SU684197A1 - Reversible ratchet-wheel coupling - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to couplings for transmitting a reverse torsional moment. Known cam ratchet clutch, containing sliding half coupling, pressed by spring to stationary coupling half on shaft and interacting with the last bevelled teeth II. Known ratchet coupling is simple in design but it does not provide reverse when transferring torque. A reversible ratchet clutch is known, which contains the drive and driven coupling halves mounted coaxially on the shaft with the possibility of interconnection with one another by means of one-sided, curved teeth. In the well-known coupling, the teeth are located on the leading part, and the known part is equipped with fingers shaped cams. The clutch provides reverse when transmitting torque, however, it does not automate the reversal of two different moments during sequential transmission and onto the shaft. In order to accomplish such a task, a governing body and an executive controlling it are necessary. The purpose of the invention is to provide automation of the reversal of two different torques during their alternate transfer to the shaft by utilizing the forces arising in the ratchet. For this, the clutch is equipped with a axially spring-loaded ring with snaps on the end face concentrically mounted on the driven floor -1 of the coupling with snaps on the end face, having a small bevel on the working surfaces, driven by the coupling half in the form of a sleeve connected to the ring by means of splines, and The drive coupling half is made in the form of two drive ratchets axially fixed on the shaft. In addition, the coupling sleeve is filled with radial-boring boring 1i to is equipped with spring-loaded ball-shaped shims installed in the radial boring, which have the possibility of interaction with the shaft. j6 FIG. .1 shows a clutch in a section; with a drive (shown thin and well); in fig. 2 shows a coupling tooth configuration. For a better understanding of the essence of the invention, the drive mechanism is depicted with two different torque moments, i.e., with two speeds, driving the elements of the proposed coupling. The drive consists of the electric motor 1 of the gearbox 2 and the high-speed transmission 3, which is inactive on the ratchet 4, which rotates freely on the shaft 5 on the ball to the bearings. The low-speed drive gear consists of a gearbox 6, received from the gearbox 2 via a chain drive 7, acting through a bevel gear 8 on the ratchet 9 of the coupling, also loose on the shaft 5, Ratchets 4 and 9 are axially fixed on the shaft 5 and represent coupling lead. The driven part of the coupling is made in the form of a sleeve 10, equipped with an extension ring 12, which is extended on an outer shaft 11, and retained on the sleeve. 10 by means of a nut 13. Between the bushing 10 n extension ring 12 are placed crawlers 14 T (sleeves on the side of the high-speed stage and the end of the extension ring-12 on the low-speed stage T are equipped with one-sided bevelled teeth (shown in FIG. 1), interacting with The same teeth are ratchetted 4 and 9. The sleeve 10 has the ability to move along the shaft 5 along the sliding key IS. In the sleeve 1O, balls 18 are placed, pressed by springs 17 by means of wines 18, locked by a spring-loaded ring 19. Shari1Sh with springs generally sos Ball clamps are engaged. Balls 16 interact with ring grooves on shaft 5, thereby helping sleeve 1O to move right or left, and also fix it in one of the extreme POSITIONS, Shaft 5 is installed in bearings 20 and 21 and is equipped with an asterisk 22. Teeth 23 (see Fig. 2) of the ratchet 9 with their one-sided bevels. They are converted to one-sided bevels to the bevels of the teeth 24 of the sliding ring 12 of the bush 1O. The tooth 25 of the bush is respectively facing the tooth of the m 26 ratchet 4. On the tooth x 24 on the side opposite to the unilateral bevel, small bevels are made 27. 4 Coupling It works in a special way. FIG. I shows the transfer of momentum from engine I through gearboxes 2 and 6 to bevel gear 8, snapshot 9, coupled to sleeve 1O (via separate lance 12), which in turn transmits the torque through shaft S to sprocket 22 and more to executive MexaHHaNiy. The T-mode is transmitted from the T-stage T. In this case (see Fig. 2), the sleeve Yu and the outgoing ring 12 will begin to move to the left along the shaft 5 under the force exerted by the interaction of the teeth 23 and 24. The tooth 25 of the sleeve will engage with the teeth 26 of the ratchet 4 (high-speed stage B). After the initial set and teeth 25 and 26, rotate faster from the high speed stage, move to the left due to the bevels 27 on its teeth x 24 and fully engages with the ratchet high speed stage. At the moment of reassembly of the bushings to the left, the right part of the balls 16 is pressed out from the shaft on the shaft 5, and the left part of the balls 16 will enter its groove on the shaft 5, thereby helping to move the sleeve, to the left to fix it in the new engagement. The clutch now transmits torque from the high-speed stage, i.e., from the ratchet 4 to the shaft 5 and further, via an asterisk 22, to the automatic mechanism, the shaft 5 now rotates C with a large number of revolutions in the direction of the arrow. If, when the bushings are moved, its teeth do not immediately engage with the ratchet and get a tooth against the tooth, then the sliding ring 12, overcoming the forces of the springs 14, is mixed along the sleeve 10, thereby npejjoefan it from wrinkling between the snores of viking 4 and 9. Then upon further rotation, the teeth will enter into the normal engagement. When the drive is reversed, i.e., rotation in the direction of arrow a, the rotating with the high-speed step / ESH b will rotate the ratchet 4 ahead of the bush 10. In connection with this, the bevels of the teeth 26, the bevel of the teeth 25, repel bushing 10 right; then a ratchet will be completed with a ratchet 9. Automating the reversal of the above torques is achieved, thanks to the fact that the ratchets rotate on the shaft or from a drive with a different number of revolutions, interact with their teeth with the hub teeth located them on a sliding key and having the possibility of alternating snatching with Ratchets depending on its extreme position. When pushing the sleeve from one ratchet and approaching the other, its jamming is excluded, since the retractable spring-loaded end of the sleeve absorbs the harmful axial forces arising at this moment. 1. Reversible hfap coupling containing the drive and the driven half coupling mounted coaxially on the shaft with the possibility of interconnection with one-sided bevelled teeth, in order to ensure the automation of the reverse of the 17 17 18 1S "two different torque points alternately transfer them to the shaft, it is equipped with a concentrically mounted on the driven semi-hull and a spring with an axially directed ring with snaps — i and a tooth — u at the end, which means. The malleable bevel is of working surfaces, the half-coupling is made in the form of a plug connected to the ring with the help of slots, and the drive unit, in the form of two drive axially fixed on the shaft of the ratchet. 2. A clutch according to claim I, characterized in that the sleeve is complete with radial bores and provided with spring-loaded balls mounted in the radial bores having interaction with the shaft. Sources of information, accepted in the attendees at the examination 1. Dreshetova DI. Details of the machines. M. : Mashinostroenie, 1975, p., 599. 2, USSR Copyright Certificate N5 501208, cl. F 16 D 1 / 1O, 1975. f

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