RU2228950C2 - Metal machining-destined lubricating fluid concentrate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: special-destination fluids. SUBSTANCE: mineral oil-based lubricating fluid concentrate especially designed for blade working of steels contains 4.5-21% oleic acid, 3-11% triethanolamine, and 0.2-0.5% water, oleic acid-to-triethanolamine ratio being 1.50-1.90 and ratio of mineral oil to sum of oleic acid and triethanolamine 2.2-8.9. EFFECT: widened application area, improved quality of treated parts, increased storage stability of concentrate and stability of emulsions prepared therefrom. 6 tbl

Description

The invention relates to cutting fluids (coolant) used in the machining of metals, in particular for abrasive and blade processing of steels.

A known concentrate of a water-based emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals containing mineral oil, oleic acid, triethanolamine, a condensation product of dimethyl urea with monoethanolamine, polyethylene glycol alkyl ether, hydroquinone and water in the following ratio, wt.%:

Viscous Mineral Oil

12-30 cSt at 50 ° C 40-60

Oleic acid 6-10

Triethanolamine 5-7

Dimethyl Urea Condensation Product

with monoethanolamine 5-9

Polyethylene glycol alkylphenyl ether 0.3-0.9

Hydroquinone 0.015-0.025

Water Else

(Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2133261 IPC C 10 M 173/00, publication July 20, 1999).

A disadvantage of the known concentrate is that it is multicomponent and, therefore, not technological in preparation, contains a lot of water, therefore, the concentrate may be unstable during storage and transportation, intended for narrow application.

Also known is a concentrate of an aqueous emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals, containing oleic acid, triethanolamine, ethylene glycol, potassium hydroxide, the additive LZ-23K, dewaxed mineral oil in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

Oleic acid 9-11

Triethanolamine 2-4

Ethylene Glycol 2-4

Potassium hydroxide 0.5-1.5

Additive LZ-23K 0.5-1.5

Deparaffined Mineral Oil

(Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2123516 IPC C 10 M 173/00, publication 20.12.98).

A disadvantage of the known concentrate is that, being a lubricant, it is not intended for the preparation of emulsions for machining metals and, therefore, does not form stable emulsions in water.

Also known is a concentrate of a water-based emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals, containing the product of interaction in the environment of mineral oil and alkanolamine glycol with oleic acid or its mixture with vegetable oil, polyoxyethylated alkyl phenol with 4-6 hydroxyethyl groups, phenylcarbinol or petroleum sulfonate, boric acid and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Interaction product

in the environment of mineral oil

and glycol alkanolamine with

oleic acid or a mixture thereof

with vegetable oil 45-66

Polyoxyethylated

alkyl phenol with 4-6 oxyethyl

groups 3-6

Phenylcarbinol 3-6

or

Petroleum sulfonate 6-12

Boric acid 5-9

Water Else

(Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2119534 IPC C 10 M 173/00, publication 09/27/98).

A disadvantage of the known concentrate is that the concentrate is multicomponent, contains up to 40% water, has a complex preparation technology requiring a temperature of up to 70 or 120 ° C.

Also known is a concentrate of an aqueous emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals, containing triethanolamine, triethanolamine fatty acid soap, monoalkyl ethers of polyethylene glycol based on primary fatty alcohols, calcium and / or sodium soap of castor oil acids, mineral oil, water in the following ratio of components, oil .%:

Triethanolamine 4-10

Fatty Acid Triethanolamine Soap 8-20

Polyethylene glycol monoalkyl esters

based on primary fatty alcohols 2-6

Calcium and / or Sodium Acid Soap

castor oil 2-12

Mineral oil 1-7

Water Up to 100

(description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2148622 IPC C 10 M 173/00, publication 05/10/2000).

A disadvantage of the known concentrate is that it consists of more than 50% water, is not universal, as it contains low% oil, is not economical for transportation.

The closest in composition and purpose to the present invention is a concentrate of water emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals, containing oleic acid, triethanolamine, di (alkylpolyethylene glycol) phosphoric acid ester potassium salt, tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate, mineral oil in the following ratio components, wt.%:

Oleic acid 12.0-18.0

Triethanolamine 4.0-10.0

Di (alkylpolyethylene glycol) ether

phosphoric acid potassium salt 4.0-9.0

Tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate 0.5-5.0

Mineral Oil Else

(Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2160305 IPC C 10 M 173/00, publication 10.12.2000).

The disadvantage of this known concentrate, which is the prototype, is that it contains additive oils of the IGP brands, has a narrow application, 5% concentrations are effective, which are uneconomical for large industries with abrasive and blade processing of metals.

The objective of the invention is a water-emulsion cutting fluid concentrate for metal machining - to expand the scope, improve the quality of the treated metal surfaces, create the optimal rheological structure of the concentrate to increase its stability during storage, increase the stability of emulsions prepared on the basis of the concentrate.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the concentrate of an aqueous emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals, containing oleic acid, triethanolamine and mineral oil, additionally contains water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Oleic acid 4.5-21

Triethanolamine 3-11

Water 0.2-0.5

Mineral Oil Else

In addition, the ratio of oleic acid to triethanolamine is 1.50-1.90.

In addition, the ratio of mineral oil to the sum of oleic acid and triethanolamine is 2.2-8.9.

This allows you to expand the scope, improve the quality of the processed metal surfaces, create the optimal rheological structure of the concentrate to increase its stability during storage, increase the stability of emulsions prepared on the basis of the concentrate.

The following commercial products are used as starting components:

technical triethanolamine according to TU 6-02-916-79,

improved triethanolamine according to TU 38.602-22-51-95,

oleic acid technical grade B-115 according to TU 9145-1724731297-94 or grade B 14 according to GOST 7580-91;

mineral oils: industrial oil I-20A according to GOST 20799-88, distillate oil M20U according to TU 38.301-29-27-89, transformer oil according to GOST 982-88,

water according to GOST 2874-82.

The role of oleic acid is that it is used as a stabilizer for stability of the concentrate, and in combination with triethanolamine in the ratio of 1.50-1.90, it plays the role of a builder of the concentrate and an oil emulsifier in water in the preparation of emulsions.

The role of triethanolamine is that it is used in combination with oleic acid as an emulsifier, which provides the formation of highly dispersed and highly stable oil / water emulsions with good detergent properties, bactericidal and anticorrosive protection of emulsions during prolonged use.

The role of water in the indicated amounts is to create the optimal rheological structure of the concentrate, ensuring its high stability against delamination during storage.

The role of mineral oil is that it is used as a lubricant component.

The concentrate is prepared by simple mechanical mixing of the components at ambient temperature. The resulting concentrate is a homogeneous dark brown liquid with a density at 20 ± 5 ° C of 850-950 kg / m ³ and an acid number of not more than 20 mg KOH / 1 g of concentrate. When stored for a long time does not exfoliate.

Examples of compositions of the proposed concentrate are given in table. 1-5.

For comparative tests, 2% emulsions were prepared with the addition of 0.3% soda ash from 5 compositions of the proposed concentrates with a defoaming coefficient of 4.02-4.69 and a prototype. Emulsions are prepared in cold water. Highly resistant.

The operational properties of emulsions were evaluated by the results of preliminary and fine grinding of the roller track of the inner rings of bearings made of ShKh-15 steel with a tool from white aluminum oxide on a ceramic bond impregnated with elementary sulfur.

The test results are given in table. 6.

From table 6 it follows that emulsions based on the proposed concentrates reduce the roughness of the processed surface by 1.35-2.4 times compared with the requirements of the technology, improve the geometric parameters by 1.3-2.6 times the waviness and 1.1- 2.7 times the granularity.

The same parameters have an advantage in comparison with the prototype 1.1-1.5 times in roughness and improved geometric characteristics.

Emulsions based on the proposed concentrates do not cause allergic reactions or skin irritation of workers, which corresponds to sanitary and hygienic working conditions.

Emulsions are well chemically decomposed to produce purified water with a low content of petroleum products, which improves the environmental status of industrial effluents.

The claimed invention allows to expand the scope, improve the quality of the processed metal surfaces, create the optimal rheological structure of the concentrate to increase its stability during storage, increase the stability of emulsions prepared on the basis of the concentrate.

Claims (1)

A concentrate of an aqueous emulsion cutting fluid for machining metals containing oleic acid, triethanolamine and mineral oil, characterized in that it additionally contains water in the following ratio of components, wt. %: Oleic acid 4.5-21 Triethanolamine 3-11 Water 0.2-0.5 Mineral oil Up to 100 with a ratio of oleic acid to triethanolamine of 1.50-1.90 and a ratio of mineral oil to the sum of oleic acid and triethanolamine of 2.2-8.9.