SU851424A1

SU851424A1 - Device for generating functions

Info

Publication number: SU851424A1
Application number: SU792858000A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Алексей Петрович Стахов; Яков Васильевич Мартынюк; Николай Андреевич Квитка; Владимир Прокофьевич Кожемяко
Original assignee: Винницкий политехнический институт
Priority date: 1979-12-25
Filing date: 1979-12-25
Publication date: 1981-07-30

Description

(54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ГЕНЕРИРОВАНИЯ ФУНКЦИЙ(54) DEVICE FOR GENERATION OF FUNCTIONS

Изобретение относитс к вычислительной технике, автоматике и может быть использовано в аналоговой и комбинированной вычислительной технике при воспроизведении функций методом кусочно-линейной аппроксимации . Известно устройвтво дл генерировани функций, содержащее реверсивный счетчик, разр дные выходы которо го соединены со входами дешифратора и со входгичи преобразовател код-напр жение , на выходе которого включен интегратор, а также реверсивный коль цевой распределитель, генератор тактовых импульсов, подключенный к регистру сдвига, и запоминающее устройство tl Однако указанное устройство отличаетс сложностью схемы и большими аппаратурными затратами. Известно также устройство дл генерировани функций, содержащее посто нное запоминающее устройство, три цифроаналоговых преобразовател , выходы первого и второго из которых соединены с аналоговыми выходами третьего, два регистра, вход первого .из которых подключен к первому выход посто нного запоминающего устройства а выход - к первому цифроаналоговому преобразователю и входу второго регистра 2 . Несмотр на общую структурную сложность схемы, данное устройство не способно генерировать функции разной пол рности и таким образом, обладает ограниченными функциональными возможност ми . Наиболее близким по технической сущности к предлагаемому вл етс устройство дл генерировани функций , содержащее дешифратор, два операционных усилител , генератор импульсов возбуждени , счетчик ординат, генератор периодических импульсов и блок ординат, выполненный в виде двух групп параллельно соединенных сегнетопьезоэлектрических трансформаторов t3 . Недостаток такого устройства состоит в i-OM, ЧТО;импульсы на выходах сегнетопьезоэлектрических трансформаторов содержат помехи типа звон, которые способствуют увеликчению погрешности при воспроизведении функции. Кроме toro, указанное устройство предполагает только равномерное квантование аргумента при аппроксимации функций, а это в р деThe invention relates to computer technology, automation and can be used in analog and combined computer technology when reproducing functions using the piecewise linear approximation method. A device for generating functions is known, comprising a reversible counter, the bit outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the decoder and to the input voltages of a code-voltage converter, the output of which includes an integrator, as well as a reversing ring distributor, a clock pulse generator connected to the shift register, and a memory device tl. However, this device is distinguished by the complexity of the circuit and large hardware costs. It is also known a device for generating functions containing a permanent storage device, three digital-analog converters, the outputs of the first and second of which are connected to the analog outputs of the third, two registers, the input of the first. Of which are connected to the first output of the permanent storage device and the output to the first a digital-to-analog converter and a second register input 2. Despite the overall structural complexity of the circuit, this device is not able to generate functions of different polarity and thus has limited functionality. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for generating functions comprising a decoder, two operational amplifiers, a generator of excitation pulses, an ordinate counter, a generator of periodic pulses, and a block of ordinates made in the form of two groups of parallel-connected ferroelectric transformers t3. The disadvantage of such a device is i-OM, THAT; the pulses at the outputs of ferro piezoelectric transformers contain ringing-type disturbances, which increase the error during the reproduction of the function. In addition to toro, this device assumes only a uniform quantization of the argument when approximating functions, and this is in a number of

случаев вл етс недостаточным дл моделировани функций с заданной погрешностью аппроксимации.cases is not sufficient to simulate functions with a given approximation error.

Цель изобретени - повышение точности и райыирени класса генерируемых , функций.The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and the heat resistance of the class of generated functions.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что в устройство дл генерировани функций, содержащее группу двухвходовых сегнетопьезоэлектрических трансформаторов, средний вывод каждого из которых соединен с шиной нулевого потенциала, а вЫход подключен ко входу напр жени пол ризации устройства и к первой обклгщке соответствующего разделительного конденсатора , первый операционный усилитель , выход которого подключен к первому входу второго операционного усилител , и генератор возбу щени , введены триггер возбулодени триггер управлени , элемент И , интегратор, элемент задержки, делитель частоты, двухвходовой оегнетопьезоэлектрический трансформатор исходного значени функции, группа пар элементов И, дополнительный разделительный конденсатор и регистр сдвига, каждый раз .р дньлй выход подключен к первым входам соответствующей пары элементов И группы пар элементов И, соединенных вторыми входами соответственно с первым и вторым выходами триггера возбуждени , а выходс1ми - со входами соотвётствукхцих двухвходовых сегнетопьезоэлектрических трансформаторов гpyппы вход запуска устройства соединен с первым входом триггера возбуждени и через последовательно включенные элемент задержки, триггер управлени , другой вход которого соединен с выходом старшего разр да регистра сдвига, и элемент И, другой вход которого подключен к выходу генератора возбуждени , соединен со вторым входом триггера возбуждени и первым входом делител частоты, второй вход которого подключен к выхолу элемента задержки, третий входко входу управлени устройства, а выход соединен со входом регистра сдвига, подключенного установочным входом к выходу элемента задержки, входы двухвходового сегнётопьезоэлектрического трансформатора исходного значени функции подключены к первому и второму выходам триггера возбуждени , средний вывод соединен с шиной нулевого потенциала, а выход подключен ко входу напр жени пол ризации устройства и первой обкладке дополнительного разделительного конденсатора , - втора обкладка которого и вторые обкладки основных разделительных конденсаторов соединены соответственно со входами первого операционного усилител и интегратора, выход которого подключен ко второму входу второго операционного усилител , а вход обнулени - к выходу элемента задержки.The goal is achieved by the fact that a device for generating functions containing a group of two-input ferroelectric transformers, the average output of each of which is connected to the zero potential bus, and the output is connected to the input of the polarization voltage of the device and to the first operating amplifier , the output of which is connected to the first input of the second operational amplifier, and the excitation generator, the trigger of excitability control trigger, An element, an integrator, a delay element, a frequency divider, a two-input ognetopiezoelectric transformer of the initial value of the function, a group of pairs of elements I, an additional coupling capacitor and a shift register each time. The pd output is connected to the first inputs of the corresponding pair of elements And a group of pairs of elements And connected the second inputs respectively with the first and second outputs of the excitation trigger, and the outputs with the inputs of the respective two-input ferroezoelectric transformers of the group input starting the device is connected to the first input of the excitation trigger and sequentially connected delay element, the control trigger, another input of which is connected to the output of the higher digit of the shift register, and the AND element, whose other input is connected to the output of the excitation generator, is connected to the second input of the excitation trigger and the first input of the frequency divider, the second input of which is connected to the output of the delay element, the third input to the control input of the device, and the output is connected to the input of the shift register connected to the the input to the output of the delay element, the inputs of the two-input power piezoelectric transformer of the initial value of the function are connected to the first and second outputs of the excitation trigger, the middle output is connected to the zero potential bus, and the output is connected to the input of the polarization voltage of the device and the first plate of the additional isolating capacitor is the second the lining of which and the second plates of the main separation capacitors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first operational amplifier and the integrator a, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second operational amplifier, and the zeroing input to the output of the delay element.

На чертеже представлена структурна схема устройства дл генерировани функций.The drawing shows a block diagram of a device for generating functions.

Claims

The device contains a two-input piezoelectric transformer 1 of the initial value of the function and a group of two-input piezoelectric transformers, which are connected to the inputs by outputs (3 polarization voltages and through separation capacitors 4 are connected respectively to the inputs of the first operational amplifier 5 and the integrator 6. The inputs of the two-input piezoelectric transformers 2 are The pairs of elements And 7 are connected to the bit outputs of the shift register 8 and the trigger trigger 9, to the output The inputs of the two-input ferro piezoelectric transformer 1 of the initial value of the function are directly connected. The shift register 8 is connected via frequency divider 10 and element 11 to excitation generator 12. Start input 13 is connected to zero input of trigger 9 and delay element 14 is connected to a single the input of the trigger 15 controls the third input of the frequency divider 10, the setup input of the shift register 8 and the zeroing input of the integrator 6 whose output is connected to the second input of the operational amplifier l 16. 17 is removed from the output apparatus an output signal for generating functions, and the control input 18 serves for controlling the pulse dividing coefficient, arriving at input of the shift register 8 and thus allows to control the magnitude quantization a1rgumenta. Two-input piezoelectric transformers 1 and 2 are identical and consist of an excitation section 19 and a generator section 20, separated by a shielding electrode 21, connected to a zero potential bus, and also contain an output electrode 22 and two equal input 23 electrodes and a compensation 24. Level the polarization and the polarization direction of the generator section 19 of the two-input ferroelectric transformer 1 determines the sign and the value of the output signal of the device at the beginning of generation functions, and two-input ferroelectric transformers 2 - the value of the angle of inclination of the corresponding section of the approximated function and the sign of the derivative of the reproduced segment. The arrows indicate the direction of polarization of the excitation section 20 and the generator section 19 ensuring the generation of positive polarity pulses at the outputs of transformers. The first operational amplifier 5 amplifies the output pulses of the voltage of a two-input ferroelectric transformer 1 and converts them into a constant voltage at the amplitude level. The integrator B is an operational amplifier operating in the integration mode, and its output signal upon receipt of voltage pulses at the input varies according to a stepwise linear law, which allows one to simulate functions approximated by a piecewise linear method. The device for generating functions operates as follows. In the initial state, the control trigger 15 is in the zero position, the shift register 8 is reset, the voltage pulses to the inputs of the piezoelectric transformers are not received and therefore the voltage at the output 17 of the device is absent. The start of operation is determined by a trigger pulse at input 13 which sets the trigger 9 to the zero position, the frequency divider 10 will start up, the integrator .6 will prepare for operation (it will discharge the feedback circuit capacitor), write the unit to the lower bit shift register 8 and sets the trigger 15 to control the single state. As a consequence, the pulses of the generator 12 excitation arrive through the element And on the frequency divider 10 and the counting input of the trigger 9 of the excitation and, since at the initial moment the excitation pulses do not enter the inputs of the transformer 1 and 2, then the output 17 of the second operational amplifier 16 will have a total sigNss: constant voltage of the initial value of the function and step-changing voltage of the first linear segment. The first pulse appearing at the output of the frequency divider 10 shifts the unit to the second bit of the shift register 8 and a non-piezoelectric transformer 2 is connected to reproduce the second linear segment. The reproduction of the subsequent segments coincides with the regular installation of the older triggers of the shift register 8 into one state. The process of reproducing functions ends when the shift register is reset. In this case, by resetting the voltage from a high voltage level to a low one at the output of the most senior trigger of the register 8, the control trigger 15 is set to the zero state, stopping the flow of pulses both to the counting input of the drive trigger 9 and to the input of the frequency divider 10. To re-simulate the function, it is necessary to send a start pulse to the input 13. Due to the successive arrival of pulses in time, the loop-to-inputs to the inputs of the two-input piezoelectric transformers 1 and 2, it is possible to significantly increase the frequency of the excitation pulses. And this, in turn, leads to the fact that the step-varying voltage at the output of the integrator 7 will be closer to the linearly transforming voltage. In addition, due to the change in the information received at the control input 18 of the frequency delimiter 10, the frequency division factor of the pulses is adjusted, i.e. the number of pulses of excitation arriving at the input of the ferroelectric transformers 2 varies, and at the same time, non-uniform quantization of the argument is provided. All noted allows hardware to more precisely provide piecewise linear approximation, and at the same time - exactness of reproduction of functions. Using the proposed device for generating control trigger functions, excitation pulse trigger, AND element, frequency divider, shift register, integrator, AND group of pairs of elements, a two-input piezoelectric transformer of the initial value of the function, and a group of two-input ferroelectric transformers, thus compensate for the ringing-type noise. , reduce the error approximation function. This is also facilitated by the possibility of technical realization in the proposed device of non-uniform quantization of the argument by controlling the frequency coefficient. It is necessary to point out the wide functionality of the proposed device: it allows reproducing a wide class of functions. The device is implemented on. elements of integrated design. Claims An apparatus for generating functions comprising a group of two-input ferro piezoelectric transformers, the average output of each of which is connected to the zero potential bus, and the output connected to the input of the polarization voltage of the device and to the first plate of the corresponding-. dividing capacitor, the first operational amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second operational amplifier, and the excitation generator, about tl and h