SU877235A1 - Rotary furnace - Google Patents

Description

(54) ROTATING OVEN

one

The invention relates to chemical engineering, mainly to devices for burning solid waste from chemical production, and can be used in those industries that result in waste that is subject to thermal neutralization; In addition, in the cement, mining and other sectors of the industry for the heat treatment of lump materials of different fractional composition.

Designs of rotary furnaces for incineration of solid industrial wastes, oil sludge from chemical plants and household garbage are known, including cobbled tubular chamber with a charging device and a device for removing solid non-combustible residues (1) and 12) refractory material.

However, in known furnace structures, it has a smooth or finned arc. the surface on which the waste is in bulk, without separation of the fractions, resulting in the incineration of waste occurs in a layer, i.e. the small fractions close the coarse ones and from the effect of the high-temperature oxidative flow, which significantly reduces the surface of the contact of the waste with the high-temperature flow and the capacity of the installation.

5 A rotary kiln is also known, comprising a cylindrical chamber equipped with a grating located at least over a part of the inner space of the kiln. The grille contains transverse radial ribs - grate, on which the longitudinal grate is supported, as a result of which the internal cavity of the furnace is divided into three longitudinal gas ducts for moving the waste washed by the high-temperature flow moving along it. Longitudinal grate can

ts form three, four, six and eight longitudinal gas ducts. Grate bars can be solid or hollow. Cooling air or water can be passed through the grate | 3).

jg Although the presence inside the cylindrical chamber of the longitudinal flues formed by the grate bars, contributes to the separation of the mass of waste incinerated into streams and

thus, it partially improves the burnout intensity, but at the same time from the grate bars of the longitudinal flues coming out of the lower position during rotation, small fractions of the waste are spilled into the lower position gas ducts by closing the fresh waste coming here and reducing, thereby, their intensity burnout In addition, the fall of incombustible, or dying residues from longitudinal flues in the upper position to the bottom of the chamber before unloading leads to a significant dusting of the gas flow and, accordingly, to more complex ash systems.

Closest to the rotary kiln offered by the technical essence and the achieved effect, there is a cylindrical chamber lined with refractory material with internal radial ribs to which heat-resistant shells made with (1caps) are attached coaxially to the chamber.

The drawbacks of the kiln are low productivity due to uneven distribution of waste over the cross section of the chamber, the lack of fractionation of waste according to their size and a significant ash content of flue gases.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a rotary kiln containing a lined cylindrical chamber with internal radial ribs, to which heat-resistant casings attached to the chamber are attached coaxially to the chamber and filled with holes for loading and unloading, the shells decrease in diameter from the central shell to the outer shell. , while the edges are extended inside the central / shell.

The length of the shells is incrementally increased, and the number of shells is one, two or more. The distance between the shells is 1.5-2 times the width of the slit.

The installation of coaxial cylindrical shells with differently sized gaps allows the separation of waste by fractional composition as the chamber rotates and improves the access of the high-temperature oxidative flow to the waste, which, in turn, improves burnout intensity. In addition, the separation of waste into fractions improves the conditions of organic burning due to the fact that first of all it burns organic matter from small waste that spills onto the bottom of the chamber. This leads to an increase in the temperature of the oxidative flow acting on the next larger waste, located closer to the axis of the chamber on the perforated shells.

The distance between the shells, which is 1.5–2 times the maximum size of the slits, makes it possible to eliminate jamming (lagging) of the pieces between the shells. Extended inside the central shell

The 5 radial ribs of the chamber, on which the shells are fixed, promote better mixing of the lumpy waste when the chamber is rotated and, being spacers, partially excluding the adhesion of the waste to

Q perforation of the shell, thereby improving the access of high-temperature oxidative flow to large waste, increasing the intensity of burnout. A stepwise transition to unloading from the inner perforation of the shell to the outer one and the execution of restrictive ribs at the unloading ends of the shells exclude the possibility of ash from the upper sections to the bottom of the cylindrical chamber, reducing the dusting of the gas stream and ash ash from the smoke gases.

FIG. 1 shows a rotary kiln, general view; in fig. 2 is the same cross section.

The rotary kiln includes a cylindrical chamber I, lined with refractory material, perforated cylindrical shells 2, made of heat-resistant material and mounted on radial ribs 3 of chamber 1, loading device 4 with burner 5 attached to it, and device b for waste loading, as well as unloading chamber 7, placed at the opposite end of chamber 1. At the ends of the perforated shells 2, limiting ribs 8 are made on the discharge side.

5 The furnace operates as follows.

The cylindrical chamber 1 is driven into rotation. With the help of the burner 5, the furnace is heated up to 850, and through the charging device 6, solid

 waste, and the waste is fed directly into the inner perforated shell 2. The number of shells can be one or more. Due to the presence of gaps of different sizes in the shells, the waste is distributed in layers between the shells by size. The largest ones remain in the inner (central) shell. The smallest ones fall on the inner surface of the rotating chamber I. Due to the more developed surface of small wastes,

0 spilling onto the bottom of a cylindrical chamber, under the action of a high-temperature oxidative flow, organic matter in them burns out faster. This increases the temperature of the oxidizing gas stream. ka, which more intensively affects more solid pieces of waste, and also leads to more intensive burning out of the organic components of the latter.

Oxidized, organic compounds are converted into water vapor and carbon dioxide.

Non-combustible waste components due to the rotation of the cylindrical chamber and its inclination towards the discharge side move along the perforated shells and due to the presence of restrictive ribs 8 get to the next shell only in the lower part, due to which the dust stream of the gas stream is reduced, and accordingly, means and methods of protection are simplified from ash and dust. Larger pieces, which are located in the central shell, due to the partially protruding ribs are washed by the gas stream more completely, since these ribs play the role of struts, providing access to the high-temperature oxidative stream from both sides. Large pieces, reaching the end of the shell, arrive at the lower position on the protruding part of the next shell, etc. to the bottom of the rotating chamber, from where they fall into the eolian section of the discharge chamber 7. The flue gases, passing through the branch pipe, enter the gas portion of the discharge chamber and are removed from the furnace.

The design of the proposed furnace makes it possible to improve the conditions for the incineration of solid waste due to a more even distribution of the waste over the cross section of the rotating chamber with simultaneous fractionation of it in size, which improves the burnout; organic constituents within each fraction; improvement of volumetric combustion due to the presence of perforations, providing multilateral access of high-temperature oxidizing environment R

waste; reduction of ash ash with flue gases due to the reduction of dust content of the gas flow by providing a gradual, stepwise transition of non-combustible waste from the central envelope to the inner surface of the rotating chamber, as well as due to the presence of restrictive fins on the discharge side of the ducts, which preclude precipitation of ash and incombustible waste from the upper sections to the bottom of a rotating camera.

Claims (4)

. Invention Formula A rotary kiln containing a footed cylindrical chamber with internal radial ribs to which heat-resistant shells with openings for loading and unloading are attached coaxially to the chamber, which in order to increase efficiency, the openings are complete across the shell surfaces with decreasing diameter from the central shell to the outer one, with the ribs extended inward-the central shell. 25 Sources of information taken into account in the examination I. US Patent No. 4019445. cl. PO-8R, 1978. ... 2. Patent of France No. 2092402, cl. F 23 G 5/00, 1974. thirty 3. The patent of Great Britain No. 1322227, cl. F 4 B, 1972. 4. The patent of Great Britain No. 1372965, cl. F 4B, 1974 (prototype). fig I