SU603062A1 - Power-diode electric motor - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of electric drive.

Valve electric motors (VD) are known, the pairs of which are located at an angle of 180 degrees. Degrees of the core winding of which are connected in series with the transistors of a semiconductor switch form two cells, and at least one of the common points of each cell is connected to one of the power supply terminals. direct current, and parallel to the sections of both cells are connected devices to sew up transistors from overvoltages 2j,

Also known are VD, in which the cells are connected to each other in series, and as a protection device for the transistors of each overvoltage cell, a Zener diode is used, which is connected via diodes to both sections of the H cell. By its technical essence and achieved result, this VD is closest to the proposed invention.

The disadvantages of the known VD with series cell connection are. L1 o they are characterized by increased energy losses

and relatively low reliability when using known protection devices. This is explained by the fact that the current of self-induction flowing in the disconnected section and the Zener diode of the protection device at the time of switching the cell transistors does not create a useful electromagnetic (caused only by heating the section and protection elements), and the voltage applied at the time of switching to the locked transistor reaches large quantities. The specified voltage is the sum of the voltage of the power source of the EMF of the self induced voltage in the section to be disconnected and the EMF of self-induction arising in the other cell's section due to a decrease in the total motor current; w at the time of switching of the transistors of any cell.

In order to increase reliability and improve energy performance in the proposed valve motor, the Zener diode protection of transistors against overvoltages is connected to a single electrode. the common point of the cell sections connected to one of the power supply terminals, the other electrode to the diode anodes, and the cell directly connected to the other power source terminal is biased in the opposite direction by the diode.

FIG. 1-1 shows the electrical circuit of the device proposed in FIG. 2 and 3 are timing diagrams of currents and voltages in the circuit elements during operation of the described device. The described device contains sections of the electric motor winding 1-4, semiconductor switch transistors 5-8, diodes 9-13, zener diode 14, power supply terminals 15 and 16. In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, time diagrams of the states of the switch transistors are indicated, and the numbers indicate the number of transistors (see FIG. 1) included in the corresponding time interval; timing diagrams of the emf of rotation of the sections (e, e, -e, e), and the emf of self-induction (c, e) ("D, -b) induced in the sections at the time of locking transistors connected to them, as well as currents in the sections ( 0, Jg ъ due to the action with jt "p. Of the corresponding emf of self-induction. Negative values of the emf of rotation correspond to the flow of the operating current through the sections, i.e. the emf of rotation at this moment acts against the source voltage. A pair of sections 1 and 2 are located relative to each other at an angle of 180 degrees. grad and transistors 5 and 6 form the first cell of the VD, and a couple of seconds 3 and 4 are also located relative to each other at an angle JlBO al.grad, together with the transistor mi 7 and 8 form the second cell of the VD. Sections 3 and 4 are displaced in space relative to sections 1 and 2 at an angle of 9 O e. The stabilitron 14, connected by one electrode to clip 16 of the power supply, and the other electrode through diodes 9-12 with collectors of transistors of both cells, protects the switch resistors from overvoltages. Diode 13, shunting in the opposite direction „o„ „« «uAUKv. nfin ".-, oRflHHvio sections 3 and the cell formed by sections 3 and 4 and transistors 7 and 8 increase the reliability of operation of the specified protection. When the VD is connected to the terminals 15 and 16 of the power supply, transistors 5-8, according to the signals of the rotor position sensor (not shown in the diagram), begin to commute the current in sections 1-4 of the electric winding core. In this case, the transistors of each pair of 5 and 6 and 7 and 8 are eroded-between themselves in the "

tivofaze, i.e. if one of the transistors of the pair is open, the other is closed and. vice versa. In turn, the transistors of different pairs of switches relative to each other with a phase shift of 9 °.

Claims (3)

Thus, at each instant of time, the current flows successively through one of the sections of the first and second $ g of cells. As a result of the interaction of the current sections with the inductor, the rotor of the motor comes into continuous rotation, which is supported by the corresponding alternating switching of current in the sections with the help of transistors of either one or another cell. At the moment of switching the transistors of the second cell, for example, the tozistor 7 is closed, and the transistor b opens, self-induction EMF with the polarity indicated in FIG. 1. If at this moment the transistor p 5 of the first cell is open, then at the expense of the specified emf through the open transistor 5, section 1,. Zener diode 14 (self-induced emf and exceeds the breakdown voltage of the zener diode) diode 11, section 3 will pass an impulse of electric current. This current, which flows into the syncctihuch ich tl p / Cht r r rtlvact D section 1, provides an increment of the torque of the electric motor, since the considered moment of time corresponds to the middle of the switching interval of section 1 -. Accordingly, when the transistor 8 is locked and the i of the transistor 7 is unlocked, self-induction EMF induced in section 4 causes a similar increase in torque due to the flow of current also to one of the sections of the first cell. Thus, the inclusion of Zener diode 14 by the proposed method provides a certain increase in the torque. The voltage level (U) at the emitter is the collector junction of the closing of the second cell's transistor, which determines the voltage of the pktani source (U) and the voltage of the Zener diode 14 (UCT), " V cT-Ta ««. Usually, UCT «-rach. Section n, in nPri switching transistors first circuit works as follows. If transistor 5 closes, transistor 6 opens, and transistor 7 is opened in the second cell. In this case, the EMF, self-induction, induced in section 1 causes current pulse to flow only in this section (through Zener diode 14 and diode 9J. Due to the fact that Due to the switching of transistors 5 to 6, the total motor current drawdown occurs, self-induction EMF occurs in section 3, as a result of which section 3 through aaaa 13 and open transistor 7 will pass a pulse also creating an incremental torque increment. The moment of torque will also occur when the switch is turned off to an anisistor — the transistor 8 is locked and the transistor 7 is turned off. The voltage at the emitter-collector junction of the first transistor to be closed is also equal to the sum of the supply voltage (U p) and the Zener diode 14 (UCT) voltage. Te 1.7 and „. Note that, in the well-known LD, the voltage at the emitter-collector junction of the closed transistor of any cell is . If diode 13 was absent in the motor circuit, then the emitter-collector junction of the first cell being closed transistor would have a voltage equal to the sum-Un Ui and, where the self-induction EMF is induced in sections 3 or 4 of the switching transistors S and 6. The indicated total voltage significantly exceeds the voltage at the emitter-collector junction of the closed transistor of the second cell and, in the absence of diode 13, causes a sharp decrease in the reliability of the electric motor. Thus, the proposed electric motor with one It has an increased reliability, since the transistors of its switch in the process of operation are less overvoltage than the transistors of known VDs, and, on the other hand, have energy performance, as the current bursts inevitable when switching transistors in sections of the motor offered useful work - create an additional pre-enrichment of the elective juvenile moment. Claims of invention The valve electric motor, a pair located at an angle of 180 e. hail, whose core sections, having a common connection point, connected in series with the switch transistors, form the first and second cells connected in series with each other, which contain protection elements from the switch overload transistors, for example, on a zener diode and cathodes connected to transistor collectors , characterized in that, in order to increase reliability and improve energy performance, the zener diode is connected by a single electrode to the common point of the sections of the first cell, Inonii with one of the terminals of the power supply, the other electrode - to the anodes of diodes, and the cell, neposrsadstvenno coupled to another terminal of the power supply, shunted diode in the reverse direction. Sources of information taken into account during ekspertiz: 1. I. Ovchinnikov and N. Lebedev. Non-contact engines of direct current of automatic devices. M, Science, 1966, p. 49-55. 2.Ovchinnikov I.E. DC motors with semiconductor switches, M., Nauka, 1972. 3.Izchinnikov I.Ye. and Lebedev I.I., Contactless DC motors for automatic devices. Lee, Science, L., 1966,: p. 81. with. 126. att X