SU761149A1 - Universal backing-off lathe - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of machine tools, namely to machines for grinding cylindrical cutters with straight and helical teeth.

Known universal turning-zaty- .5 skillful machine that contains the drive of the main movement, the spindle with the mandrel for fastening the machined tool, the kinematic chain of longitudinal movement of the cutting tool, as well as the dividing chain and the additional movement.

The aim of the invention is to increase the rigidity of the AIDS system.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the 15 spindle is made in the form of a two-stage crankshaft, kinematically connected with the drive of the main movement by means of the Maltese mechanism, and the mandrel with the tool to be machined is installed with the possibility of rotation and fixation relative to the spindle engagement and overrunning clutch.

The invention is illustrated by drawings - ₂ 5 zami, where in FIG. 1 shows the structural kinematic diagram of the universal turning-backing machine; in fig. 2 — schematic schematics; in fig. 3 - spindle assembly and chain del- 30

2

rotation of the machined tool.

The shaping of the back surface of the teeth of the tool being machined is provided by reciprocating (Y _p . _X and i x.) And periodic dividing (Part) movements of the workpiece (Fig. 1) and the feed movement of the cutting tool μ

The reciprocating rotational movement is carried out through the electric motor 1, the adjustment link ϊ _υ and the spindle assembly 2, the adjustment assembly ί _χ and the lead screw 3 (or through the drive shaft). For grinding milling cutters with screw grooves, a differential включен _{ν is} included in the kinematic chain.

FIG. 2 shows the principle of the process of grinding teeth along arcs of circles. To remove the neck from one tooth, the tool being machined makes a return-rotational movement around the V (processing center (H.x. and W.x. - working and idle strokes at an angle β). To process the next tooth of the machining tool performs a periodic rotation divider Writhing around its own axis at an angle of about district _affairs division .. And movements in _x. x and Set, coincide in time. At the end of these movements, the processing cycle is one

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tooth complete. Then the cycle repeats for the next tooth.

The spindle assembly (FIG. 3) of the proposed machine includes a shaft 4 connected to the gearbox of the machine. On the shaft 4, the carrier 5 is rigidly fixed, which engages with the Maltese cross 6, rigidly seated on the first step of the cranked spindle 7 (the first and second steps of the cranked spindle are marked respectively I and II). The crankshaft spindle on rolling bearings 8 is installed in the housing 9 of the machine. One end of the torsion spring 10 is clamped in the body of the first stage of the cranked spindle, and the second in the machine body.

The chain of the periodic dividing rotation of the machined tool consists of an overrunning roller clutch 11, the inner race of which is the first step of the cranked spindle, and the outer one is the landing surface of the internal gear wheel 12. The outer surface of the wheel 12, in turn, is the inner race of the ball overrunning clutch 13, the outer race of which is rigidly seated in the machine body. Moreover, the overrunning clutch 13 transmits torque in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of the spindle idling. The gear wheel 12 is engaged with the gear 14, seated on the shaft 15, which is mounted in sliding bearings 16 in the internal cavity of the crankshaft spindle. Moreover, the axis of the shaft 15 is coaxial with the axis 00 of the second stage of the cranked spindle. The shaft 15 by means of a cone mate is connected to a mandrel 17 on which the tool to be machined is mounted.

At the second stage of the crankshaft spindle, a high-speed electromagnetic cartridge 18 is installed, receiving power from the current source 19.

The key to turn the cartridge on and off is the Maltese movement 5-6.

The machine works as follows.

Drove 5 by means of the shaft 4 from the gearbox of the machine reported uniform rotation. The carrier engages with the Maltese cross 6 and rotates it together with the crankshaft spindle 7 relative to the axis of the first stage 0] 0ι by an angle β (Fig. 2). When this crank spindle, rotating relative to the body of the machine 9, deforms the torsion spring 10. After disengagement of the carrier 5 with the Maltese cross 6, the cranked spindle undergoes a reverse rotational movement under the action of the spring 10. This is how the working and idle spindle moves

together with the machined tool about the axis Οιι.

The work of the chain of periodic dividing the rotation of the processed tool

5 as follows.

During the working stroke (К _р . _Х ) of the cranked spindle 7, the internal gearing wheel 12, carried by the overrunning clutch 11, remains stationary relative to the knee spindle. During the spindle idling in the opposite direction, the wheel 12 under the action of the ball overrunning clutch 13 remains stationary relative to the housing 9 of the machine, i.e. the gear makes

15 rotation relative to the crankshaft spindle around ΟιΟι axis. Gear 14, rotating with the crankshaft spindle, makes a running motion on the internal gear and rotates around

20 of its own axis 00 at the angle p of _div (Fig. 2), due to the gear ratio of gears 12-14. The separating rotation of the gear 14 through the shaft 15 and the mandrel 17 is transmitted to the machined tool.

The electromagnetic cartridge 18 secures the mandrel 17 relative to the crankshaft spindle 7 during the cutting process and, at the moment of the beginning of its divisional rotation, clears 30 around the axis 00 (the crankshaft spindle into this

idle time).

Switching on and off of the cartridge is carried out depending on the closing or opening of the electric circuit, which corresponds to the entry into engagement or disengagement of the carrier 5 with the Maltese cross 6.

Claims (1)

Claim 40 Universal turning and backing machine that contains the drive of the main movement, the spindle with the mandrel to secure the machined tool, the kinematic chain of the longitudinal movement Cutting tool 45 and divider circuit _(Tel'nykh and additional movements on aphid aspirants and in that, in order to increase the rigidity AIDS system, the spindle is designed as a two-stage addition kolencha50 shaft kinematically linked with the drive means of the main motion of the Maltese mechanism, and The mandrel with the tool to be machined is installed with the possibility of rotation and fixation of the relative spindle and is connected with it through a gear drive with internal gearing and overrunning clutch.