SU70870A1 - Installation for artificial drying of peat - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is a set-up for artificial drying of peat by heating it with steam or hot water in chambers through heat exchangers, using a steam cycle in a closed cycle, and also using the heat of steam produced from peat water.

The proposed installation makes it possible to increase the effective use of the heat of steam generated from peat water.

A distinctive feature of the installation is that ejectors are included in the closed circulation system of the coolant to suck steam from the drying chambers and mix it with the main coolant.

Pa figs. 1 shows a diagram of the installation for artificial peat using peat heating; in fig. 2 - diagram of possible installation options with steam-water heating.

Pa.kemah dotted lines denote steam, solid lines - water.

The action of the installation when heating it with steam is as follows.

The sharp steam of a given pressure enters from the boiler house through the air duct / into the steam nozzle 3 of the two-stage steam ejector 2, from where it flows, at supersonic speeds, in the first side of the ejector 4, 1de mixed with the exhaust steam supplied to the first stage of the ejector 4 from the third section (steam , her) camera drying 22 through pipe 23.

Through the steam line 24 into the second stage of the ejector 5, the wet juice vapor, evaporated from the raw peat located in the chamber 22, is sucked into the third section of the drying chamber 22.

The steam mixture from the diffuser of the ejector enters the steam line 6 and, divided into two streams 7 and //, goes to the steam superheater 8 and

No. 70870

12, heated by boiler gases supplied in the direction of: trills 16.

The first steam heater 8 has a sufficiently developed heat exchange surfaces and upon exiting it, the superheated steam has a high potential. This steam is supplied via steam line 9 to the drying unit ;; m 22, circulates through it, giving away some of its heat to evaporation of moisture from peat, and with reduced heat sweat, is sucked through the steam line 23 to the first stage 4 of the ejector and the process begins again.

The resulting peat from the raw peat, when it is heated, the wet juice vapor through the steam line 24 is sucked in by the second stage 5 of the ejector and enters the circulation cycle. The second steam superheater 12, where part of the steam mixture enters through the steam line 11, using boiler gases after they leave the first steam superheater 17, produces, after heating, steam with a lower evaporation, which passes through the steam line 13 to the second section of the drying meter 21, where it is heated peat and moisture enclosed in it from 10 to 95-100 °, and yes. it enters the first section 20 of the drying chamber, where peat is thawed (when it is loaded in winter conditions) and heated to 10 °,

From the first section 0, the exhaust steam through the steam line 15 is supplied for use for industrial and domestic needs of the enterprise. The raw peat is loaded into the first section of the drying chamber 19, and the third section of the chamber 22 is discharged through the counter-full wall. The dotted line with dots 10 shows the direction of circulation of the superheated steam in the chamber 22. The dotted line with dots 14 shows the circulation of the gray steam in the chambers 20 and 21. Removal of waste boiler gases occurs in the direction of arrow 18.

The design parameters of the individual units of the considered scheme depend on the specified conditions and are solved for specific tasks.

The calculation and design of all the main units of the circuit: ejectors, steam superheaters, dewatering and drying chambers are conducted in accordance with the existing calculation methods.

Another possible option for heating the plant for drying peat may be steam heating. While in the first version the working heating body is steam, in the second version, high-pressure superheated water is used as the heating body.

Due to the higher heat transfer coefficient between the liquid and wet peat compared to the heat transfer between steam and wet peat, if for given: specific conditions, too large heat transfer surfaces are obtained for the drying chambers and steam superheaters, it is desirable to use the steam version. In this case, the areas of heat transfer surfaces are reduced and the structures are made more compact.

The scheme of action in the steam-water jet method will be as follows.

High pressure water and, if possible, lower temperature, through pipe 48, goes to a water nozzle 27 of a two-stage steam ejector 26. From a water nozzle 27, water flows at high speed into the first stage of an ejector 29, where it mixes with the juice vapor produced from peat water flowing through the steam line 28 from the third section 47 of the drying chamber. In the first stage 29, the juice vapor is condensed and the heated water with high pressure enters the second stage of the ejector 30, where it is displaced with the direct steam coming from the boiler house through the steam line 25, receives an increment due to it.

The hue of kinetic energy and, the condensate of narcotics with high values of melting, velocity and temperature, enters the pipeline 31.

Hence, if it is foreseen to use excess water only for domestic needs, water directly flows into the drying chamber R through pipelines 5 and 5, the need for water heating x 33 and 37 disappears and their area is assumed to be zero.

In the general case, when it is planned to discharge waste water with certain parameters in terms of pressure and temperature, the fluid flow in the pipe 31 is divided into two streams, from which the pipeline 32 sends the liquid through the high potential water heater 33 running on boiler gases 41 ode 34, into the third section of the chamber of the substrate 47, where, having a temperature of about 150-170 °, evaporates moisture from the raw peat, and, entering the second section of the dewatering chamber 46, where the raw peat is preheated, sn zhaet its temperature to 40-50 ° and supplied via line 48 to power the ejector, t. e. re-enters the heating medium circulating system.

The second fluid flow through the low potential water heater -57 and the pipeline 38 enters section 46 and, by circulating through the pipes of the existing units, passes to the first section 45, from where it is led through pipeline 40 to the place of consumption, having underestimated operating parameters.

Otherwise, the second variant with steam-water heating is identical to the first with steam heating.

In the diagram in FIG. 2 denotes: 35 - circulation of superheated water in the third section of the drying chamber; 36 - water supply in water heating. Low potential; 39 - circulation of heating water in the first and second sections of the chamber of the tree; 42 - supply of boiler gases to a low potential water heater; 43 - exhaust boiler gases; 44 - nodacha raw peat in the chamber of the tree.

Subject invention

An installation for artificial drying of peat by heating it with steam or hot water in the chambers through heat exchangers with multiple use of steam or water in a closed cycle, as well as using the heat of steam generated from peat water, characterized in that displacing it with the main coolant, ejectors are used that are included in the closed coolant circulation system.

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