SU473525A1 - Continuous centrifuge for separation of suspension - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of separation of liquid inhomogeneous systems under the action of centrifugal forces, in particular to continuously operating centrifuges for separating suspensions, for example, with crystalline, plant-cell or fibrous solid phase.

A continuously operating centrifuge for separating suspensions is known, comprising a conical rotor with a filtering device.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the separation of suspensions. This is achieved by the fact that the centrifuge rotor has a number of annular grooves with openings for draining the filtrate located along its forming line, and the filtering device contains a series of sieves, each of which is installed in the grooves.

Sieves can be made in the form of a cylindrical shell, with a conical profile, or toroidal.

In addition, annular recesses are located in the area of the rotor between the grooves.

Replaceable rings are installed in the area of the rotor between the grooves to protect the rotor from wear. In the grooves of the rotor in front of the screens are placed filter elements made of a material different from the sediment of the treated suspension.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed centrifuge; in fig. 2 - section of the rotor, including sieves installed in the grooves; in fig. 3 - the section of the rotor, including annular recesses between the grooves; in fig. 4 - part of the rotor with interchangeable rings.

The centrifuge includes a rotor 2 located inside the fixed casing 1 with a filtering device.

The rotor has a series of annular grooves 3 with openings 4 for draining the filtrate, located along the rotor generatrix.

The filtering device contains a series of sieves 5-7, each of which is installed in the grooves 3. The sieves can be made in the form of a cylindrical shell, with a conical profile or toroid.

In the section of the rotor 2 between the grooves 3 there are annular recesses 8. In the grooves 3 of the rotor, in front of the screens, filter elements 9 are made of a material different from the sediment of the suspension being processed.

To protect the rotor from wear, replaceable rings 10 are installed between the grooves. Inside the rotor, nozzles 11 are placed above the grooves 3 for periodic regeneration in the course of the filtering sections. The nozzle 12 serves to continuously supply the washing liquid in the section of the rotor with annular recesses 8. The collectors 13 and 14 are used to collect the filtrate and have nozzles 15 and 16 for draining the latter.

The angle of inclination of the generatrix of the rotor is chosen so that tga is more painful than the coefficient of friction of sediment in the section of the rotor between the grooves and less than the coefficient of friction of sediment at the section of the rotor along the width of the groove. At the same time, the width of the groove 3 is shaped in a way that the rotor is directly proportional to the distance between the grooves and the ratio of friction coefficients of the sediment in the rotor sections between the grooves and along the width of the grooves with a proportionality factor of 1.2-1.8.

The depth of the annular grooves B between the grooves 3 is 3-10 effective diameters of the sediment particles, and the length of the first section of the undercut along the mixture, the suspension size is 2-4 the length of the second portion of the undercut;

The centrifuge works as follows.

The suspension is fed to the lower part of the rotor 2, is involved in the latter in rotation and moves in a thin layer along the first active section of the rotor between the grooves 3. At the same time, the speed of movement of the sludge along the generatrix increases, as tga is greater than the coefficient of friction of the sediment in the specified area.

Next, the suspension enters the acceleration mode to the first filter section between the grooves, and part of the filtrate is removed into the collector 1.3 through the filter element 9, the sieve and the opening 4. Then the movement of the precipitate in the filter section slows down, since the coefficient of friction of the precipitate is greater than tga per this area, and the sediment particles are compacted and rearranged.

Under the pressure of the sediment particles in the area of the rotor between the grooves, the sediment is shifted to the filter section. The sediment particles fall into the second active area, while their speed along the generatrix of the rotor increases. In the acceleration mode, the particles enter the second filter section, where their speed falls, they are compacted and rearranged, and part of the filtrate is discharged into the collection. Then the cycle repeats.

Subject invention

Claims (7)

1. A continuously operating centrifuge for separating suspensions, including a conical rotor with a filtering device, characterized in that, in order to increase the separation efficiency, the rotor has a number of annular grooves with holes for the removal of filtrate located along its generators, and the filtering device contains a series of sieves, each of which is installed in the grooves. 2. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieves are made in the form of a cylindrical shell. 3. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieves are made with a conical profile. 4. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieves are toroidal. 5. A centrifuge of Clause 1, characterized in that annular recesses are made in the section of the rotor between the grooves. 6. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to protect the rotor from wear, replaceable rings are installed between the grooves in the section of the rotor. 7. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that filter elements are made in the grooves of the rotor in front of the sieves, made of a material different from the sediment of the treated suspension. Figg (rig.d. J five Fig..h