SU891029A1

SU891029A1 - Device for cutting logs to standard length

Info

Publication number: SU891029A1
Application number: SU802906289A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виктор Сергеевич Кралин; Александр Сергеевич Кралин; Олег Максимович Ведерников; Василий Максимович Рубцов
Original assignee: Ленинградская Ордена Ленина Лесотехническая Академия Им.С.М.Кирова
Priority date: 1980-04-07
Filing date: 1980-04-07
Publication date: 1981-12-23

Description

Изобретение относится к устройствам для разделки деревьев на сортименты, используемым преимущественно в лесозаготовительной промышленности и лесном хозяйстве.The invention relates to devices for cutting trees into assortments, used mainly in the forestry industry and forestry.

Известно устройство для разделки деревьев на сортименты, включающее составную стойку, на которой установлены сучкорезные ножи, верхнее и нижнее срезающие приспособления, протаскивающий механизм и захватные рычаги [1]. ₁₀ A device for cutting trees into assortments, including a composite rack on which delimbing knives are installed, upper and lower cutting devices, pulling mechanism and gripping levers [1]. ₁₀

Недостатком этого устройства является проскальзывание рябух протаскивающего механизма по стволу дерева.The disadvantage of this device is the slippage of the pockbacks of the pulling mechanism along the tree trunk.

Известно также устройство для разделки деревьев на сортименты, включающее составную стойку, на которой установлены сучкорезные ножи, верхнее и нижнее срезающие приспособления, протаскивающий механизм, захватные рычаги и механизм поворота [2]. _χ Also known is a device for cutting trees into assortments, including a composite stand on which delimbing knives, upper and lower cutting devices, a pulling mechanism, gripping levers and a turning mechanism are installed [2]. _χ

Недостатком известного устройства является также проскальзывание рябух протаскивающего механизма по стволу дерева, особенно при обрезке сучьев большого диаметра.A disadvantage of the known device is also the slippage of the pockbacks of the pulling mechanism along the tree trunk, especially when pruning large branches.

Цель изобретения — повышение надежности работы путем.уменьшения проскальзывания рябух.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability by reducing the slippage of pockbacks.

Эта цель достигается тем, что их поперечное сечение имеет форму эллипса, а одна из них подпружинена относительно составной стойки.This goal is achieved by the fact that their cross-section has the shape of an ellipse, and one of them is spring-loaded relative to the composite rack.

На фиг. 1 изображено предлагаемое устройство, общий вид; на фиг. 2 — поперечное сечение рябух протаскивающего механизма.In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a General view; in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rowan of dragging mechanism.

Устройство для разделки деревьев на сортименты включает составную стойку 1, на которой выполнены верхнее 2 и нижнее 3 срезающие приспособления, сучкорезные^ ножи 4, поворотный механизм 5 и захватные рычаги 6. Протаскивающий механизм включает неподвижную 7 и прижимную 8 рябухи, поперечное сечение которых выполнено в виде эллипса. Отношение малой в к большой а осей эллипса приблизительно равно 5/6. Прижимная рябуха 8 установлена на шарнирном рычаге, который состоит из звена 9. шарнирно связанного с треугольником 10 и установленной между ними пружины И. Звено 9 шарнирного рычага установлено на составной стойке 1 шарнир но и приводится в движение при помощи гидроцилиндра 12.A device for cutting trees into assortments includes a composite stand 1, on which upper 2 and lower 3 cutting devices, delimbing knives 4, a rotary mechanism 5 and gripping levers 6 are made. The dragging mechanism includes a fixed 7 and pressure 8 rowan, the cross-section of which is made in the shape of an ellipse. The ratio of small to large and the axes of the ellipse is approximately 5/6. The clamp ryabuk 8 is mounted on an articulated lever, which consists of a link 9. pivotally connected to a triangle 10 and a spring I. mounted between them. Link 9 of the hinged arm is mounted on an integral strut 1 and is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 12.

Длина дуги 1 (фиг. 2) эллипсной рябухи выбирается, исходя из среднего расстояния между сучьями и мутовками разделываемых деревьев на основании статистических данных.The length of the arc 1 (Fig. 2) of the ellipse rowan is selected based on the average distance between the branches and whorls of the trees being cut on the basis of statistical data.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

При работе машины под пологом леса устройство, например, при помощи гидроманипулятора, наводится на дерево, подлежащее ' разделке на сортименты . Захватные рычаги 6, сучкорезные ножи 4 и прижимная рябуха 8 прижимаются к стволу дерева. Затем включается верхнее срезающее приспособление 2 и перерезает дерево. После включения в работу механизма 5 поворота осуществляется вынос вершинной части дерева в сторону от пня для того, чтобы обеспечить возможность последующего протаскивания, обрезки сучьев и разделки ее на сортименты. При этом при протаскивании с одновременной обрезкой сучьев дерева за счет эллипсности неподвижной 7 и прижимной 8 рябух обеспечивается устранение проскальзывания рябух по стволу дерева. Пружина 11 обеспечивает снижение динамических нагрузок, возникающих при протаскивании вершинной части дерева, от эллипсности. рябух 7 и 8, а также геометрических погрешностей ствола.When the machine is operating under a forest canopy, the device, for example, using a hydraulic manipulator, is pointed at a tree to be cut into assortments. The gripping levers 6, delimbing knives 4 and the pressure pockmark 8 are pressed against the tree trunk. Then the upper cutting device 2 is turned on and cuts the tree. After turning on the rotation mechanism 5, the top of the tree is carried away from the stump in order to enable subsequent pulling, trimming of knots and cutting it into assortments. In this case, when dragging with simultaneous pruning of tree branches due to the ellipse of the fixed 7 and pressure 8 of the pock, the elimination of slippage of the pock along the tree trunk is ensured. The spring 11 provides a reduction in dynamic loads that occur when pulling the top of the tree, from ellipse. grouse 7 and 8, as well as geometric errors of the trunk.

После протаскивания вершинной части дерева вниз на длину сортимента верхнее срезающее приспособление 2 производит его прорезание.After dragging the top of the tree down to the length of the assortment, the upper cutting device 2 cuts it.

Так цикл повторяется до полной разделки дерева. Оставшийся пень срезается при помощи нижнего срезающего приспособления 3.So the cycle repeats until the tree is completely cut. The remaining stump is cut using the lower cutting device 3.

Использование изобретения позволяет повы5 сить производительность работы устройства за счет устранения проскальзывания рябух протаскивающего механизма по стволу дерева и снизить мощность, необходимую для обрезки сучьев и протаскивания дерева на 5-7%.The use of the invention allows to increase the productivity of the device by eliminating the slippage of the hazel pullers of the pulling mechanism along the tree trunk and to reduce the power necessary for trimming branches and pulling the tree by 5-7%.

Claims

The invention relates to a device for cutting trees into assortments, used primarily in the logging industry and forestry. A device for cutting trees into assortments is known, comprising a composite rack on which delimbing knives are installed, upper and lower shearing devices, a pulling mechanism and gripping levers 1. A disadvantage of this device is the sliding of the pulling mechanism along the tree trunk. It is also known a device for cutting trees into assortments, comprising a composite rack, on which delimbing knives are installed, upper and lower shearing devices, a pulling mechanism, gripping levers and a turning mechanism 2. A disadvantage of the known device is also the slipping of the pulling pulling mechanism along the trunk tree, especially when pruning branches of large diameter. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of work by reducing slippage. This goal is achieved by the fact that their cross-section has the shape of a zllipse, and one of them is spring-loaded relative to the composite rack. FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a general view; in fig. 2 is a cross-section of a p boo of a dragging mechanism. The device for cutting trees into assortments includes a composite rack 1, on which the upper 2 and lower 3 cutting devices, delimbing knives 4, a swivel mechanism 5 and gripping levers 6 are made. The pulling mechanism includes a fixed 7 and a burning 8 r bukha, the cross section of which is made in the form of an ellipse. The ratio of the small to the large and the axes of the ellipse is approximately 5/6. The bumper clamp 8 is mounted on a hinged lever that is composed of a link 9. Hingedly connected to a triangle 10 and a spring 11 mounted between them. Link 9 of a hinged lever is mounted on a composite rack 1 that is hinged and driven by a hydraulic cylinder 12. Arc length 1 (Fig. 2) an ellipse bukha is chosen based on the average distance between the branches and verticils of the trees to be cut, based on statistical data. The device works as follows. When the machine is operating under a forest canopy, the device, for example, with the aid of a hydraulic manipulator, is guided into a tree that follows cutting on assortments. The gripping arms 6, c) the Dporezny knives 4 and the clamping buck 8 are pressed against the tree trunk. Then, the upper shear device 2 is turned on and cuts the tree. After the rotation mechanism 5 is put into operation, the top part of the tree is moved away from the mon in order to ensure the possibility of subsequent pulling, limbing and cutting it into assortments. At the same time, when dragging with simultaneous trimming of the branches of the tree due to the ellipticity of the fixed 7 and the clamping 8 p boo, the slippage of the bo boo along the tree trunk is eliminated. Spring And provides a reduction in dynamic loads arising during the drag of the apical part of the tree, from ellipsoznost. p boo 7 and 8, as well as geometric faults of the trunk. After dragging the deciduous part of the trees down the length of the sfiling, the upper shearing device 2 makes it to be cut. .4 So the cycle repeats the complete cutting of the wood. The remaining stump is cut with the help of the lower cutting device 3. Using the invention improves the performance of the device by eliminating slipping of the pulling pulling mechanism along the tree trunk, and reducing the power required for cutting branches and pulling the tree by 5-7%. The invention The device for cutting trees on sor-. Tips, including a composite rack, upper and lower cutting devices, a pulling gear mechanism, delimbing knives, gripping levers and a turning mechanism, characterized in that, in order to improve operation reliability by reducing the slipping of the bu, their cross section has an ellipse shape and one of them is spring-loaded relative to the composite rack. Sources of information taken into account in the examination. Patent of France No. 2275993, cl. A 01 G 23/02, 1976.

2. US patent No. 3974866, cl. 144-3, 1976 (prototype).