SU35113A1 - Machine for removing the core and stalks of fruit - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to machines for removing the core and the stems from the fruit with a device for automatically moving the latter, leading them to the receiving mechanisms. In the proposed machine, on the circumference of the drum there is a row of jaw-shaped gripping devices with shoulders for holding the fruits when exposed to moving sickle-shaped knives that remove the core. Between the designated shoulders, in order to close the jaws, periodically moved wedge-shaped plates are located, and springs are used to close the jaws. In order to move the sickle-shaped knives, the latter are connected by a rod with a strap, secured to the reciprocating slide. To hold the stems of the fruit, when the bones are removed, a movable plate parallel to each other and cut off the pipe is placed between the opening of the feeding tube of the fruit and the gripping device.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view of a car; FIG. 2 is a horizontal section along the line AB in FIG. one; FIG. 3 is a vertical view in partial section of the right side of FIG. one; FIG. 4-bottom of FIG. 3 in more.

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large scale; FIG. 4 and 4 are one detail of FIG. 4 in two different working positions; FIG. 5 is a section along the line CI) in FIG. 2; FIG. b-view of one end of the rotating drum with exciting fruit fixtures; FIG. 7 is a side view of the drum, partly cut along the f: F line in FIG. 6; FIG. 8-view of the car from the rear in vertical | 1 projection and partially in section; F1 G9-cmd on top of the fruit distribution device; FIG. 10 is a detail of a drive mechanism informing the above-mentioned drum to periodically rotate; FIG. 11, 12, 13 and 14 - in the longitudinal axial section and on a larger scale, one of the devices for capturing and extracting the cores and stalks in its four different positions, namely, in retardation, i.e. at the end of reverse movement, in the initial position, in the approximate middle position and in the final position at the end of the forward movement.

A hollow is attached to the foundation of the machine in the oceaoN direction of the column /, (Figs. 1 and 3) with knitting needles or spacers 2, which have the purpose to support the circular crown 3, at the outer edge of which there is an expanding cone-shaped wall 4. the wall is designed to hold the fruit entering the cone-shaped plate 5. The edge of the plate lies on the crown 3, and in the middle part of it is tightly fastened to the upper end of the shaft 6 fixed rotationally in the column /. At the lower end of the shaft 6, the bevel gear 7 is wedged (Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 8). The plate 5 (FIG. 9) is provided with radial ribs 8, which have a curvilinear shape if possible. These ribs terminate in portions fitted with small brushes (not shown in the drawing), which serve to push fruit toward wall 4 of crown 3. Corona 3

and its wall 4 receives to the front end of the machine a certain broadening, in which holes 10 are placed (Fig. 3 and 9), having a circular cross section, the diameter of which is a little larger than the largest diameter of the fruit. Due to the rotation of the plate 5 under the action of the ribs S and with the assistance of the brushes with which the ends of the 9 ribs are fitted, the fruit is moved to the circumference of the plate and fall into the openings JO. For the direction of movement of the falling down fruit, guide tubes are adjacent to the openings JO. By giving a pipe a suitable bend, it is possible to arrange their lower ends in one straight line row, with the ends being held in a straight row by two u-shaped clamps / 2 and J3 (Figs. 1, 3, 8 and 9) fastened between themselves with bolts 14. The collar // is attached to the bracket / 5 attached to the column- /.

The bevel wheel 7, which sits on the lower end of the shaft 6, engages with the second bevel gear wheel 16, stuck on one of the ends of the horizontal shaft / 7 (Fig. 2, 3, 7 and 8),. rotationally reinforced in a bearing 2 /. At the other end of the shaft / 7, a worm gear / S (Figs. 2, 3, 4) is reinforced, receiving a slow rotation from a screw that sits on a drive shaft 20 mounted on a rotationally mounted on bearings 20.

In the front part of the machine is equipped with a hollow drum supported by bearings 27 (Fig. 1, 2, 4, 5, b), fixed on the foundation 23 of the machine; This drum makes successive turns at certain intervals under the action of an eccentric 59 (Fig. 2 and 8), mounted on the shaft 20 (Fig. 2, 8 and 10). The eccentric 59 is connected to the connecting rod 5 /; (Fig. 1, 2 and 10), the other end of which is hinged to the free end of the lever 62, sitting idle on a small shaft 63. The idle gear 64 is also mounted on this shaft and tightly connected to the last ratchet 6S, equipped with inclined teeth 67 (Fig. 10). The gear 64 engages a second gear 65 of smaller diameter wedged on the shaft 22 of the drum 22 (Figs. 1, 2 and 10). On the hinge pin of the lever 62, connected to the connecting rod 6f, a pawl 66 is mounted, which engages with the teeth 67 of the ratchet 6S. The number of teeth. 67, located at equal distances from each other, is chosen such that during each return movement of the connecting rod 6 / (and therefore the dogs 66) the ratchet 6S and the gear wheel b would turn through a certain angle. The length of the return stroke of the connecting rod 6 / and the transmission between the gear wheels 64 and 65 are chosen so that during the whole time of complete reverse movement of the connecting rod b / gear 65, and with it the rotation 22 corresponding to one full circle also occurs. Since each turn of the drive shaft 20 corresponds to a full turn of the eccentric 59, then at each full turn of the shaft one movement will occur forward and one movement backward of the connecting rod 6 /, and the dog 66 will first engage in one of the teeth 67 of the ratchet 6S, and then at the same time, it will rotate the toothed wheels 64 and 65, as a result of which the drum 22 will turn a quarter of a turn.

Axis 22 of the drum 22 lies in a vertical plane passing at the same time through the straight line on which the centers of circular sections lie in a row along one straight line, the ends of all pipes //.

Along the four drum-forming 22 nv axles 24 are located in a row

ALONG about another ten jaw-shaped fascinating devices 25, having the form of forceps, whose jaws (figs, 1, 2, 3 and 4) are provided with cavities, while the shoulders 2 (, 25, which set the jaws in motion, have straight The edges of both jaws at the points opposite to the hinges, also reveal cuts, which facilitate penetration of the exciting and “snuggling cores”, To the drum 22 by means of the support shafts 27 plates 9 / with a curved surface are attached, covering the drum 22 in between in two rows of pincers 25, 26. located as rows of pins, to said leaching. affixed springs 90 having the purpose to bring together between themselves each pair of shoulders 26, 26 respectively forceps and removed from each other gripping jaw same forceps.

Over drum 22 and auxiliary

the ends of the tubes 7 / placed a device with the aim of having such an effect on the stalks of fruit that the attachment points of these stalks are located; lived on a continuation

 those vertical straight lines that pass through the centers of the tube orifices, or, if necessary, also remove these stems after

. The crank will be captured by the gripping devices 25.,.

This device consists of two parallel ones with each other and horizontal movable plates 52, 92 (Figs. 4, 4 and 4) making progressive movements, slipping along the guides not shown in the drawing so that they can alternately move closer to each other, overlapping one another, then move away from each other. The edges of the plates 92.92 opposite each other are parallel between themselves and with respect to the plane passing through the straight line connecting all the diameters of the pipes // and the four axes of the bearings of the tongs 25, 26.

As soon as the fruit falls into the tongs 25, the plates 92, 92 begin to draw closer together. Since the edges of the plates lying opposite each other make symmetrical lows 93 n with

When the lamellae approach each other, the stems come into contact with the edges of these cuts and, while the fruit is not clamped with forceps, they take such an installation in the fascinating devices 25, that the stems (dotted lines in FIG. 4) will easily be clamped between the most deep places of cuts 93, 93, which will result in that all the places of attachment of stalks to them or sapwood will be located approximately on the steep straight, passing through the centers of the outlet openings of pipes //. Immediately after this, complete engagement of the fascinating devices 25, exciting the fruit, occurs in order to fix and firmly hold them, in this position. This device can be added by additional mechanisms, which inform both plates at the end of their approach, a rapid movement up and down in order to detach the stems from the fruit. Further, the plates are shifted to the side and out of the immediate vicinity of the drum and moved apart from each other to allow the stalks to fall out. After that, they return to the position ready to start working (Fig. 4).

In the drawings, the device is depicted for the case when the plate 92 is single and the plate 92 is double, equipped with a PA spacer. When plates come together, the plate 92 enters the gap of the double plate 92.

Inside the drum, in the longitudinal direction, the ribs are pre-fastened in order to be able to form guide radial slots 29 (Fig. 5) for each row of tongs 25, 26. The longitudinal rods Wn rods pass through these grooves and are fixed at their ends pins 30 on which the rollers 32 are rotated (FIGS. 5 and 7). Next, there are springs S9, which tend to bring the rods 33 closer to the drum shaft. The rollers 32 protrude out through the radial slots 86 in the end caps or flat bottoms of the drum bar (Fig. 6).

into a suitable container. Between the rod / 75 and the flange of the sleeve / 6 7 there is a helical spring // 9, the presence of which is to allow the amount of forward extension of the sleeve 107 to be adjusted in accordance with the size of the core gripped by the blades 37.

The movement of the eccentric 55 which causes the movement of the slide, as well as the movement of the cam that moves the rod // J with the sleeves 107 fastened to the latter, are mutually adjusted so that the knives 37 perform their forward movement with almost complete mutual contact with each other until until, until they reach the core, they will not let her have a slight jolt to break the ed and then disperse among themselves so that at the end of their forward movement they close over the core, seize it and hold it all the time movement of the sled 55 so as to extract the core together with the stem placed between the rods 55.

The proposed mask allows perfectly smooth radial cuts in the body of the fruit, making it easy to open and leave the heart of the fruit, preventing the tearing out of the raw parts or pieces of skin from the fruit. In addition, from this maschina are obtained coreless fruits that bear almost no trace of the work being done on them.

The subject of the patent.

Claims (3)

1. A machine for removing the core and stalks of fruit with a device for automatically moving fruit, leading the latter to receiving mechanisms, characterized in that a row is located on the circumference of the drum 22 (Fig. 7) but a quarter of a circle apart from each other. jaw-shaped gripping devices 25 with shoulders 26, for retaining the fruit when exposed to moving sickle-shaped knives 57, removing the core, between which shoulders, periodically moved wedge-shaped layer is located between which shoulders, in order to close the jaws Inca 55, and springs 90 serve to close the jaws (Fig. 5). 2. The form of making maschii under item 1, characterized in that for the movement of sickle-shaped knives they are connected by a rod W4, / CSc film / 02 (Fig. 11-14), strengthened to S6 with a back-to-move movement (Fig. 4) , and covered by a sleeve 0, fixed to a movable, regardless of the sled, rod // 5, and a spiral spring serves to regulate the extension of the sleeve //.9. 3. Application at the mask according to claim 1 between the outlet of the fruit feeding pipe // (Fig. 4) and the gripping device parallel to each other and cut off the pipe of the movable plates 92, 92 (Fig. 4 4), in order to hold 5G pounds of stalks when removing pits from them. GT // S: vZ 9 fcj; yrr .- .., ji 5 F ii: s: -H 7- iiTJHC-50 i - ..-. V., L-. 1.- D // L-; . xr-s r-- -j r-.t l-yy - 1. “Il -. .Л.-ГГ / i ..- T, UUUUUUGUUU: 4 3 30 l about V To the patent of the letter D / kiovapnp fig, Z Frol 35113 JJ-fO J , fig.Z  w 7-4 I. -iM gchL L..J-    , l i nineteen . 7.vr.4 th mm fj fa fig7 i. : i t and ..  y j C-A- s - -4 I-,; -I 1-t, U -: - e : -% .-. § -l I I .X lg , L 29 H ijrr