SU2648A1 - Incinerator incinerator - Google Patents

Description

The proposed incinerator is designed to serve individual houses in large cities and is designed so that incineration is carried out without the addition of firewood and without the release of fetid gas. To achieve this goal, the furnace is equipped with: a device for pre-drying debris with heat from the furnace gases, passing a stream of air through the material being dried and burning gases carried along by it into the total furnace gas, a system of channels for heating the air to ensure complete burning of garbage , a continuous inclined hearth for maintaining and promoting burning material and an auxiliary grate serving both to end the incineration of garbage and to burn additional fuel. In FIG. 1 and 2 depict vertical sections of the furnace and FIG. 3- horizontal section of the furnace along the line ST. An iron, brick or concrete collection M for garbage is placed on top of the furnace, which is warmed by the heat of the fork f) and enters the feed hopper L with the gate. from the collection to the drying muffle A. The muffle is a pipe with brick side walls and with a bottom and top of cast iron plates (or, for example, old boiler sheets, etc.) heated by muffles circulating around the chimneys G, V, B , a, and serves to dry and partially carbonize debris that is propelled to the lower end of the muffle on an inclined metal bottom (due to its own weight and using a scraper), successively

to warmer parts. In this way, the garbage moves in the direction opposite to the furnace gas flow, thus fulfilling the principle of countercurrent, which leads to more perfect utilization of waste heat. The drying of the debris is also facilitated by a stream of air injected through a window in the door a, which serves to introduce a scraper, with which the worker regulates the movement of the material along the bottom of the muffle. Dry rubbish pouring out of the latter, encountering hot, thick gases, falls on the upper part of the inclined hearth B of the firebox B, where the main stage of combustion takes place, according to the temperature of the fire chamber 750-800 ° C and air flow in two directions: from the bottom and on the side - from mouth 6 - in the perpendicular direction. This latter jet beats the burning debris layer and produces the movement of gases in the firebox, ensuring complete burning. The injected air warms up as it passes through the channels I, 2, 3, 4, 5, using the heat of the furnace masonry in series, starting with the colder parts of the hog.

As it moves along an inclined hearth in the garbage, it burns in the majority of its parts, from the combined effect of the bottom heated, reflected from the furnace walls and the heat from two currents: hot air and flue gases from the grate (where the combustion takes place). when there is an excess of air), moving and adjusting the layer of fuel by the worker’s scraper through the door J. The ash and slags falling through the lattice L are removed from the blower through the ash door P using the crate I, and large cinders are removed through the furnace door 3.

The air needed for the final songani debris is supplied to the ashpit; from the Ustya IV channels, //, ///, being heated in them with the lower parts of the bedding; its inflow is regulated by door V; afterburning of fuel residues on the grate and taking heat from them and from the ashes, this stream heats up the worker below B and heats the surface of the debris moving along it, taking part in the hearth combustion with its excess oxygen. Thus, a repeated combustion process with this stream reduces the total excess air and makes it possible to obtain a higher temperature in furnace B.

The same grille C serves also for burning firewood at the start of work, when the furnace is reheated for three hours; at this time it is more convenient to use the spare stroke H, remove the bookmark (dry) in the wall; by the end of the kindling, it is useful to warm the muffle, inserting through it some of the small firewood to shorten the time of the oven melting; when it reaches the proper temperature, the latter is maintained by the heat that develops when the garbage is completely burned, without additional fuel costs. If you wish to temporarily increase the burning of garbage, it is possible to throw additional portions of firewood on the grill D or over the garbage, or remove it from a part of the grill.

In case of need for additional fuel, with very poor quality of debris (for example, wet and smerzheshego, which can often be in a deviation from the average composition and have a muffling effect on the furnace), there is a spare temporary grate E, laying down on made in the nests of masonry beams and is usually closed by the dimmed door K.

Selected U) Shchiyes in a muffle of fresh debris water vapor, along with the release of harmful gases and products starting dry distillation, are entrained by the air seeping along the muffle and, leaving the open lower mouth, enter the stream of furnace gases leaving the furnace that have not yet lost its temperature (about (800 ° C); while combustible products have the ability to burn completely in excess oxygen gas from the furnace, without disrupting the process and not lowering its temperature. Before sticking a hog into the pipe, a settling tank should be located chamber for dust. The movement of materials during the operation of the furnace is done manually, for lifting the ash, a lifting device must be arranged.When calculating the furnace, the author takes the calorific value of average average litter equal to 600 cal and its combustibility per 1 ton of lattice - 85 kg per hour, received to provide a burning temperature of 800 °, the furnace volume is not more than 5.7 cubic meters at a furnace coefficient of 3, and the volume of the furnace designed by them is 4.3 cubic meters. m, i.e. the temperature will not have to decrease after preheating, and the heat of the furnace will be enough to completely dry the garbage at 40% water 1V without requiring additional fuel. According to the author, about Vi2 cub. soot firewood. an outwardly heated oblique muffle for drying garbage, with an inclined shelf for incineration and with a lower grate for final burning through, in order to warm the air flowing through the mouth IV under the grate D, the articulated channel is arranged in the walls of the firebox / - / / - ///, to bring additional air through the mouth 6 to the garbage burned on the inclined shelf B, a cranked channel 7, 2, 3, 4, 5 is intended to warm the muffle A fed by the garbage from the receiver M through the valve / 9 and having air for inflow a window in the door and serves as a chimney b, c, d, a circumferential conductive muffle and withdrawal flue gases in the boar d by the receiver for M debris. 2. In the incinerator specified in paragraph 1, the use of a temporary second grate for burning fuel. SUBJECT OF THE PATENT. 1. Washer incinerator with obo

Tvpo-liyugraphi "Red Pechatnik, Leningrad, International, 75. -It-T

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