SU36A1 - The corridor is a multi-chamber car charcoal kiln - Google Patents

Description

The proposed furnace is intended to produce metallurgical coal and coal in a case (with a crust), and, in terms of fuel economy, it takes into account the use of both the heat of exothermic decomposition reactions of wood and the latent heat of podsmolny water. In addition, according to the authors, the design of this furnace allows a number of charcoal experiments to be carried out to select the most advantageous race method.

Unlike the existing types of charcoal kilns, according to the authors, the proposed stove should carry out thermostatic drying of firewood with the aid of using retour furnace gases cooled with fresh firewood, and retour gases serve to lower the temperature of the flue gases; in order to save fuel, a cooler was used in the drying chamber, which allows to utilize the evaporation heat of subsurface water; To use the heat of exothermic decomposition of wood, the distillation chamber is divided into two independent parts, with the heat generated by the exothermic reaction

in the second chamber, it is used, both for bringing the process of coking to the end, and for heating the wood in the first distillation chamber. The distillation chamber is heated by acetic acid-free and re-heated in a recuperator, outside the furnace, with gases, thereby eliminating the possibility of acetic acid decomposition.

In order to avoid too rapid flow of exothermic decomposition of wood, as well as in order to obtain coal with a crust, the caulking chambers can be cooled with cold furnace gases or cold podsmolnom water and through pipes at the top of the distillation chambers.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is a plan and FIG. 3 - cross section of the proposed furnace.

The furnace is divided in length into a number of chambers, of which: 1-a - the introduction chamber serves to introduce trolleys loaded with wood into the furnace, and the 7-exit chamber serves to discharge the charred and cooled wood to the furnace; these extreme oven chambers.

interconnected by pipeline, constantly filled with cold or warm furnace gases, which eliminates the possibility of air penetration into the furnace during loading and unloading; 2-a - drying chamber, in which the wood enters the trolleys from the first chamber; the drying chamber is heated directly by flue gases cooled to 180 ° by admixture of retreat gases supplied by fans of cold gases from the same dryer and by a fridge heater 8, 9 heated by condensing steam from the distillation compartment. Batteries of iron 8 and copper 9 pipes of the heater and the furnace are calculated and regulated so that part of the water from the dryer leaves in the form of a liquid for maximum heat use. A sprinkler 19 for cold pitch water is placed in the intermediate pipe, the connecting part of the heater, which lowers the temperature in the heater before the vapor begins to condense in order to increase the heat transfer from the vapor to the walls of the heater in the first part. The distillation chambers 3 and 4 are divided into two parts according to two race periods in the first part: 3, the temperature is brought to 200 - 280 ° C, and in the second part 4 the heating starts from 290 ° C, from which point the exothermic process begins, and the temperature reaches up to 400 ° C. Gases emitted during the exothermic process serve to heat chamber 3, and an excess of gases goes to the drying air heater; the distillation gases are preheated in a special superheater in order to avoid the decomposition of acetic acid.

In order to avoid an overly intense or rapid reaction, during the race, a wood cooling system was introduced inside the distillation chambers, consisting of pipes for retreat refrigeration distillation gases and sprinklers 21 for cold water; in the case of overly strong pressure in the furnace, with a fast process, the chambers are equipped with large-diameter discharge pipes 22.

By reducing the distillation chambers to a minimum due to the drying chambers, better utilization of heat and production of concentrated by-products is achieved.

The 5th chamber is mature and the 6th cooling chamber ends the charring process, after which the coal trolleys, through the outlet chamber 7, are discharged.

The carriage movement in the furnace is carried out on rollers 18 rotating from the outside.

A condensation system was introduced in the kiln to trap the distillate products; water with a temperature of about 35 ° C containing most of the residues of acetic acid, and the second works with cold podsmolny water cooled below 0 ° C and releases it at a temperature of -j-2 ° C to delay the main mass of alcohol; Thus, fractionated withdrawal of epaulettes: resins (into a resin bath) and pellace, concentrated acetic acid in a heater, and alcohol in two refrigerators, facilitates the purification of epaulets. For servicing the furnace, there is a furnace for the drying chamber 13, a gas heater with a separate furnace 14, a building for appliances 15, exhausters 10 and 12 and hydraulics 16.

According to the authors, the proposed stove allows to rely on fuel consumption of about 13.9% in the case of fresh birch, and in air-dry wood (20%) with a normal race, only 1.8%, and at an angle with a crust of 3.3% , subject to an external temperature of about 30 C.

SUBJECT OF INVENTION.

Corridor multi-chamber charcoal kiln with a special drying chamber, characterized in that for heating the drying chamber 2, along with flue gases, diluted exhaust gases in the dryer, it is equipped with coolers-coolers 8, 9, operating due to the heat of dry distillation, partially condensing in the heater and that its two chambers 3, 4 for pereuguli, in order to avoid the rapid reaction of the decomposition of wood, equipped with accessories for cooling cold furnace gases and cold Tar water.

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