SU376855A1 - AUTOMATIC EQUALIZING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of automatic balancing of rotors during operation, when the initial balancing achieved during the manufacture of a machine may be disrupted during operation due to wear and displacement of rotor elements and other causes, or due to the work process itself.

The known automatic balancing devices provide dynamic balancing of shafts using freely moving balancing masses.

However, equilibration with their help is provided only at speeds of rotation higher than critical.

The proposed device contains a dynamic shaft balancing unit with balancing weights and differs from those known in that, in order to expand the balance range, the dynamic balancing unit contains the following system for installing balancing weights in the imbalance plane, such as a segment master located in a plane, perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, two light sources and photoresistors located symmetrically on both sides of the shaft axis in the plane and a sensing element, and a bridge circuit, the shoulders of which include photoresistors, and in the diagonal - a polarized relay connected to a drive mounted on the shaft axis, and a tracking imbalance compensation system rigidly connected to the drive, made in the form of a direction determining sensitive element compensation of engines connected to it kinematically connected with balancing weights. The device also differs in

What is installed there is a centrifugal regulator with contacts, placed along the axis of the shaft, and the contacts of the regulator are connected through the sensitive element of the compensation direction determination with the motors.

The scheme of the proposed automatic balancing device shown in the drawing.

The device contains a block of dynamic balancing of the shaft, including a sensing element 1, which indicates the plane of imbalance and is made in the form of a segment, freely mounted on the shaft 2 of the drive 3, resistors 4 and 5, two photoresistors 6 included in the shoulders

bridge circuit, two light sources 7, polarized relay 8 with RP contacts, sensing element 9 with contacts, which indicates the presence of rotor imbalance, motors 10, balance weight

11 and the centrifugal regulator 12. Last

It is adjusted in such a way that with the help of contacts 1КР and 2КР after reaching the critical speed the control system setting is reversed.

The geometrical axes of the regulator 12 sensing elements / and I of drive 3, when installed in the rotor, are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the latter.

In the proposed device, the sensing elements / and 5 are not intended to directly balance the rotors.

Elements 7 and 9 work due to the dynamic properties of the system. At subcritical speeds, the sensing elements automatically show "I desire, and on the supercritical, the opposite (" light) sides of the rotor. In the absence of deflection, i.e., with a balanced rotor, the balancer is switched off.

The device works as follows.

When an unbalanced rotor rotates at a subcritical velocity, its deflection vector coincides with the unbalance vector. The load of the sensing element 1 is set in the diametral plane passing through the deflection vector. If at the same time the sensor element equally closes the photoresistors, the bridge in which they are included is balanced. Contact RP relay 8 is in the middle position. In the case when the sensitive element turns and closes one of the photoresistances, the second is fully illuminated. In this case, the bridge is unbalanced and current flows through relay 8, contact RP closes and turns on drive 3, which turns shaft 2, and with it sensor element 9 and motors 10 with balancing weight until the two photoresistors 6 are lit half. At the same time, the sensing element 9 indicates the direction of the imbalance and, by closing the contacts Ki, K.2 or Kz, Ki includes motors 10, which, rotating in one direction or the other, mix the load 11 in a direction in which the existing imbalance is compensated. The motors will mix the load until the imbalance is balanced (i.e., until all the contacts of the sensing element 9 are open.

In the device, where the rotors operate at speeds higher than critical, if their unbalance changes during operation, a regulator 12 is inserted, adjusted so that when the critical speed is reached, the setting of the engine control system 10 is reversed.

This is necessary because the sensitive element always indicates the direction of the deflection vector, which, at velocities greater than critical, is directed opposite to the unbalance vector.

The proposed device provides automatic balancing of the rotor at all speeds, both lower and higher than the critical one.

The use of several devices, respectively, located on a flexible rotor, provides automatic balancing of the latter for several forms of vibrations.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. An automatic balancing device comprising a dynamic shaft balancing unit with balancing weights, characterized in that, in order to expand the balance range, the dynamic shaft balancing unit contains the following balancing weights installation system in the unbalance plane, for example, a segment ma located in the plane, perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, two light sources and photoresistors, located symmetrically on both sides of and the shaft in the plane of the sensing element, and the bridge circuit, the shoulders of which include photoresistors, and in the diagonal - a polarized relay connected to a drive mounted on the shaft axis, and the following imbalance compensation system rigidly connected to the drive, made in the form of a sensitive the element of determining the direction of compensation, the engines connected to it, kinematically associated with balancing weights. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that a centrifugal regulator is mounted along the axis of the shaft with contacts connected via a sensing element for determining the direction of compensation with the engines.