device; FIG. 3 is a rear view of one of the brushes and the brush holder; FIG. 4-section of the cylinder and the piston for the cleaning device (in an enlarged form); FIG. 5 is the same as FIG. 4, but the valves are in a different position; FIG. b - a section along the line b - b of fig. four; FIG. 7 is a section along line 7-7 of FIG. five; FIG. 8 is a section along line 8 - 8 of FIG. 1 (in the increased size); FIG. 9 is a rear view of a portion of the appliance showing the closure device for the cleaner; FIG. 10-section along the line 10 -10 to the patent of the company Reishep FIGE. Fig.8. Fig.Yu. FIG I. - “i- g

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Date: 12/21/2001

Number of pages: 4

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Class 28 a, 1

No. 9377: 3

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PATENT t INVENTION

DESCRIPTION of the method of dehairing hides.

k patent intsa R. Botson (Rerte Botson), Odergem-Brussels, Belgium, dated November 15, 1926 (for c. honor. No. 12531).

A patent was issued on May 31, 1929. The patent is valid for 15 years from May 31, 1929.

Depending on the. The method of tanning leather, usually using either lime milk, or sulfuric acid, or a combination of these two means to remove hair from the skin, see what it is necessary to preserve: fur or skin. The lime treatment has the disadvantage of damaging the skin substance, while the treatment with sulfur compounds damages the hair, causes excessive skin swelling, unwanted discoloration, and also destroys glint, etc.

In the proposed method, it is intended to eliminate these disadvantages in that the sodium sulphide or another suitable sulfurous compound is exposed to water vapor, and then mixed with caustic alkali and water. The product obtained in this way is a stable liquid, which, according to the author, makes it possible to consider not a simple mixture, but a chemical compound that is so mild that it can be applied to living beings, even human skin, without any harm.

The proposed method consists in the following: 100 WJ of salable concentrated sodium sulphide is placed in a hermetically sealed autoclave; the autoclave is equipped with a pressure gauge and a through valve. Water vapor is injected under pressure, after which the material is liquefied until a liquid mabs weighing about 160 kg is obtained. If the pressure inside the a1 autoclave rises too high, a little steam can be released. Technical sulphurous soda contains organic and mineral impurities, including iron sulphide and sodium hyposulphite; the presence of these compounds seems to have a beneficial effect on the reaction, probably due to their effect on each other. The resulting and collected liquid is different from that which can be obtained by dissolving sulfurous soda in cold or warm. It should be noted that the sodium sulphide at the start of treatment should not be wet, and should dissolve exclusively from the action of water vapor. Steam is proposed to keep under pressure at least 4-5 atm.

The use of an autoclave is necessary to eliminate sulfites, hyposulfites and sodium sulfate,

as well as free sulfur, which can damage the final product. During the dissolution process, a kind of noise is heard from the latter in the autoclave.

Upon opening the autoclave, a compound in the form of black mucus is found in it, giving off vapors with an unpleasant odor. The fluid has a strong corrosive effect, it corrodes and dissolves the skin. To this substance was added 2 kg (least 1%) of French turpentine oil or other solvent obtained by distilling sea pine (Pinus maritima) or similar plants. Crystallization at this point should be avoided, since the crystals turn black, while the goal of the process is to give a colorless product. 500 ng of water is added to eliminate crystallization, thereby bringing the mass density to 13 ° Vyo. The resulting liquid is discharged into a decanting bowl. After sequentially decanning twice in 24 hours, a precipitate is released from blackish substances. The liquid is pumped through a very sparse filter, clarified and drained into another bowl, where it is mixed with 35 ° Be soda alkaline. This alkali must be perfectly free of solid particles of sodium. The alkali can be added in portions from 20 to 10%, depending on the purpose of the crystals, and in practice, the alkali is usually adjusted to the same density as the liquid and used in the same amount.

The mixture is again filtered, because at this moment there is a loss of light greenish sediment, which tell the skin color. After the addition of the soda alkali, the product is filtered off, and the axis, the solids in the vessel and on the filter, are collected. This sediment is about 10-13 ° / o of the initial weight of the sulfur compound.

The liquid obtained after filtration is completely transparent.

its specific gravity varies with the amount of caustic soda added. To cause the liquid to crystallize, it is poured into an evaporator equipped with a condenser for condensate collection. Almost half of the mass is subject to evaporation. A vessel of such a metal that is not exposed to caustic liquids should be used. Gases are also formed during evaporation and the liquid becomes reddish. The liquid is then transferred to a cold room where pinkish-white crystals are obtained. The uterine brine is returned to production again, and the analysis is first performed, and the yield is removed by decantation and filtration. The amount of crystals obtained after centrifugation varies from 190 to 210 kg, specific density 33-36 We, according to the degree of evaporation. The properties of crystals: system-rhombohedral, they are hygroscopic, sensitive to sunlight, corrode and dissolve metals; in weak solutions (0.2-0.5 ° Ve) do not corrode animal skin; in a solution of about 30 ° Ve, fats are dissolved.

For use in the tanning industry, the crystals are dissolved in tepid water and baths are made in 4-10 ° C. The number of degrees depends on whether the skin is salted or overseas, or whether fresh or bovine skins are used. Clean skin before soaking.

Experiments have shown that good results are obtained from adding lime, barium, or strontium, which is important in a small amount of compounds,; but. this increase is not necessary. The amount of dehumidifying agent, as well as lime, barium and strontium compounds for the removal of hides, depends on the type of leather and on the tanning method (vegetable, chrome or mixed). Baths do not lose their specific weight even after processing hundreds of leathers in them. The duration of impregnation in baths can vary from 2 to 48 4iac., Depending on the structure of the skin.

The skin can be completely free of hair that needs to be collected. Then the skin is freed from fat, as well as from the core; swelling is just as easy. If neutral skins are required to be obtained, it is sufficient to immerse them, after treatment, in a weak acidic bath. The product is suitable for the treatment of all types of leather, for example, for the treatment of whose skins, sheep skins, horse hvstov, etc. Further, it can be applied to people. These proportions depend on the purpose and the product; in particular, the amount of caustic soda can be reduced.

 of the patent.

1. A method for dehairing hides, characterized in that in quality

dehydrating agents are used crystals obtained from a mixture of dry sodium sulphide and sodium hydroxide solution, which is a mixture of solutions exclusively by a single vapor, in autoclave, to a concentration by evaporation and crystallization, are purified from impurities by decantation and filtration.

2. Acceptance of the method mentioned in claim 1, characterized in that French terpentine oil is added to the precipitation of impurities from the sulfuric acid transferred to the solution by the action of water vapor in the sodium sulphide autoclave, after which the precipitation of impurities and separation by decanting treated with caustic soda solution.

3. Acceptance of the above in p.p. 1-2, characterized in that calcium, strontium or barium compounds are added to the dehumidifying agent.