SU37077A1 - Apparatus for producing air enriched with oxygen and noble gases - Google Patents

Description

It is well known what an important role oxygen plays in various industries. Typically, the source of oxygen is atmospheric air, containing on average a volume of 78.06% nitrogen, 20.8% oxygen, 0, noble gases, and the remainder up to 100-carbon dioxide and other gases in small quantities. It was also established that an increase in the oxygen content in the mixture entails a significant intensification of oxidative processes; therefore, attempts have been made repeatedly to enrich the air with oxygen. One of the known methods is based on the fact that when dissolved in air water, the individual ingredients in its composition do not dissolve to the same degree, namely nitrogen is less soluble in water than oxygen and noble gases. If air is dissolved in water and then dissolved gases are separated from water, then the resulting mixture after purification from carbon dioxide has a composition (by volume) of nitrogen and oxygen of 34.7%, noble gases l, 3Vo, i.e. as atmospheric air, it contains about 3.8 volumes of nitrogen per 1 volume of oxygen; air from water contains only 1.8 volumes of nitrogen per 1 volume of oxygen. In addition, the content of noble gases is increased by 1.5 times.

The methods proposed up to now for enriching air with oxygen by dissolving in water and then evacuating gases from it required quite complex equipment and did not allow for gas mixtures enriched with oxygen in large quantities of rex that are required by modern large-scale industrial installations.

The present invention aims at obtaining these mixtures enriched with oxygen and noble gases on a large scale, based on the following prerequisites.

If there are two reservoirs with different levels, then you can flush the water from the upper reservoir in two ways — either dig a canal from the upper reservoir to the lower one, or, if the watershed does not exceed about 9 meters, arrange a siphon, lower its ends into the reservoirs, sucking the air from the siphon pipe — the water rises and will overflow, as in an ordinary canal. Each hydropower station is two reservoirs, where water from the upper one descends through the canal through the turbine to the lower reservoir. A siphon device requires a circulating U-shaped chamber, one end of which must be embedded in a pressure pipe that supplies water to a turbine. The height of the wall through which the rising water must overflow must be less than 10 meters. Its height will be equal to the difference in the height of a column of water that wakes above the level of the river and the thickness of the layer poured over it.

If the roof of the siphon is lifted by 15-18 meters above the surface of the river and at the highest point suction of gases from the water, then at suction the pressure will decrease and the gases will come out of the water. The water coming from the river to the siphon is saturated with air (at 5 °) in the amount of 2.6 cubic meters. meters of gas per 100 cubic meters. meters of water; getting to the top of the siphon, where the vacuum, for example, will be maintained at 0.1 atmosphere, the water will give up 2.34 cubic meters. meters of gas and will take to the turbine only 0.26 cubic meters. meters per 100 cubic meters. meters of water.

If there is a turbine passing 300 cc. meters of water per second or 9.45 cu. kilometers per year, you can get 192 million cubic meters. meters of air enriched with oxygen and noble gases, per year.

The amount of gases produced from a 300 cc water stream. m per second

used by 80%.

Consequently, for the extraction of such air, it is necessary to build an iron-impermeable for atmospheric air chamber-siphon, sufficiently wide at the top, allowing water to remain in the boiling chamber for 2 minutes (this time can be determined precisely from the experiment). The left part of the chamber will look like a cap, dipped by the edges into the water. Air from the water sucked in by the exhauster will be supplied to the gas tank, and from the gas tank, a turbo blower or a piston compressor will supply it to the blast furnace or to liquefy oxygen and produce nitrogen gas, argon, neon, krypton and gels.

In the table below, the amount of gases that can be obtained with 80% of the water flow carrying 300 cubic meters is calculated. meters of water per second and having a temperature close to plus 1 °. Such streams of water flow through the large turbines of modern hydropower plants.

The accompanying drawings give an exemplary scheme for the implementation of the above

To obtain air enriched with oxygen and noble gases. FIG. 1 shows a section of a hydroelectric dam, with a siphon installed; FIG. 2 gives another embodiment, where K is a boiling chamber and Z is a pipe.

The subject matter of the invention.

A device for producing air enriched with oxygen and noble gases from water passing through turbines of hydroelectric power plants, characterized in that it consists of 1) a chamber K installed in the upstream of the tank, the top of which is connected to a vacuum pump or other device for sucking air from chambers and 2) pipes L, the upper end of which is placed inside the chamber, above the water level in the pool, and communicating the chamber with the lower pool.

Fig2