SU867989A1

SU867989A1 - Pad of movable rail of switch point

Info

Publication number: SU867989A1
Application number: SU782643900A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Лев Григорьевич Крысанов; Лев Александрович Щетинин
Original assignee: Проектно-Технологическо-Конструкторское Бюро Главного Управления Пути Министерства Путей Сообщения Ссср
Priority date: 1978-07-11
Filing date: 1978-07-11
Publication date: 1981-09-30

Description

Изобретение относится к конструкции железнодорожного пути, в частности к его стрелочным переводам Известна подушка подвижного рельса стрелочного перевода, выполненная в виде бруса с опорной поверхностью скольжения, поддерживающей подвижный рельс го.The invention relates to the construction of a railway track, in particular to its turnouts. A cushion of a rolling rail of a turnout is known, made in the form of a bar with a supporting sliding surface supporting a movable rail of th.

Известна подушка имеет прямоугольную форму в плане.Known pillow has a rectangular shape in plan.

Однако подушки прямоугольной формы, неравномерно изнашиваясь под воздействием колесной нагрузки, изменяют условия опирания на них подошвы подвижного рельса, приводят к появлению и развитию на этой подоШве желобчатого износа, дополнительно увеличивающегося при многократном поперечном перемещении подвижного .рельса из рабочего положения в нера.бочее и обратно. Места сопряжений вертикальных стенок желоба, образующегося в результате истирания ма - ¹териала подошвы подвижного рельса.However, rectangular pillows, which wear out unevenly under the influence of the wheel load, change the conditions of bearing on the soles of the movable rail, lead to the appearance and development of groove wear on this sole, which additionally increases with repeated transverse movement of the movable rail from the working position to the non-working and vice versa . Places of conjugation of the vertical walls of the trough formed as a result of abrasion ^{of the} material of the sole of the movable rail sole.

,2 являясь концентраторами напряжений, Существенно снижают усталостную прочность рельса и создают реальную угрозу безопасности движения поездов. Цель изобретения - повышение Ha'S дежности и срока службы перевода., 2 being stress concentrators, significantly reduce the fatigue strength of the rail and pose a real threat to the safety of train traffic. The purpose of the invention is to increase Ha'S reliability and service life of the translation.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что подушка выполнена в плане, в. форме трапеции, большее основание которой обращено к неподвижному ре10 льсу стрелочного перевода.The goal is achieved in that the pillow is made in plan, in. the form of a trapezoid, the larger base of which is turned to the motionless turnout of the turnout.

На фиг. 1 показана схема стрелки железнодорожного пути·, на фиг.2разрез А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг.З узел 1 на фиг. 1; в увеличенном масш1® табе·, на фиг. 4 - вид Б на фиг. 1 .In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an arrow of a railway track ·, in FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3, the assembly 1 in FIG. 1; on an enlarged scale1® tab ·, in FIG. 4 is a view B in FIG. 1 .

Стрелочный перевод железнодорожное го пути состоит из двух подвижных 1 и двух неподвижных 2 рельсов, подкладок 3 с подушками и креплений ²⁰ задних стыков подвижных рельсов 4.Railroad track switch consists of two movable 1 and two fixed 2 rails, lining 3 with pillows and fastenings ^{20 of the} rear joints of the movable rails 4.

Для опирания подвижных, рельсов, высота которых меньше, чем неподвижных, на подкладках закреплены подушки в виде бруса с плоской опорной поверхностью скольжения и трапецеидальной формы в плане с уширенной стороной, обращенной к неподвижному рельсу.To support movable rails, the height of which is less than fixed, pillows in the form of a bar with a flat sliding bearing surface and trapezoidal shape in plan with a widened side facing the fixed rail are fixed on the liners.

Для прохода поездов подвижный рельс 2 переводится в рабо’чее. положение путем поворота его в заднем стыке 4 до прилегания к неподвижному рельсу 1, чем достигается направление колес 6 и передача нагрузки от них на подушки 5 и подкладки 3.For the passage of trains, the movable rail 2 is translated into working. the position by turning it in the rear joint 4 until it abuts the fixed rail 1, thereby achieving the direction of the wheels 6 and transferring the load from them to the pillows 5 and lining 3.

Нерабочее положение подвижного рельса 2, в которое он переводится для пропуска поездов смежного направления, показано пунктиром на фиг.2; При переводе подошва подвижного рельса 2 скользит по опорной поверхности подушки 5.The non-working position of the movable rail 2, in which it is translated to pass trains of the adjacent direction, is shown by the dotted line in figure 2; When translating the sole of the movable rail 2 slides along the supporting surface of the cushion 5.

Из-за придания подушке трапецеидальной формы в плане с уширенной стороной, обращенной к неподвижному рельсу , удельные давления от воздействия колесной нагрузки распределяются по всей площади контакта подущки и подошвы подвижного рельса более равномерно, поэтому уменьшается неравномерность истирания материала по зоне контакта, а при многократном перемещении подвижного рельса из одного положения в другое для пропуска поездов дополнительно образуются переходы 7 от изношенного горизон- тального участка подошвы к ее неизношенным участкам (фиг. 4 ).Due to giving the pillow a trapezoidal shape in plan with the broadened side facing the fixed rail, the specific pressures from the impact of the wheel load are distributed more uniformly over the entire contact area of the cushion and the sole of the movable rail, therefore, the unevenness of the abrasion of the material over the contact zone is reduced, and with repeated movement rolling rail from one position to another for passing trains additionally formed transitions 7 from a worn horizontal section of the sole to its unworn section m (FIG. 4).

Кроме того, при металлоемкости одинаковой с подушкой и сохранении ₅ расстояний между стрелочными подкладками , уширение опорной поверхности подушек со стороны наиболее загруженной кромки подошвы подвижного рельса уменьшает его свободный, пролет между опорами, то есть улучшает ус-’ ловия опирания подошвы на подушки и снижает кромочные напряжения в подошве подвижного рельса от его изгиба под колесной нагрузкой.In addition, if the metal content is the same as the pillow and ₅ distances are maintained between the arrow pads, broadening of the pillow support surface from the side of the most loaded edge of the sole of the movable rail reduces its free span between the supports, that is, it improves the conditions of support of the sole on the pillows and reduces the edge stresses in the sole of the movable rail from its bending under wheel load.

Claims

The invention relates to the construction of a railroad track, in particular to its turnouts. A known cushion of a moving rail of a turnout switch is made in the form of a bar with a supporting sliding surface supporting a movable rail CO. The known pillow has a straight angle shape in plan. However, the rectangular pillows, unevenly worn under the influence of the wheel load, change the conditions on which the bases of the moving rail rest on them, leading to the appearance and development of grooved wear on this floor, which further increases with repeated transverse movement of the rolling rail from the working rail. position in riepa. boche and back. Vertical positions of the vertical walls of the gutter, which are formed as a result of abrasion of the material of the sole of the movable rail. The use of stress concentrators yulestno reduce the fatigue strength of the rail and pose a real threat to the safety of trains. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and service life of the translation. The goal is achieved by the fact that the pillow is made in the plan, c. trapezium I, the larger base of which faces the fixed rail of a switch. On (1mg. 1 the diagram of the arrow of the railway track is shown; in Fig. 2, section A-A in Fig. U in Fig. 3, node 1 by 4 "d. 1) on an enlarged scale; in Fig. 1. 4 is a view B in FIG. 1. Railroad switch rail-. It consists of two movable 1 and two fixed 2 rails, adhesive plates 3 with cushions and fastenings of the rear joints of movable rails 4. For supporting movable ones., rails whose height is smaller than the fixed ones, cushions are fixed on the linings flat sliding and trapezoidal flap-shaped surface in plan with a broadened side facing the uncontrollable rail. For the passage of trains, the movable rail 2 is transformed into a working position by turning it in the rear joint 4 to adjoin the fixed rail 1, thereby achieving the direction of the wheels 6 and transferring the load from them to the pillows 5 and the lining 3, the non-operating position of the movable rail 2, which is translated for passing trains of the adjacent direction is shown by the dotted line in FIG. When converting, the sole of the movable rail 2 slides on the supporting surface of the cushion 5. Due to the trapezoidal shape of the pillow in the plan with the broadened side facing the fixed rail, the specific pressures from the wheel load are distributed over the entire contact area of the spider and the sole of the movable rail. more evenly, therefore, the unevenness of abrasion of the material in the contact zone is reduced, and in the case of multiple displacement (moving a moving rail from one position to another, for passing of trains, they additionally form , from transitions 7 from the worn-out horizontal portion of the sole to its unworn portions (Fig. 4). Moreover, with the metal intensity of the sole with the cushion and maintaining the distance between the switch lining, broadening the supporting surface of the upper side of the moving rail reduces its free span between supports, i.e., improves the conditions of resting the soles on the cushions and reduces the edge voltages in the soles of the movable rail from bending under the wheel load. The invention The cushion of the rolling rail switch, made in the form of a beam with a sliding surface supporting the movable rail, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability and service life of the translation, it is made in the plan in the form of a trapezoid, the larger base of which faces fixed rail switch. Sources of information taken into account in the examination. Yankovsky AK and others. Designing switches, M., Transzheldorizdat, 1948, p. 45 (prototype).