SU831219A2 - Pneumatic classifier for separating loose materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and more particularly to a device for the separation of bulk materials, such as grain using a gas stream.

According to the main author. St. № ⁵ 692 638 is known a pneumatic classifier bulk materials, comprising a housing divided into a number of sections, each of which consists of an air channel connected through an adapter ¹⁰ with osadi- tion chamber.

The air channels of the classifier are installed at the same level sequentially along the movement of the material being sibling, located on an infinite ¹⁵ perforated tape, while the lower level of the precipitation chambers is behind the tape along the depth of the classifier and below it. At the junction. Each adapter with a receiver has a gate for individually controlling the air flow in the sections aspirated by a fan, which is connected through a pipe to the receiver. An additional gate is installed in the nozzle.

However, the constructive relative position of the precipitation chamber and the air channel in each of the sections of this device creates a number of difficulties associated with the maintenance and adjustment of the technological regime for the classification of grain material. The reason for this drawback is the spatial gap in the technological separation process in the channel located above the endless belt and not observed by the operator, and the result of separation in the form of fractions of the material in the precipitation chamber.

The purpose of the invention is the improvement of the operating conditions of the classifier.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the precipitation chamber of each section of the classifier is located above the perforated tape next to the corresponding air channel, and the suction pipe of the fan is connected through the receiver to the precipitation chambers by chute slopes.

The housing of the air channels and precipitation chambers have syotroic windows. ₅

In FIG. 1 shows the classifier general view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1.

The pneumatic classifier contains a housing 1, divided by a partition 2 into a series of sections 3, each of which includes an air channel 4 and a precipitation chamber 5. The latter are separated from each other by a partition 6, which protrudes into an adapter 7 in the upper 15 part, the lower wall of which 8 made in the form of a chute descent in the precipitation chamber 5. At the junction of the adapters 7 sections 3 with a receiver 9, a gate 10 is installed, which serves to control the air flow rate in the channels 4 of the classifier aspirated by a fan! 1. The fan 1I is connected to the receiver 9 through a nozzle 12 having a gate 13. For the purpose of uniformly distributing the air flow in sections 3, a leveling grid 14 is installed in the receiver 9. An infinite perforated 30 tape 15 equipped with a hopper 16 is installed under successive channels 4 and drive 17, allowing, if necessary, to change the speed of its linear movement. In the lower part of each of the precipitation chambers 5 there are 35 retractable shutters 18 and a guide ramp 19, the angle of inclination of which is greater than the angle of repose of the material being processed and is about 45 ° to the horizontal. 40 The damper and the guide are used to remove the deposited material from the chambers 5, the amount of which is visually observed, due to the front wall 20 being made of a device made of transparent ⁴⁵ material, for example g organic glass. For ease of maintenance, precipitation chambers can be illuminated from the inside.

" fifty

The arrows of the solid line indicate the direction of motion of the separated material and its components, and the dashed lines indicate the movement of the air flow. ₅₅

The classifier works as follows.

Grain from the hopper-feeder 16 enters the moving belt 15, which moves to the channels 4 of section 3. At the same time, air is passed through the belt 15 and channels 4 with speeds set for each section by 3 gates 10. Particles of material with a separating medium are brought into a gushing or boiling the state and depending on the speed of the air flow from the total mass of the material, its fractions are separated, which rise along the channels 4 and precipitate in the adapters 7. On the chute descent of 8 adapters 7, the particles roll and fall into the corresponding s settling chambers 5. After separation of fractions derived from camera 5 flap extension 18 along the guide sloping board 19.Vozdushny stream freed of raised material particles in the adapters 7, misses. further into the receiver 9. Passing through the grid 14, the stream aligns its structure and is partially cleared of the lightest components of the material. The quantitative content of the corresponding fractions in the precipitation chambers 5 determines the nature of the change in the histogram observed visually, due to the implementation of the front wall 3 of a transparent material, such as organic glass.

Due to the location of the precipitation chambers at the same level (above the tape with the corresponding air channels) and separated only by partitions, as well as when the front wall of the sections is made of transparent material, convenient visual observation of the technical process of separation in the channels and the result of this separation in the precipitation chambers is provided. The separation result determines the type of histogram formed from the deposited components in the chambers. These changes make it possible to improve the conditions of maintenance and adjustment of the pneumatic classifier to the regime of the highest quality separation, which is very important for grain grading in classy with varying properties.

physical and mechanical

The execution of the precipitation chamber in the section above the endless belt near the channel, allows to simultaneously reduce the size, metal content of the classifier and contributes to the compactness of the device,

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Claims (2)

(54) PNEUMATIC CLASSIFIER OF BULK MATERIALS 3 suction side the fan nozzle is connected through a receiver to the precipitation chambers with chute slopes. The rain channel trunks and precipitator of the 1st chambers have somotrovye windows. FIG. shows the classifier general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. . The pneumatic classifier comprises a housing 1 divided by partitions 2 into a series of sections 3, each of which includes an air duct 4 and a settling chamber 5. The latter are divided from each other by a partition 6 protruding into the adapter 7 in the upper part, the wall 8 of which is made in the form of a tray descent in the precipitating chamber 5. At the junction of the adapters 7 sections 3 with the receiver 9, there is installed a gate 10, which serves to control the air flow in the channels 4 of the classifier aspirated by the fan 1. The fan 11 is connected to the receiver 9 through a nozzle 12 having a gate 13. In order to evenly distribute the air flow through sections 3, a leveling grid 4 is installed in the spring 9. Under successive channels 4, an endless perforated tape 15 is installed, equipped with a feeder hopper 16 and a drive 17, allowing, if necessary, change the speed of its linear movement. In the lower part of each of the precipitation chambers 5 there are retractable dampers 18 and a guide skid board 19, the angle of which the more naturally natural slope of the slope of the material being processed is about to the horizontal. The flap and guide serve for taking out of the deposited material chambers 5, the amount of which is observed visually, thanks to the construction of the front wall 20 of a transparent material, for example, from organic glass. For convenience of maintenance, the precipitation chambers may be illuminated from the inside. The arrows of the solid line indicate the direction of movement of the material to be separated and its components, and the dotted lines indicate the movement of the air flow. Classifier works as follows. The grain from the hopper feeder 16 is fed to the moving belt 15, which 94 moves to the channels 4 of section 3. At the same time, air is passed through the belt 15 and channels 4 at speeds set for each section 3 by the gates 10, Particles of material separating the drive medium Depending on the speed of the air flow, fractions of the total mass of the material are released into the spouting or boiling state, which rise through channels 4 and precipitate in the adapters 7. In the tray descent 8 of the adapters 7, the particles roll down and fall into 5. After separation vuyuschie output fraction of settling chambers are chambers 5 vschvizheniem flap 18 along the guide sloping board 19.Vozdushny stream freed from particles of raised material in the adapters 7, misses. further into the receiver 9. The passage through the grid 14, the flow aligns its structure and is partially cleaned from the lightest components of the material. The quantitative content of the corresponding fractions in the precipitation chambers 5 determines the nature of the change in the histogram that is observed visually, thanks to the front wall 3 made of a transparent material, such as organic glass. Due to the location of the xixix precipitator chambers on the same level (above the tape with the corresponding air channels and separated only by partitions), as well as when performing the front wall of the sections of transparent material, convenient visual observation of the technical process of separation in the boxes and the result of this separation in the precipitation chambers is provided. separation determines the type of histogram formed from the deposited components in the chambers. These changes allow to improve the conditions of the cell and the settings The classification of the grain mixture with physicomechanical properties is very important when classifying a grain mixture with varying physicomechanical properties, which makes it very important to reduce the size and intensity of the classifier and contributes to the compactness of the device. 1. Pneumatic classifier for the separation of bulk materials according to ed. .sv. No. 692638, characterized in that, in order to improve the operating conditions of the classifier, the settling chamber of each section of the classifier is located above the perforated tape next to the corresponding air channel, and the ica 96 fan outlet pipe is connected through the receiver to the precipitation chambers by tray descents. 2. A classifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hulls are air. Channels and precipitation chambers have viewing windows. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 692638, cl. On 07 On 4/08, 1977 .. t I t t  6 -five It it Fiá.1 U 7 1