SU765342A1 - Cutting fluid for cold pressure-treatment of metals - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to lubricating coolants (coolant) for metal processing and can be used in the processes of cold forging and pressing of products from aluminum alloys, during cold rolling and drawing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. For cold deformation of metals, technological lubricants in the form of aqueous emulsions on an oil basis with the addition of emulsifiers based on surfactants 1, 2 are used. As emulsifiers for coolant-cooling fluids, amines or amino alcohols and organic acids C3 or non-ionic are widely used surfactants - oxyethylated dinene compounds: phenols, alkylphenols, fatty acids, amines 4. Sulfate emulsifiers can also be used 5. However, known coolant is not always about According to the quality of the surface to be treated. The composition closest to the coolant required is NGL-205 b emulsol containing, in wt.%: 68 12 0.5 Mineral oil Sodium sulfonate Sodium nitrite 0.5 Trisodium phosphate 5.0 Calcined soda Remaining Water up to 100 The disadvantages of the known coolant for cold treatment of metals are low lubricating and washing efficiency, as well as low antibacterial properties. The object of the present invention is to increase the lubricity and anti-bactericidal properties of the coolant, and in addition, to increase the detergency and aggregative stability. This is achieved by the fact that a coolant based on an aqueous emulsion of sulfated mineral oil, sodium nitrite, trisodium phosphate and soda ash additionally contains mineral oil, high molecular weight alkyl sulfates, ammonium salt of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids and chlorinated paraffin

in the following ratio of components, wt.%

Sulfonated mineral oil 6.4-8.5 Sodium nitrite 0.1-0.25 Trisodium phosphate 0.1-0.2 Calcined

soda0,4-0,6

Mineral

maslo10,0-13,5

High molecular weight

alkyl sulfates 2,5-3,5

Ammonium salt

oleic acid 1,2-1,6

Polyethylene glycol fatty esters

acids 0.7-2.7

Chlorinated

paraffin 0.5-2.0

WaterEverything

up to 100

Improving the lubricating efficiency of emulsifying ability and aggregative stability of highly concentrated coolant due to the introduction of a combination of anion-active emulsifiers in the form of alkyl sulphates and non-ionic emulsifiers in the form of polyethylene glycol ethers of fatty acids.

The use of high molecular weight alkyl sulfates is determined by the fact that in their surface-active and detergent properties, especially when used in hard water, they significantly exceed the action of alkyl sulfonates.

As alkyl sulfates, for example, sulphated alcohols of sperm fat or sulphated fish oil, or sulphonated castor oil can be used.

The salt of oleic acid reduces the soot on the products during their interoperational roasting, which not only improves the surface quality of the products, but also reduces the scrap rate in subsequent operations.

Polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids have a high detergency, help to remove wear products from the surface of the products with the cooling medium.

In addition, the polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters contained in this composition simultaneously affect the viscosity properties of the coolant, which makes it possible to obtain a cutting fluid with the required viscosity.

Chlorinated paraffin is introduced as antiwear and extreme pressure additives, which increases the lubricating efficiency of the coolant.,

The presence of chlorinated paraffin chemically interacting with the metal in the cutting fluid makes it possible to increase the resistance of the lubricant film to high pressures and thus achieve.

high surface finish of finished products. At the same time, chlorinated paraffin enhances the antibacterial properties of the composition.

The proposed cooling lubricant is prepared in the following sequence by initially preparing a concentrated emulsol by simply mixing the components at a temperature of 20-40 ° C and vigorous stirring.

After receiving the concentrated emulso with continuous stirring, cold water is poured into it in a small stream, bringing the cream to the consistency of thick sour cream, after which the rest of the water is added.

In this way, a cooling fluid containing 2025% of the oil phase is obtained.

The ratio and concentration of the components in the coolant fluid may vary depending on the conditions of the deformation process and the requirements for the finished product.

Five types of compositions of these components were investigated. The composition of the studied coolant fluids are given in table. one.

The tests were carried out with deep-drawing aluminum pipes on Gretener pipe presses. The proposed lubricating coolants were tested in comparison with the known

The test results of coolant fluids are given in table. 2..

; A comparative analysis of the data obtained shows that, in the proposed coolant, the best criteria for the qualitative assessment of coolant are achieved in the case of the complex use of high molecular weight alkyl sulfates and fatty acid glycol ethers (Table 2, Example 1-3). In the case when the oil concentrate of surfactants contains only high molecular weight alkyl sulfates or only polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, the biological and aggregate stability of emulsions is significantly reduced (Table 2, Example 4 and 5),

Lubricant; the effectiveness of these cutting fluids is also significantly lower.

Thus, the proposed cooling lubricant has enhanced lubricating properties, as evidenced by a decrease in stretching forces from 32 to 24 tons, high biological stability after 35 days of using the proposed lubricant cooling liquid exhibits no signs of biodegradation, while in the well-known cooling lubricant after 25 days of use, signs of biodegradation appear. The washing properties increase, which is characterized by an increase in the coefficient of washing efficiency. The aggregative stability of the proposed cooling fluid increases, as evidenced by a sharp decrease in the concentration of cream in the volume of the emulsion and the absence of an oil layer.

The use of the proposed cutting fluid with an increased service life in comparison with the known ones allows improving the surface quality of finished products, reducing the scrap rate of finished products and improving working conditions.

Table 1

Composition, wt.%

Claims (6)

.. Table 2 Formula of the Invention Lubricating coolant liquid for cold processing of metgitshov pressure based on an aqueous emulsion of sulphated mineral oil, sodium nitrite, trisodium phosphate and soda ash, which is designed to increase lubricity and antibacterial fluid properties, it additionally contains low molecular weight, high molecular weight alkyl sulfate ammonium salt of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol fatty acid eff and chlorinated paraffin in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Sulfated mineral oil 6.4-8.5 Sodium nitrite 0.1-0.25 Trisodium phosphate 0.1-0.2 Calcined soda0.4-0.6 Mineral oil 10-13.5 High molecular weight alkyl sulfates 2.5-3.5 28 Ammonium salt of oleic acid 1.2-1.6 Polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters 0.7-2.7.7 {paraffin 0.5-2.0 rest; Water Receiving 100 Sources of information accepted into account when examining 1.Brudy A.P., Tilik V.T. Technological lubricants in the rolling industry, M., Metallurgi, 1975, p. 275-303. 2. Authors certificate of the USSR 192332, cl. C 10 M 3/14, 1965. 3. US patent number 3726799, cl. C 10 M 1/06, published. 1973. 4. If UK Patent. 1411654, cl. C 10 M 1/26, published. 197. 5. USSR author's certificate 173369, cl. C 10 M 3/26, 1965. 6. Kurchik N.N. et al. Lubricants for obra, metal cutting, M., Himi, 1972, p. 136-137 (prototype).