SU808076A1 - Method of obtaining plant growth stimulator from peat - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR PRODUCING PLANT GROWTH PLANTS FROM PEAT

destruction with the formation of salts of water-soluble organic acids in the hen environment, possessing the properties of physiological activity.

The ozone used as the main oxidizing agent allows one to achieve the developed destruction of the high molecular weight components of the organic matter of the peat and to obtain lower molecular weight soluble substances, which are physiologically active components. The mild temperature conditions thus allow the reaction to be directed, using ozone as an oxidizing agent, specific selectivity, expressed in a primary attack at the double bond site. This leads to the loosening of the structure of the high molecular complex due to the rupture of aromatic condensed systems.

Low temperature conditions also exclude the destruction of low molecular weight substances of the initial complex, which determines the high physiological activity of the resulting preparations, oxygenates. The latter makes it possible to use a residual process scheme using the entire reaction mass as the final product. In addition, the high oxidative capacity of ozone allows the processing of peat of any degree of metamorphism.

Upon completion of the oxidation process, the reaction mass is discharged, diluted with water to a predetermined concentration (from 0.01 to 0.0001%), depending on the treated crops.

To obtain a more transportable product, the reaction mass

filtered, the filtrate is acidified to a pH of 1.2-2.0, the precipitated crystals of organic acids are washed to pH 6.5-7.0 and dried to a moisture content of 20-25% at 50-60 ° C.

The products of peat oxidation by ozone consist of a mixture of water-soluble organic acids with physiological activity.

IR spectroscopic data indicate the saturation of these substances with oxygen-containing functional groups, carboxyl (COOH) and hydroxyl (OH), which are characterized by pronounced physiological activity. The results of analyzes and further tests show that the physiological activity depends on the ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups, and the maximum value of their ratio coincides with the maximum physiological activity of the preparation.

Example. 200 g of dry fine ground peat is mixed with 2 l of 0.2 n sodium hydroxide solution, while the peat: alkali: water ratio is 1: 0.1: 10. The suspension is subjected to oxidation with an ozone-air mixture with a flow rate of 2.8 l / min and an ozone content in the blast of 4% at 10–20 ° C for 1580 minutes. The effect of the oxidation time on the yield of physiologically active substances (the flow rate of blow 2.8 l / min; the ozone content in the blast, 4%) is shown in Table. 1, the effect of the oxidation temperature (oxidation time 25 min; flow rate 2.8 l / min, ozone in the blast 4%) - in table. 2

Table 1

0.86 1.20 1.39 1.46 1.54

1.3 1.41 1.25 1.25

From the table below; 1 data shows that the maximum yield of substances with physiological activity is observed with the duration of oxidation from 15 to 80 minutes. In this time interval, the organic matter of peat is rather deeply decomposed with the formation of products of an acidic nature, which is also indicated by the ratio of oxygen-containing carboxyl and hydroxyl functional: s groups. Maximum content

From the table. 2 data shows that the maximum yield of organic substances with physiological activity is observed at 10-20 ° C. With increasing temperature, the oxidation reaction slows down due to the fact that with increasing temperature, ozone decomposition accelerates and its solubility in the vodka phase decreases, i.e. snih his concentration. This As can be seen from the data in the table, the yield of organic acids (55%) is observed at a pressure of 10 atm and a duration of 120 min. The method involves strict conditions - high temperature and pressure, which requires special

active substances 56.1% corresponds to the highest value of the ratio of these groups 1.54 and the highest value of the coefficient of physiological activity 2.04 (Table 3).

With an increase in the duration of the oxidation, the process is no longer characterized by the accumulation, but by the decomposition of substances of an acidic character into substances with a low molecular weight and a decrease in physiological activity (experiments 8-9).

table 2

in turn, reduces the degree of degradation of organic matter of peat and the yield of acidic products, as evidenced by the decrease in the ratio of carboxyl to hydroxyl groups (experiments 14-16).

For comparison, table. 3 presents the data on the yield of organic acids obtained by the known

way.

The hardware table also complicates the whole process. The experimental data of the proposed method (Table 1 and 2) indicate that the maximum yield of acids (56.1%) is observed at 15 ° C and the duration

25 minutes, and a yield of 54.3% for IS and a duration of 15 minutes.

It has been established by biological tests that the physiological activity of the preparations obtained in this method, oxyhumats, is most pronounced in stimulating the development of the root system of plants, which ultimately has a beneficial effect on the whole cycle of plant development and thus increases the yield,

Experiments on the germination of seed seeds of cucumber varieties Klinsky were developed under laboratory conditions using the standard procedure. Seeds are treated with a physiological solution.

The data table. 4 show that seeds treated with a stimulating drug produce seedlings with a greater mass and volume of roots. Optimal results were obtained with 10-2C C (experiments 12-13) and an oxidation time of 15-80 minutes (experiments 4-7). Preparations obtained under these regimes possess the highest coefficient of physiological activity.

Production verification data is confirmed by laboratory studies, and experiments were carried out on the treatment of seeds of Klinsky variety mulberry produce with test 5 with a concentration of 0.01%. The yield increase is 18%.

active preparation obtained with different modes of oxidation. The concentration of the drug is 0.01%. In the control experiment, the seeds were treated with water. The number of treated seeds is 100 pcs., The experiment is repeated three times.

The result of biometric measurements are given in table. four.

The action of the drug is expressed by the coefficient of physiological activity

to have

 () -5o

where m is the mass of the roots,% of the control; V volume of roots,% of control.

Table 4

Experiments were also carried out on irrigation of seedlings at the root in the phase of bloom. So, the Moscow variety cucumbers gave a yield increase of 31%, the Revermun variety tomatoes - l7%. When watering the preparation of cuttings of chrysanthemums of Excel and Tsarevna Swan varieties, they soon increased their yield by 12-20%.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula A method for producing a plant growth stimulator from peat, including oxidation of a peach-alkaline suspension of peat, and with the fact that, in order to simplify the process, peat-peptide suspension is oxidized by ozone at 10-20 seconds for 15 -80 min. "Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 1428: 6, cl. A 01 N S / 00. 1961. 2. USSR author's certificate 614782, cl. And 01 N 5/00 1976 (prototype).