SU748536A1

SU748536A1 - Programmed switching device

Info

Publication number: SU748536A1
Application number: SU762410162A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Степан Сергеевич Семенов
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3697
Priority date: 1976-10-06
Filing date: 1976-10-06
Publication date: 1980-07-15

Description

(54) ПРОГРАММНОЕ КОММУТАЦИОННОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО(54) SOFTWARE COMMUTATION DEVICE

1one

Изобретение относитс к приборостроению и может быть использовано в станках с программным управлением, устройствах дл прецизионного автоматического позиционировани объектов и испытательных стендах в качестве датчика положени позиционных след щих систем.The invention relates to instrumentation engineering and can be used in machine tools with programmed control, devices for precision automatic positioning of objects, and test benches as a position sensor for positional tracking systems.

Известно программное коммутационное устройство, содержащее расположенные на корпусе вал и кулачок, который с одной стороны кинематически св зан с валом, а с другой стороны св зан с микровыключател ми . Вал выполнен в виде ходового винта с продольными щлицами, на который надета гайка, соедин юща с с помощью щтифта с продольным направл ющим вырезом в корпусе. Кулачок соединен с гайкой с помощью подщипника и со щлицами винта с помощью выступов.A software switching device is known, comprising a shaft and a cam located on the housing, which is kinematically connected to the shaft on one side and connected to microswitches on the other side. The shaft is made in the form of a lead screw with longitudinal slots, on which a nut is attached, connecting with a shift to a longitudinal guide cut in the housing. The cam is connected to the nut with the help of a support and with screw tabs with the help of projections.

При вращении вала гайка движетс по ходовому винту вместе с кулачком. Кулачок при своем движении нажимает на приводные элементы микровыключателей, сигналы с которых соответствуют определенным угловым положени м вала 1.As the shaft rotates, the nut moves along the spindle along with the cam. The cam during its movement presses on the drive elements of the microswitches, the signals from which correspond to certain angular positions of the shaft 1.

Известно также программное коммутационное устройство, содержащее установленные в корпусе основной и промежуточный валы, кинематически св занные между собой , микровыключатели, неподвижно закрепленные в корпусе и кулачки, соединенные с приводными элементами микровыключателей посредством толкателей, на промежуточном валу подвижно установлен барабан с отверсти ми на его боковой поверхности , внутри барабана в плоскости симметрии каждого микровыключател жестко на валу закреплены диски с пазами, а кулачкиIt is also known a software switching device containing main and intermediate shafts mounted in a housing, kinematically connected to each other, microswitches fixedly mounted in the housing and cams connected to the driving elements of the microswitches by means of pushers, on the intermediate shaft a drum with openings on its side is movably mounted surfaces inside the drum in the plane of symmetry of each microswitch rigidly fixed to the shaft are discs with grooves, and cams

10 с закрепленными на них роликами установлены подвижно на оси, параллельной промежуточному в тех же плоскост х, кажда из которых одновременно вл етс плоскостью/-вращени одного из дисков, отверсти барабана расположены по одному в плоскости вращени каждого диска, а размеры отверстий барабана соответствуют размерам пазов дисков и роликов, закрепленных на кyлaчкaxC2J,10 with rollers fixed on them are mounted movably on an axis parallel to the intermediate one in the same planes, each of which is simultaneously the I-rotation plane of one of the disks, the drum holes are located one in the plane of rotation of each disk, and the sizes of the drum holes correspond to the sizes the grooves of the disks and rollers attached to the barrel CC2J,

Однако устройство характеризуетс сложностью конструкции устройства и его больщими габаритами. Сложность устройства обусловлена наличием двух раздельных повыщающих передач с разными передаточными отнощени ми: одной от основного вала к промежуточному, второй - от основного вала к барабану, а также необходимостью установки барабана на подшипниках, надетых на промежуточный вал. Кроме того , велик момент сопротивлени вращению промежуточного вала. Величина указанного момента зависит от размеров углублений, образуемых отверсти ми в боковой поверхности барабана и поверхностью дисков на пути перемещени роликов кулачков. Размеры этих углублений завис т от толщины листового материала, из которого изго- ю товлен барабан и от зазора между поверхностью диска и барабана.However, the device is characterized by the complexity of the design of the device and its large dimensions. The complexity of the device is due to the presence of two separate gears with different gear ratios: one from the main shaft to the intermediate one, the second from the main shaft to the drum, and the need to install the drum on bearings mounted on the intermediate shaft. In addition, the moment of resistance to rotation of the intermediate shaft is great. The magnitude of this point depends on the dimensions of the recesses formed by the holes in the side surface of the drum and the surface of the discs in the path of movement of the cam rollers. The dimensions of these recesses depend on the thickness of the sheet material from which the drum is made and on the gap between the surface of the disk and the drum.

Целью изобретени вл етс упрощение конструкции устройства, уменьщение его габаритных размеров и снижение момента сопротивлени на промежуточном валу.The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the device, reducing its overall dimensions and reducing the moment of resistance on the intermediate shaft.

Указанна цель достигаетс тем, что в программном коммутационном устройстве, содержащем установленные в корпусе основной и промежуточный валы, кинемати- ю чески св занные между собой, микровыключатели , иеподвижно закрепленные в корпусе , и подпружиненные кулачки, соединенные с приводными элементами микровыключателей посредством толкателей, на промежуточном валу установлен барабан с отверсти ми на его боковой поверхнос1и, внутри барабана в плоскости симметрии каждого микровыключател жестко на валу закреплены диски с пазами, а кулачки с закрепленными на них роликами установлены подвижно на оси, зо параллельной промежуточному валу в тех же плоскост х, кажда из которых одновременно вл етс плоскостью вращени одного из дисков, отверсти барабана расположены по одному в плоскости вращени каждого диска, а размеры отверстий барабана соответствуют размерам пазов дисков и роликов, закрепленных на кулачках, устройство снабжено парой зубчатых дисков, закрепленных на промежуточном валу, а барабан установлен свободно и эксцентрич- до но относительно промежуточного вала и отверсти на его боковой поверхности расположены по периферии, в них вход т зубцы указанных дисков, которые прижаты в радиальном направлении к боковой поверхности барабана роликами.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the software switching device containing main and intermediate shafts installed in the housing, kinematically connected to each other, microswitches that are fixedly mounted in the housing, and spring-loaded cams connected to the drive elements of the microswitches by means of tappets on the intermediate The shaft is equipped with a drum with holes on its side surface; inside the drum, in the plane of symmetry of each microswitch, disks with grooves are fixed on the shaft, and the coolant The glasses with rollers fixed on them are mounted movably on an axis that is parallel to the intermediate shaft in the same planes, each of which is simultaneously the plane of rotation of one of the discs, the drum holes are arranged one in the plane of rotation of each disc, and the sizes of the drum holes correspond to the dimensions grooves of the disks and rollers mounted on the cams, the device is equipped with a pair of toothed disks mounted on the intermediate shaft, and the drum is installed freely and eccentrically relative to the intermediate the shaft and the holes on its side surface are located on the periphery, the teeth of said disks enter into them, which are pressed in the radial direction to the side surface of the drum with rollers.

При свободной установке барабана, представл ющего собой открытьш с обеих сторон полый цилиндр без днищ, относительно оси промежуточного вала эксцентрично этой оси исключаетс необходимость в подщипни- 50 ках и других элементах конструкции, обеспечивающих свободу вращени барабана относительно промежуточного вала и удержание его в осевом направлении.With free installation of the drum, which opens the hollow cylinder without bottoms on both sides, the axis of the intermediate shaft eccentric to this axis eliminates the need for supports and other structural elements that ensure the free rotation of the drum relative to the intermediate shaft and keep it in the axial direction.

Непосредственное соединение барабана с промежуточным валом передачей с внут- 5 ренним зацеплением исключает необходимость передачи на ускорение от основного вала к барабану. В предлагаемом устройст748536The direct connection of the drum with the intermediate shaft with the internal gearing eliminates the need to transfer from the main shaft to the drum for acceleration. In the proposed device 748536

ве достаточно иметь на основном валу лищь одно зубчатое колесо дл передачи движени к промежуточному валу.It is enough to have one gear on the main shaft to transmit the movement to the intermediate shaft.

Указанные признаки позвол ют упростить конструкцию и уменьщить габаритные размеры устройства.These features make it possible to simplify the design and reduce the overall dimensions of the device.

Эксцентрична установка барабана относительно оси промежуточного вала с прижимом барабана в радиальном направлении до упора в элементах передачи с внутренним зацеплением позвол ет уменьщить до минимума (даже до нул ) зазор между внутренней поверхностью барабана и дисками, уменьщив тем самьш величину углублений, образуемых отверсти ми в боковой поверхности барабана и поверхностью дисков на пути перемещени роликов кулачков, что, в свою очередь, снижает момент сопротивлени вращению промежуточного вала.The eccentric installation of the drum relative to the axis of the intermediate shaft with the drum pressed in the radial direction to the stop in the internal gearing elements reduces to a minimum (even to zero) the gap between the inner surface of the drum and the discs, thus reducing the size of the recesses formed by the holes in the side the surface of the drum and the surface of the discs on the path of movement of the cam rollers, which, in turn, reduces the moment of resistance to the rotation of the intermediate shaft.

На фиг. 1 и 2 схематически представлено предлагаемое программное коммутационное устройство.FIG. 1 and 2 schematically shows the proposed software switching device.

Claims

The main shaft 2 and the intermediate shaft 3 are movably mounted in the housing 1. A gear wheel 4 is fixed on the main shaft. On the intermediate shaft 3, there is a pinion 5 fixed to the gear 4, disks 6 with notches 7 (Fig. 2) and gear disks 8. A drum 9 with openings 10 and holes 11 of the edge perforation is mounted freely on top of the discs 6 (without supports). The edge perforation is in engagement with the teeth of the 12 toothed disks 8, and the holes 10 are located one opposite each disk 6, symmetrically with respect to the plane of its enemy. A series of microswitches is installed on the housing. 13, the number of which is equal to the number of disks 6, and the microswitches are located so that the drive element 14 of each of them is located in the plane of rotation of the corresponding disk 6. On the bearings 15 of the axis 16 fixed in the housing 1 parallel to the intermediate shaft 3, cams 17 are installed. the cam is also located in the plane of rotation of the corresponding disk 6 and is provided with a roller 18. The spring 19 holds the cam 17 in positions where the roller 18 is pressed against the side surface of the drum 9, and 6apa6aif in turn to the gear disks 8, or the surface of the disk 6, if the hole 18 is under the roller 18. The profile of the cam 17 is made as a sector with two radii R1 and R2 centered on the axis 16. The junction of profiles made with radius R1 and R2 forms a step 20. Between the drive element 14 of each microswitch 13 and a pusher 21 is located by a corresponding cam 17. The pusher 21 by the hinge 22 is connected to the bracket 23 and has a roller 24 supported on the surface of the cam 17. The pusher 21 has an adjusting screw 25 and a notch 26. The bracket 23 is connected to the housing by means of a guide 2 7, an adjusting screw 28 and secured with a print 29. The side surface of the drum 9, made in the form of a removable hollow thin-walled cylinder, is pressed by the rollers 18 in the radial direction to the surface of the gear disks 8, and the teeth 12 keep the drum 9 from moving in the axial direction. The gear 5 is made split and has a backlash-pick spring 30. The software switching device operates as follows. When the main shaft 2 rotates between the intermediate shaft 3 and the drum 9, a relative angular movement and, accordingly, movement of the holes 10 of the drum 9 relative to the slots 7 of the disk 6 occurs. The number of teeth of the toothed disks 8 and the holes of the 11-edge perforation of the drum 9 are chosen so that relations from the main shaft 2 to the intermediate shaft 3, over the entire working range of the rotation of the main shaft, only a single coincidence of the holes 10 with the corresponding slots 7 would occur. la counterclockwise (fig. 2), the disks 6 and the drum 9 rotate clockwise, the rollers 18 roll along the side surface of the drum 9, which prevents the rollers 18 from falling into the slots 7 of the disks 6, on each revolution of the drum 9 into the holes 10 At the same time, one of the holes of the drum 9 coincides with the slots 7 in the disk 6, under the action of the spring 19, the roller 18 of the cam 17, which is in position I, engages with the groove of the disk 6 and moves together with it, it is transferred from one side of the drum to the other in position II. When moving the cam 17 from position I to position II, roller 24 of the pusher 21 goes from the profile of cam 17 of radius R1 to the profile of cam 17 of radius P2, passing a step 20 causes the pusher 21 to push the actuator 14 of the microswitch 13, causing the latter to operate. The microswitch 13, triggered, gives a signal that the main shaft 2 has reached the specified position. When the main shaft 2 and the disks 6 and the drum 9 are rotated to the other side, the cams 17, when the holes 10 coincide with the grooves 7, are transferred from position II to position I, triggering the breaker switches 13 on the way. replacing the drum 9 and the angular movement of the discs 6 on the intermediate shaft 3. The exact alignment of the positions of the main shaft 2 with the moments of operation of the microswitches 13 is carried out by moving the arm 23 along the guide 27 when released screw 29 by means of an adjusting screw 28. The efficiency of using software switching devices with a free drum is as follows: the device is simplified by avoiding the transfer of the main shaft to the drum, bearings and other parts that accelerate the rotation of the drum relative to the intermediate shaft; the overall dimensions of the device are reduced by simplifying the design; the moment of resistance to movement on the intermediate shaft and, respectively, on the main shaft is reduced by reducing the gap between the discs and the drum in the zone of their interaction with the cam rollers; When using the device for specifying the linear coordinates of the position of the movable organ, its design is simplified by eliminating the toothed rack and the pinion to transmit movement from the movable organ to the drum. A software switching device containing main and intermediate shafts mounted in a housing, kinematically interconnected, microswitches fixedly mounted in the housing, and spring-loaded cams connected to the drive elements of the microswitches via pushers, on the intermediate shaft the drum with holes on its side surface, inside the drum, in the plane of symmetry of each microswitch, disks with grooves are rigidly fixed to the shaft, and the cams with the rollers mounted on them are mounted movably on an axis parallel to the intermediate shaft, in the same planes, each of which is simultaneously the plane of rotation of one of the discs, the drum holes are located one in the plane of rotation of each disc, and the sizes of the drum holes correspond to the dimensions of the disk grooves and rollers mounted on cams, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, reduce overall dimensions and reduce torque on the shaft, the device is equipped with a pair of toothed disks fixed on the drum shaft, and the drum is free and eccentric relative to the intermediate shaft and the holes on its side surface are located on the periphery, the teeth of these discs enter, which are pressed in the radial direction to the side surface of the drum by rollers. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Patent of France No. 2135298, cl. H 01 H 13/00, 1973.

2. USSR author's certificate for application No. 2308399 / 24-07, cl. H 01 P 3/42, 04.01.76.