SU1755917A1 - Centrifugal reflecting crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: for crushing wet lump materials, including those significantly contaminated by fine particles. The essence of the invention: consists in increasing the selectivity of crushing and ensuring reliable operation when crushing wet materials. The centrifugally reflective crusher contains a cylindrical body 1. within which, on a vertical shaft 12, is located

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials industry, mining, coal, chemical industry and can be used for crushing wet lump materials, including those that are significantly contaminated by fine particles.

Known centrifugal-reflective crusher, comprising a housing, inside of which there is a rotor with accelerating blades mounted on a vertical shaft, and reflective plates located around the circumference of the housing at an angle to the axis of the vertical shaft in the direction of material unloading

However, in this apparatus, the process of crushing large particles occurs once, as the products of crushing, flying away from the fender plates, are sent to the crusher discharge pipe. Wet materials due to their low flowability are not satisfactorily transported from the apparatus, which leads to a violation of its stable operation. The presence of fine particles in the starting material leads to their overgrinding. Thus, the resulting crushed material has a fairly wide range of size.

The closest in technical essence and effect achieved to the claimed is a central reflective crusher comprising a housing with baffle plates, a rotor consisting of a vertical shaft with a disk divided into sectors by accelerating blades, each disk sector being inclined to the shaft inclined radial direction

This structure does not provide stable continuous operation when crushing wet materials, leads to significant overmilling of the material due to

counting of small particles into the grinding zone

The aim of the invention is to increase the crushing selectivity, as well as to ensure the reliability of operation when crushing wet materials.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a centrifugal reflector crusher,

equipped with nozzle elements, a dust-air mixture and a supply of atmospheric air, a feed pipe, the supply pipe is connected in the upper part with a dust-gas mixture outlet pipe, and

the lower part is made with a socket, with a loading cone mounted coaxially with it above the acceleration disk. The loading cone is made with a diameter equal to the diameter of the central supply pipe.

The crusher allows to combine the processes of drying, dedusting and crushing in one apparatus and, thereby, to ensure the effective crushing of wet materials.

The presence of nozzle openings in the central feed tube makes it possible to gas jet the material entering the crushing, as a result of which disaggregation occurs,

preliminary softening and grinding of the material in the collision of particles accelerated by gas jets. The gas jets are directed perpendicularly to the main gas flow in the feed pipe, which, in turn, moves in countercurrent with the material to be ground. Particles of conditional material that are in the source material are separated from the latter in the feed pipe and removed from the apparatus without being crushed.

After heat treatment in the feed pipe, the material enters the acceleration disk in a dried state, with good flowability, due to which, after destruction, it is reliably transported from the crusher through self-flow.

The drawing shows a general view of a centrifugal reflector crusher.

The centrifugal reflection crusher contains a cylindrical body 1, a loading device for the source material (MI) 2, mounted on the exhaust pipe of the dust-air mixture (B + M) 3, the central feed pipe 4, equipped with nozzle elements 5 and ending with a socket b, which serves the bottom of the annular collector 7 formed by the walls of the housing 1 and the supply pipe 4. In the upper part, the annular collector has a supply pipe for the drying agent (B + t) 8. Under the feeding pipe 4 coaxially with it is placed the loading cone 9, and around the circumference The housings 1 are equipped with reflective plates 10. Inside the housing 1 there is an accelerating disk 11 on a vertical shaft 12 driven by an electric motor 13. In the lower part, the crusher casing 1 is equipped with an atmospheric air inlet pipe (B) 14 and ends with an inclined bottom 15c with a discharge pipe crushed - material 16.

Crusher works as follows.

The original material through the loading device 2 enters the central supply pipe4. Through the pipe 14, air is introduced into the lower part of the apparatus, which is sucked through the feed pipe 4 from bottom to top to form an upward flow in it. The source material, while moving towards the air flow, is processed by transverse jets of hot gas emanating from the nozzle elements 5. Under the action of high-intensity gas jets, the material is disaggregated, dried, softened and partially crushed when the particle collides. Fine particles are picked up by the upward flow of gas and removed from the crusher through the exhaust pipe of dust-air mixture 3, and large particles are poured from the feed pipe 4 into the charging cone 9 and flow into the central part of the acceleration disk 11 equipped with accelerating blades (not shown in Fig. 1). ). The passage from the center to the periphery of the rotating accelerating disk 11, the particles of the material under the action of centrifugal forces are accelerated and fly out of the channel of the accelerating disk 11. At this, the particle trajectory is not in a strictly horizontal plane, but due to the shape of the accelerating disk 11 it has tilt angle to the horizontal. After hitting the fenders 10, the material particles break up, some of them are dumped onto the inclined bottom 15 and removed from the crusher through the nozzle 16, some again return to the acceleration disk 11 and it is subjected to repeated strikes against the baffle plates 10, and the thinnest particles of the crushed material are carried away by the ascending air flow. The dust-gas stream leaving the nozzle 3 is dedusted, for example, in two stages: first in a cyclone and then in a wet-cleaning unit. By varying the speed of the motor 13, it is possible to change the size of the crushed product, i.e. degree of crushing.

To control the size of the material exiting through the nozzle 3, it is sufficient to change the flow rate of the gas passing through the central supply pipe 4.

In the case of pilot plants of the Uralkali software, a center-reflective crusher was tested with an estimated capacity of 5 t / h. Crusher dimensions: diameter 0.7 m; height 2.0 m; the inner diameter of the supply pipe is 0.3 m, the height of the pipe is 0.7 m. The speed of the gas jet coming out of the nozzle elements was maintained within 60-100 m / s, the gas temperature was 400-600 ° C.

Crushing was subjected to sylvinite ore with a mass fraction of moisture 2%.

The results of crushing are presented in table 1.

The calculation of the mass fraction of a particle size from 0.1 to 1.0 mm (the sylvinite ore class, which is most efficiently flooded and electroseparated) in the total crushing product is calculated by the formula

Y + o, 1 -1.0) V & - (where G is the mass fraction of the class from 0.1 to 1.0 mm in the discharge of the crusher, the proportion of units;

yk - product yield in crusher unloading,%;

 mass fraction of the class from 0.1 to 1.0 mm in the dust fraction, the proportion of units;

mind-yield of dust fraction,%.

y + 01 4-1, 659-1-400,537 68.2%.

We calculate the mass fraction of the class in size from 0.1 to 1.0 mm in the total crushing product (unloading of the crusher and dust fraction).

y + 014-i, o 91.9 0.664 + 810.298 64.4%.

Comparison of the results indicates a greater selectivity of the crushing process on the crusher for the required narrow size class.

In addition, the crusher ensures reliable continuous operation when crushing wet sylvinite ores, and the prototype is only periodic, which was experimentally confirmed in the case of the Uralkali pilot plants.

The crusher will be used in the ore preparation stage before electrostatic enrichment of sylvinite ores. The crusher will provide crushing of the initial ore with a particle size from 0 to 5 mm to a final particle size of 1.5-2 mm, drying and partial dedusting of the ore in the class of 0.2 mm

Claims (2)

Claims 1. A centrifugal reflector crusher comprising a cylindrical body inside of which there is an accelerating disk mounted on a vertical shaft and reflective plates located around the circumference of the body, supplying the pipe with loading and unloading nozzles, so that, in order to increase the selectivity of crushing, as well as to ensure reliability in operation when crushing wet materials, the crusher is equipped with nozzle elements, nozzles for supplying the drying agent and atmospheric air and removing the dust-air mixture, the supply pipe being in contact with the outlet nozzle in the upper part ylegazovoy mixture, while the lower part is provided with a bell, the above booster disk coaxially with inlet cone mounted. 2. A crusher according to claim 1, wherein that the loading cone is made with a diameter equal to the diameter of the central supply pipe. Table 1 The results of the crushing of sylvinite ore BKPRU-2 on the crusher at rpm table 2 The results of the crushing of sylvinite ore BKPRU-2 on the prototype of the proposed crusher at rpm