SU829210A1 - Granular material dedusting method - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF SPRAYING GRAINED MATERIALS

one

The invention relates to the production of nonmetallic building materials and can be used in crushing and screening plants, as well as in various sectors of the national economy, where dust removal of granular materials is necessary.

The process of cleaning granular materials from dust impurities in the air flow is carried out with direct, countercurrent or transverse movement of the material relative to the air jets, and it is based on the use of gravitational and aerodynamic or material properties such as the specific gravity, size and shape of particles. However, all known methods & n turn out to be effective only in the ideal case — with a smooth performance and low moisture content of the granular material, when the adhesion forces between the particles of the material being processed are absent. When crushing the rock mass on the rubble, there is a redistribution of humidity between particles of different size, small crushing products get more moisture, coarse - less, the thinnest crushing products have the greatest moisture.

Those. dust particles, which in the process of processing the rock mass intensively stick to the surface of large grains. A simple in-house cleaning of such a heterogeneous mixture of crushing products practically does not ensure the quality of the finished product according to the content of dust impurities in accordance with the requirements of standards for aggregates. Therefore, various methods of dynamic action and granular matter are used in cleaning or classifying materials.

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Known methods of scattering the material over the entire cross section of the air flow 1, agitating the layer of material, rubbing dust particles from the surface of large grains, vibrating the layer

0 material 2,

An additional dynsmichnoe impact on the processed material increases the degree of purification, but does not provide the necessary completeness

5 separation of adhering dust particles from coarse grains, since the inertia force of the dust particle arising from the impact of the granular material on the obstacle is much less

0 adhesive force between

adhering dust particle and coarse grain grains.

Methods are known in which the material to be classified is blown with hot air, i.e., the material being dried is dried before the air classification in the boiling layer is powdered with dry dust 4,

However, dried materials, like dusting, also present a new technological process aimed at changing the physical and mechanical properties of the material being processed before air cleaning, and therefore the use of these methods under production conditions will lead to high energy costs for heating, drying and dusting. dust etc.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is an air separation method consisting in separating the material in an upward air flow and separating the sound flow of air in the sonic or ultrasonic range. The method is implemented in a recirculating type screen separator in which sound generators are installed. ultrasonic waves in the range of 200 - 100 kHz 5,

The disadvantage of this method is the incomplete separation of dust particles from the granular material, since the residence time of a particle of material in the ultrasonic field of the separator is insignificant; on the other hand, an increase in the residence time of particles of the material being cleaned in a sound or ultrasonic field drastically reduces performance

 equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of cleaning the grains from adhering dust particles.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the process of material separation in the upward air flow, the material being cleaned is additionally affected by shock waves in the direction of the air flow.

The method is carried out in a cleaning apparatus chamber, where granular material is fed through the charging unit, which is blown by the air flow. At the same time, the fuel and the oxidizer are fed into the pulse chamber, and the resulting mixture is ignited. The shock wave generated during the instantaneous combustion of fuel in a closed chamber at high speeds of up to 1000 m / s propagates through the waveguides into the chamber of the cleaning apparatus, acts on the dust particles stuck to the surface of the grains, and opens them. The air flow is. -D-grabs the dust particles and out of the apparatus.

The frequency of the shock wave pulses is regulated by the ignition unit, the fuel supply mode.

FIG. 1 and 2 schematically shows the devices that implement the proposed method.

The granular material is fed to the shaft unit 1, in which the cleaning process is carried out. Exhaust air is discharged through exhaust manifold 2. Shock waves are generated in impulse chamber 3 and propagate through waveguide systems 4 into the ameri of the apparatus to be cleaned.

The mine apparatus has a suction nozzle 5, loading 6 and unloading 7 devices, pouring shelves 8 and pouring louvred chutes 9 installed between the pouring shelves on the opposite side of the apparatus. Under the pouring shelves, there are suckers 10 connecting the shaft of the apparatus with the exhaust manifold 2. Waveguides 4 are installed under the louvered chutes, connecting the shaft apparatus 1 with a pulse chamber 3. Pulse chamber

3 is a combustible chamber with fuel lines 11 and oxidizer 12 connected to it, a blender 13, on which a candle 14 is mounted, connected to a block

15 ignition.

In a horizontal apparatus, the method is carried out in a dedusting apparatus 16 with an inclined perforated deck 17, above which are installed separators 18 with inlet 19 and: EXHAUST1 20 air collectors. The conduits of pulsed yamers 3 are connected to the horizontal wall of the inlet apparatus 19.

In order to control the quality of dust cleaning of the granular material, each waveguide connected to the cleaning apparatus can be connected to an autonomous pulse chamber.

The advantage of this method is that the pressure of the shock wave front is significantly higher than the pressure of the sound or ultrasonic wave.

The front pressure of an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 100 kHz is no more than 70 N / m, and the shock front pressure is 300-500 N / m. The effectiveness of the cleaning effect of the shock wave on the material is greatly increased.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of supplying granular materials, which consists in separating the material in the upward air stream 65, when exposed to wave waves.