SU908578A2 - Tool for finishing bodies of revolution by plastic deformation method - Google Patents

Description

(54) TOOL FOR CHRONIC TREATMENT OF BODIES OF ROTATION BY PLASTIC DEFORMATION METHOD

The invention relates to the processing of metals by plastic deformation and can be used in the machining of holes in parts.

According to the main author. No. 512043. A tool is known for finishing rotating bodies by a method of elastic deformation with deforming elements freely placed in the annular chamber of the housing and perceiving the impact of the working agent supplied through the axial channel and connected to it by the openings for supplying the working agent offset from in the direction of movement of deforming elements 11).

The known tool does not allow to obtain a regular microrelief, which reduces the technological capabilities of the tool.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the tool is equipped with a mandrel with openings in the axial channel of the housing for supplying the working agent and imrich,

housed in an inclined annular chamber made in the housing, the housing is mounted for reciprocating relative to the mandrel, and tangential openings for supplying the working agent are formed in the inclined annular chamber.

FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; see 3 -

, the scheme of the forces acting on the deforming element of the additional camera in the normal plane; FIG. 4 is the same in the axial plane of the tool.

The tool contains deforming

S elements 1, freely placed in the annular chamber 2 of the housing 3 with an axial channel 4. In inclined at an angle to the axis of the housing 3, the chamber 5 freely accommodates a ball 6, the housing 3 has the ability to reciprocate between springs 7 on a mandrel 8 made with an axial hole 9 for supplying the working agent to the axial channel 4. The body 3 is held from rotation by 3 screws 10, which cooperate with the groove walls EXECUTIVE in the body 3. The springs 7 are adjusted by nuts 11. The axial channel 4 is connected to chambers 2 and 5. holes 12 and 13 for feeding Static preparation agent biased toward movement of the deforming elements. The deforming elements 1 are smaller in diameter than the ball 6, and the holes 12 are larger than 13. To prevent the deforming elements 1 and the ball 6 from falling onto the tool, a technological mandrel with chi is worn. horizontal hole (not shown). The thin lines in the drawings indicate the workpiece 14, The tool works as follows: The Obra & 1 ply part 14 is installed in a tool on a lathe (not according to Kajan), and the tool is fastened on the tailstock of a coaxially machined pinch surface. Then the tool is inserted into the hole being machined, shear the process mandrel, and a working agent (compressed air) is fed into the hole 9 of the mandrel 8, which through the axial channel 4 and the holes 12 and 13 enters the chamber 2 and tilts the chamber 5. Under the influence of the working agent the deforming elements 1 and the ball 6 are accelerated from, respectively, in the chamber 7 and the inclined chamber 5. The resulting centrifugal forces press the deforming elements 1 and the ball 6 into the work surface of the part 14, thereby processing. During machining, the ball b is acted upon by centrifugal pitch force - F c, the radial component of the force Rc - Rdef is the component Fy, normal to the lateral surfaces of the inclined annular groove FK and the axial component of the force F - F. four). From the schemes of forces presented on fig. 3 and 4, it follows that the forces at the points of the trajectories of motion of the ball 6 under consideration are directed in opposite directions. When the tool is in operation, the RF force provides for plastic deformation of the surface being machined, and the FQJ force provides for reciprocating displacement of the body 3 relative to the mandrel 8, and, consequently, the deforming elements 1 placed in the chamber 2 along the treated surface. At the same time, in the highest and lowest points of the trajectory of motion of the ball 6, the Rdef forces have the largest values equal to

55

Rts cos.

sina

Claims (2)

Invention Formula Tool for finishing of rotation bodies by the method of plastic deformation according to the author. St. No. 512043, which differs in the extreme lateral points of the path of movement of the shara 6, the indicated forces have the smallest values equal to the deflection of the ball of the ball 6 and the values of the forces F smoothly vary from smaller to the highest. The frequency of the reciprocating (oscillating) deforming elements 1 relative to the surface to be treated is determined by the frequency of rotation of the notch 6 relative to the axis of the body 3 in the inclined chamber 5. This frequency can be regulated by varying the pressure of the working agent supplied to the tool. When the pressure of compressed air in the range of 1-6.3 kgf / cm, the frequency of the reciprocating movements of the deforming elements 1 varies from 1.5 to 8 thousand hours of double strokes per minute. Since the ball 6 sets the deforming elements to reciprocating movements, the latter are applied to the treated surface of the microrelief in the form of a grid of sinusoidal grooves, i.e. vibro-rolling is carried out. Thus, ash bb performs two functions simultaneously in the process of operation: the function of the deforming element and the drive function of the reciprocating axial movements of the deforming elements 1. At the same time, it should be noted that the trace of the processing of the ball 6 on the machined surface due to its movements along the inclined chamber 5 is significantly different from the trace left by the deforming elements 1 moved in the chamber. 2. The deforming elements 1 are smaller in diameter than the ball 6, and the holes 12 are larger in diameter than the holes 13, therefore more volume of compressed air is supplied to chamber 2 than to chamber 5, resulting in rotational frequency and, consequently, the force of specific pressure deforming elements larger than the ball 6. Therefore, the deforming elements 1 provide extrusion of sinusoidal grooves on the surface, previously prevented by the ball 6. The design of the considered tool allows machining cylindrical holes to obtain a regular microrelief on their surface, which will expand the technological capabilities of the tool. so that, in order to expand the technological capabilities of the instrument, the latter is provided with a mandrel located in the axial channel of the body with openings for supplying the working agent and a ball freely placed in the inclined annular chamber made in the body; reciprocating relative to the mandrel, and in the inclined annular chamber tangential holes are filled to supply the working agent. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 512043, cl. B 24 B 39/04, 1973. a