SU608920A1 - Bottomset bed sampler - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to devices designed for geological exploration at the bottom of the sea. Studies carried out by samplers of various designs are one of the direct methods for solving the problems of studying the ocean of the oceans in order to obtain information about the composition and stratigraphy of sediments and the recovery of industrial placers of minerals.

The sampler of bottom sediments is known, including a column pipe and a propulsion chamber in the form of a pneumatic chamber with jet nozzles 1. The introduction of the sampler into the ground occurs due to reactive spla.

The drawbacks of this sampler are that the one-time reactive effect is not enough to penetrate into block bottom sediments over the entire length of the core pipe, while vibrating the soil sample is mixed, resulting in a detailed study of the sediment stratigraphy, as well as a number of other properties. In addition, great efforts are required to remove the sampler.

The sampler of bottom sediments, including a column pipe and a propulsion unit in the form of two pneumatic chambers with jet nozzles directed to the microprocessor 2 is also known.

positive sides 2. This device allows for the sampling of bottom sediments by crushing a column tube into the bottom by reactive force, which occurs after the gas is exhausted from the chamber through the jet nozzles. Compressed gas is generated in the chamber due to the combustion of solid propellant.

However, this sampler does not allow for the multiple application of a reactive force impulse to a core pipe that is immersed in the bottom soil. This limits the depth of sampling introduction and the possible length of the geological sample being sampled. It is also undesirable to replace explosives (rocket fuel) in the structures of underwater technical means.

The aim of the invention is to create reusable loads on the column pipe and to increase the output of the core by creating a suction.

Claims (2)

This is achieved by the fact that in the sampler the nozzles are located concentrically with the core tube, and the pneumatic chambers have provided: pistons concentric with respect to the core tube to periodically discharge the fuzzy gas into the nozzles, with the upper edge of the nozzle located below the upper end of the core tube. The drawing shows a general design scheme for sampling of sediments. The sampler consists of a propulsion unit 1 and a core tube consisting of two coaxially arranged pipes — an outer 2 and an upper (core) 3. The propulsor is firmly attached to the outer tube by means of junction 4. The inner tube 3 is centered about the axis of the outer rings 5 and 6. Bottom A crown 7 with a core holder 8 is attached to the outer tube. The propeller consists of inevmokamera-bottom 9 and top 10, to which guide nozzles 11 and 12 are attached. Each of the pneumatic chambers is divided into two cavities by pistons 13 and 14. Highway 15 serves to fill and upper cavities 16 and 17 chambers, and highways 18 and 19 - lower. The required seals are carried out with rubber rings 20. The outer pipe 2 has drills 21 through which, when the chamber 9 is opened, part of the air flows into the annular channel between pipes 2 and 3 and then through the holes in the centering ring 5 is fed to the crown 22 again. filling the jet nozzle 11 with water, the air is displaced through the channel between the outer pipe 2 and the piston 13 and further through drilling 23. The bottom geological sampling using the described device is performed as follows. The device is lowered from the support vessel to the bottom and installed at the geological sampling point. The directional jet nozzles And and 12 are filled with water. From the compressor or from the compressed air cylinder through the high pressure pipe 15, the upper cavities 16 and 17 of the pneumatic chambers are filled to the required pressure. In this case, the pores 13 and 14 are pressed tightly down. On line 19, the lower cavity of the upper pneumatic chamber is filled with compressed air. Upon reaching a certain design pressure in this cavity, the piston moves up and opens it. The compressed air that has been pulled out of the cavity ejects water from the guide nozzle 12, creating a hydro-reactive force which presses the device into the ground. After the pressure drops in the lower cavity of the upper chamber, the spraying 14 returns to its original position, and water fills the nozzle 12. Compressed air is again supplied through line 19, and the process of crushing the device into the ground is repeated. In order to improve the soil intake conditions, the upper base of the sampler core tube protrudes above the base of the wall of the nozzle 12 so that with the maximum expansion of the air ejected from chamber 10, the air-water boundary does not reach the end of the pipe. When water is discharged from the nozzle 12 at the upper base of the earth-acceptance of the device, a discharge is created, contributing to better soil removal. After the sampler is buried in the ground through line 18, the compressed air is supplied to the lower cavity of the pneumatic chamber 9. Chamber 9 operates similarly to chamber 10. When it is opened when opened, the escaping compressed air releases water from the guide nozzle 11, which creates a hydro-reactive force pulling the device out of the ground. At the same time, part of the air through the holes 21 in the outer pipe 2, the coaxial channel between the pipes and the holes in the centering ring 5 is fed to the crown 7 and then through the channel 22 to the bottom. This reduces the vacuum at the bottom of the well and, accordingly, the force required to tear the sampler. After the sampler is removed from the soil, it is lifted with a sampled column onto the support vessel. The advantages of the proposed sampler in comparison with the known similar devices are that, with comparative simplicity and reliability of the design, it can be used for sampling of bottom sediments represented by dense soils. The possibility of multiple repetition of hydrotreating force pulses allows you to select a column of geological samples from the bottom of the sea. much greater length than when working with samplers based on a one-time force on the core receiver. Geological sampling takes place without significant disturbance of the natural layer-by-layer structure of the bottom sediments. DETAILED STORAGE Sampler, comprising a column pipe and a propulsion unit in the form of two pneumatic chambers with jet nozzles directed in opposite directions, characterized in that, in order to create multiple loads on the core pipe and increase the core output by creating a suction, the nozzles are concentric with the column tube, and pneumocameras are equipped with pistons concentric with respect to the core tube for periodically releasing compressed gas into the nozzles, with the upper edge of the nozzle located same upper end of the core tube. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. UK patent number 1030298, cl. E IF, publ. 1966. 2. The UK patent number 1088294, cl. E IF, publ. 1965. nineteen 1g 22