SU692599A1 - Method of producing proteinous feed - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to the production of feed, in particular to methods for the production of protein feed. .

A known method for producing protein feeds using cellulose wastes, such as wood bark, includes obtaining a nutrient medium containing low molecular weight organic substances, and growing yeast on it. The nutrient medium is obtained by oxidation of the crust with oxygen in the Aqueous (neutral) medium at a temperature of 200–220 ° C and a pressure of 30–45 at.

However, the yield of protein, according to this method is insufficient, does not exceed 0.5-1% of the initial amount of cellulose.

From among known. The closest to the proposed method of protein feed using the juice of green plants, for example, alfalfa, beans 11.

The method is as follows: green plant juice is obtained, a genuine protein fraction of this liquid is coagulated, the coagulum from the liquid phase containing nitrogen sources absolutely free of genuine protein is separated, the precipitate is washed with water and diluted with acid, the liquid phase is filled with industrial liquid and they are inoculated with microorganisms capable of utilizing the SOURCES of nitrogen in the form of nitrate and ammonium, are subjected to aerobic fermentation of the inoculum into the liquid phase until the final exhaustion of the nitrogen sources, irate nitrogen-containing substances in the liquid phase, the concentrate combines with coagulum truly

0 protein fraction and dried.

The disadvantage of this method is that the protein yield is also not large enough (2-6% of the amount of starting material). In this case, the protein of the true protein is distributed as follows; 7-15% of vegetable protein extracted from juice, and 22-23% of protein obtained during fermentation.

The aim of the invention is to increase the content of the wax in the target product.

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This is achieved by producing green-green plants, introducing vegetable protein, and adding mechanically, thermo-mechanically, or chemical-7L to the liquid fraction. - mechanically treated cellulose-containing materials in a wet or dried material, i.e. straw, wood, bark, needles, sawdust in an amount of 2-3 wt.%, and aerobic cultivation of cellulolytic species of Trichoderma or Asper llus. In the phase of exponential growth of the microcellular fungus, a culture of yeast is introduced into the fermenter, for example, Trichosporon cutaneum assimilating cellulose decomposition products. At 40-48 hours of cultivation, when the maximum cellulase activity is maximized, the amount of cellulose-containing material in the fermenter is increased to 5-7 wt.% And, if necessary, 0.1-0.8 wt.% Non-protein liquid juice fraction is added and the cultivation process continues. The proposed method provides a better protein feed by drying the enzymatic feed on a spray syushil or it is mixed with a filler (prickly bran, barley or wheat flour), granulated and dried on a belt, boiling or vibro drier layer. The finished product is used to balance protein feeds. Example 1. 35 tons of alfalfa, compressed to color: the shadows, roughly crushed, pressed (during one or more steps), moistened with water the first compressed product. The raw material, which is repeatedly pressed, moistens 10-20% of water. Yab | dkuyu phase is heated to 80-85 ° C, there is a genuine protein fraction. For coagulation, the liquid is treated in pasteurizers or steam is fed into it. After coagulation, the fluid is completely free from the true protein fraction. The coagulum is separated from the liquid and washed with water and diluted acid. From 35 g of alfalfa (7 tons on dry basis), 4.6 tons of protein-vitamin paste (containing 20% dry things), 17, are obtained. 5 g of husks (with a humidity of 50-60%) and 12.9 tons of a protein-free liquid fraction, which is diluted with water, add lateral salts and chopped needles. The nutrient medium has the following composition, wt.%: A protein-free liquid fraction (dry matter., Including a substance reduction of 0.25%) 1.5 Sodium nitrate0.3 Potassium phosphate 0.2 Magnesium sulfate 0.05 Ammonium phosphate acid disubstituted 0.2 Grind 2.0 Tap water pH 4.8-5.0 Remaining Medium is sterilized at 110 ° C for 30 minutes. The cultivation of the cellulolytic microorganism Trichoderma lignorum OM 534 is carried out in a fermentor with a capacity of 63 m at 29-30 ° C, aeration of 50 mg Og / liter of min., Transfer speeds of 200 rpm, pH of the medium from 4.8-5.0 to 6, 0 .: -:: In the exponential growth phase of the fungus Trichoderma lignorum OM 534, Trichosporon cutaneum R-3 yeast assimilating cellulose decomposition products is seeded. At the same time, the air flow rate is increased to 125 mg Oa / L, per 1 minute, and the stirring speed is up to 300 rpm. At 40-48 hours, an additional 3% by weight of chopped needles and 0.1% by weight of a protein-free liquid fraction are introduced into the fermenter and continue the cultivation process. At the end of the fermentation process, the culture fluid contains 4.25% dry: things. The culture fluid is dried in a spray dryer and 1.65 g of dry product containing 23.5% protein is obtained. Example 2. Plant protein and protein-free fractions are prepared as in Example 1. Trichoderma iignorum mold OM 534-6-2A is used as a producer of cellulase. Fermentation is carried out in a fermenter with a capacity of 63 m at 29-30 ° C, aeration of 50 mg Og / l for 1 min, stirring speed 200 rpm, pH 4.8-5.0 to 6.5-7.0 in nutrient the environment besides;, composition, wt.% :. Bezbelkova liquid fraction (dry substance, including a reducing substance 0.2%) 1.2 Sodium nitrate 0.5 Potassium phosphate monosubstituted0.4 Ammonium phosphate disubstituted0.2 Magnesium sulphate 0.05 Straw3.0 Tap waterExtra Sterilized medium ° C for 30 min. . In order to reduce the cellulose digestibility of the microorganization, pretreatment of the solKa.1 is carried out with sodium hydroxide solution at the rate of 5–9 kg per 100 kg of straw with such an alkali concentration of the aqueous solution so that the final moisture content of the treated straw will be 50–75%. The treated straw is removed in a closed vessel for 15 minutes at 20-80 ° C, then dried and ground to the desired degree. In the exponential growth phase of Trichoderma lignorum OM 534-6-2A, the Trichosporon cutaneum M-19 yeast sowed1, while the air flow rate is increased to 125 mg Og / l per 1 minute stirring speed to 300 rpm. At 40-48 hours of cultivation, the straw was added to the torus enzyme by additionally chemically-mechanically processed straw weight. and the regime optimal for cellulase is established, i.e., the temperature is raised to 40 ° C, the aeration is removed, the mixing rate is reduced to 150 rpm, the pH is 4.5-5.5. At 64 hours of cultivation, the previous mode was restored and a non-isolated liquid fraction was added in an amount of 0.4 wt.% And the process was continued for 24 hours until the Sugars were fully assimilated. The obtained culture liquid, containing 4.85% of dry substances and 34.8% of protein, is dried in a plastic dryer. Example 3. Plant protein and a protein-free fraction are prepared analogously to example 1. Fermentation using cult; Aspergillus terreus 17P degrees are carried out at 40 ° C for 34 days on a nutrient medium of the following composition wt.%:. Bezbelkova liquid fraction (dry matter, including ed. 0.15%) 0.9 Ammonium nitrate 0.1 Potassium phosphate one-substituted 0.14 Magnesium sulfate 0.02 GL2, Tap water. ... pH 4.8-5.0. Others. Sterilization of the medium is carried out at 110 ° C for 30 minutes. Sawdust is treated with direct steam at 145–170 ° C and pressure of 4–8 atm for 30–120 min before introduction into the nutrient medium. After processing, the material is dried and crushed. The cultivation mode is similar to Example 1 ..- As a result of fermentation, a culture broth containing 3.75% dry is obtained. Things and 24% protein. ki p and m e r 4. The nutrient medium has the following composition, wt.%: A protein-free liquid fraction (dry matter, including ed. 0.15) 0.9 Sodium nitrate0.3 Ammonium sulphate0.06 Potassium phosphate monosubstituted0.1 Magnesium sulphate0.05 Wood bark.2 Piped waterExtra Wood bark is mechanically ground before introduction into the nutrient medium. Trichoderma lignorum OM 534 culture was used as cellulolytic culture. The cultivation mode is the same as Example 1. The dried product is used directly as a protein supplement. Get the fermentation fluid containing 4.25% dry. things and 14.6% protein. In the resulting product, the protein content reaches 34.8 wt.%, Obtained only by fermentation. When mixing the product with vegetable protein, the protein content rises to 49.2%. Thus, the proposed method increases the yield of protein by 20% and increases the content in the target product. In addition, the method allows disposing of cellulose-containing waste straw: needles, sawdust, wood bark, turned into valuable protein feed.

Claims (3)

 Claim 1. A method of obtaining protein feed, including isolating the juice of green plants of the protein fraction and aerobic cultivation on the protein-free liquid fraction of microorganisms, characterized in that, in order to increase the amount of protein in the feed, crushed cellulose-containing waste is added cellulolytic microorganisms of the genus Trichoderma or AsF ergillus are used as microorganisms for cultivation, while in the exponential growth phase of these microorganisms yeast, assimilating the decomposition products of cellulose, are introduced into the medium of the micellar fungus and co-cultivation is carried out; and, when spore microorganisms are formed, a protein-free liquid fraction is additionally introduced into the medium. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that straw, wood bark, needles, sawdust are used as cellulosic waste. -; vvii .: .ls: - -WV. . . /. ., 7. :. eight 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the vines use a culture of Trichosporun cuta ITO waste pretreated with a sharp neum. steam or lye.6. The method according to paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, differ 4. The method according to paragraphs. 1 ″ and 2, about tl, which is sensible by the fact that protein-free juice fraction with the fact that the amount of cellulose-containing 5 cultivation process is introduced in the amount of material in the medium is increased from 2-3% by weight to 0.1-0.8%. the beginning of the process to 5-7 wt.% when reaching maximum cellulase activity. Sources of information 5. Method according to paragraphs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, which are taken into account in the examination of the fact that, as a culture of yeast 1. Patent of the National People's Party N 332598, cl. And 23 K 1/14, assimilating decomposition products of cell) - 1968.