SU1758224A1 - Method of mining thick flat deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the underground mining of reservoir systems with chamber dredging and the subsequent laying of the goaf. The purpose of the invention is to increase the intensity of mining reserves by expanding the scope of work and simplifying mining technology. Mineral excavation is carried out with panels, and panel refinement with sections of two bursts containing chambers and supporting tape pillars. Form support support by working supporting pillars. Laying out the developed space is produced by a multi-strength material. First, work out the lower part of the reservoir. In the spent chambers through one stack backfill material of reduced strength. Then, in the areas of the second stage, the support supports are formed by working out two layers of cuts in the supporting pillars, while the upper layer is worked out from the stacking material in the chambers, and the bottom layer is from the soil of the adjacent spent chambers. The formation of the gaps is carried out from the chambers in two opposite supporting pillars, and after making the gaps in the entire panel of the chamber, adjacent to the mortgaged ones, the filling material of reduced strength is filled, and the gaps and the upper part of the panel are hardened. After that, the upper part of the reservoir is worked out, where the chambers are worked out forward, and the notches in the supporting pillars are retracted, forming the supporting supports coaxially with the supports in the lower part of the reservoir. 1 hp f-ly. 7 il. y Ј s 00 th th 4

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the underground development of powerful and very powerful flat deposits with chamber extraction systems and subsequent laying of the goaf.

There is a method of developing flat deposits, which includes mining the panel with digging chambers, forming barrier and temporary supporting pillars, forming technological spaces in supporting pillars, installing insulating structures, laying chambers with hardening material, developing mineral reserves in supporting pillars and then laying again educated goaf.

The disadvantages of this method include the low intensity of mining panel stocks, due to the narrow scope of work, the dependence of excavation and laying, the high cost of laying the full panel of an expensive hardening mixture, the difficulty of forming thin ore bridges during the formation of technological spaces. in the supporting pillars, which also complicates and slows the pace of the clearing recess.

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There is a known method of developing powerful deposits, which includes the excavation of mineral fossil panels with panel separation into excavation units containing a chamber and supporting a tape pillar, the formation of a grid of natural supports, laying out the worked out space and the subsequent excavation of supporting masses.

The disadvantage of the prototype lies in the low intensity of mining. This is due to the dependence of the mining of one excavation unit on the other, as well as the difficulty of forming multiple, uniform sizes of thin walls of ore pillars of complex shape.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the intensity of mining reserves by expanding the scope of work and simplifying mining technology.

The goal is achieved by the fact that, according to the method of working out powerful flat deposits, which turn off the mining of panels with sections of two bursts containing chambers and supporting tape headers, the formation of supporting supports by working of supporting pillars, laying the developed space of 40 low-strength materials, first work off the lower a part of the deposit, the backfilling material is placed into one of the exhausted chambers; then, in the sections of the second stage 45, support The от refractories are processed by two layers of cuts in the supporting pillars, the top layer being worked off from the filling material laid in the chambers, and the bottom layer from 50 adjacent working chambers, and the cuts are formed from the chambers in two opposite supporting pillars.

After clearance of the gaps in the entire 55 panels, the chambers adjacent to the mortgaged ones are filled with backfill material of reduced strength, and the gaps and the upper part of the panel are hardening mixtures, after that the upper part of the deposit is worked out, and the gaps in the supporting pillars reverse, forming with the support bearing coaxially with the supports at the bottom of the reservoir.

The proposed mining technology allows the upper part of the supports in two adjacent strip pillars to be formed from partially embedded waste chambers, and the lower part from unlabeled spent chambers. In this case, the supports are formed simply by cutting the pillar without additional efforts, which greatly simplifies their formation.

FIG. 1 shows two adjacent panels in which chamber reserves, a plan have been developed; in fig. 2 is a plan of the panel where a rock bookmark is laid on the soil of the spent chambers; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - panel in the stage of laying dry rock and hardening mixture, the plan; in fig. 5 is a section BB in FIG. four; in fig. 6 is a section bb of FIG. 4; in fig. 7 is a plan for mining reserves in the upper part of the reservoir.

The method is carried out as follows.

The lay in the plan is divided into panels that are contoured with barrier pillars 1. The upper part of the reservoir is temporarily left, and the lower part is divided into primary 2 and secondary 3 mining sites. The preparatory workings are passed and the primary chambers 2 are worked by any known method using hole blasting. and self-propelled equipment. At the same time, the height of the open chamber should be no more than 18 m. After that, dry rock or a low-strength hardening mixture is placed on the soil of the exhausted chambers 4.

The thickness of the stacked layer (NSL) is determined from the condition

 MI where Nok is the total height of the open chamber;

The sky is the height of smoking with self-propelled equipment.

Then proceed to the excavation of sections of the second stage of development 3, which are also divided into sections of the first stage - excavation 5 and second stage - supporting pillars 6.

Sections 5 work in two layers. First, the bore holes 7 of chamber 2 from the layer of tab 4 fill the upper part 8 of section 5 into the cross of the strike of the rear sight 3 and select, forming a notch 9 between two adjacent waste chambers 2.

With weakly resistant roof rocks, it is fastened with rods and sprayed concrete. Bottom notch 5

the soil of the spent chamber 2 is carried out from the soil. In this case, both during the excavation of the upper part and during the excavation of the lower part, the work is carried out in two directions at once (in Fig. 3 it is indicated by arrows), i.e. from one camera work out two pillars. After the formation of the perforations 9 along the entire panel (Fig. 4), the dry rock begins to be delivered into those chambers 2, from which the lower part of the sections 5 was refined.

After the laying layer has been formed, the lower races into the chambers are covered with bridges 10 and the notches 9 between the pillars 6 are filled with a low-strength hardening mixture 11 to the level of the upper mark of the previously laid rock by any known method. Similarly, the second and subsequent layers are erected. The under-roof space over the entire area of the panel (1-2 m) is also filled with a very strong hardening mixture. After solidification of the tab 11 around the pillars 6, a safety zone is formed, which, when recessed, reduces the dilution. Then proceed to the mining stocks left in the roof. After completion of the preparatory work, the roof in the plan, as well as the underlying spent and built-in part of the deposit, is divided into primary 2 and secondary 3 sites of mining (Fig. 7). In the primary sections 2, runs 12 and, as a continuation of them, drilling and drilling stations 13 and their work are carried out straight ahead. And in reverse, they make gaps 9 in the secondary sections 3, forming pillars 6 coaxially with similar pillars in the lower part of the panel that was worked out and laid down. When two adjacent panels are worked out and laid down by a bookmark, the barrier pillar 1 is removed. In this case, the weight of the rocks lying on it is transferred to the backfill array 11 and temporary supporting pillars b. After working out, the developed space of the barrier column is also filled with a hardening mixture 11. If necessary, the temporary pillars are removed by one of the known methods.

When using the invention, the intensity of mining increases due to

expanding the scope of work and simplifying ore mining technology;

increases the proportion of production of active

the stocks subject to dredging to a full bookmark of the developed chamber space;

the cost of laying is reduced by reducing the required strength by modifying the mining patterns and laying and using a large amount of cheap dry rock in combination with a low-strength hardening mixture.

Claims (2)

1. The method of developing powerful flat deposits, including the extraction of useful fossil panels, panel testing by sections of two bursts containing chambers and supporting tape pillars, forming supporting supports working out supporting pillars, laying down the worked-out space with a durable material, characterized in that, in order to increase the intensity of working off the reserves by expanding front of work and simplification of mining technology, first work out the lower part of the reservoir, put the filling material of reduced strength into one of the chambers through one, then support the supports in two layers of cuttings in the supporting pillars, and the upper layer is worked out from the backfill material laid in chambers, and the bottom the layer from the soil of the adjacent spent chambers, and the formation of the gaps is made from the chambers in two opposite supporting pillars. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein that after making the cuts in all the panels of the chamber, adjacent to the mortgaged ones, are filled with a reduced durability filling material, and the perforations and the upper part of the panel are hardening mixtures, and the upper part of the deposit is worked out, while the cameras are retracted, and the perforations in the back pillars This support leg coaxially with supports in the lower part of the reservoir. 1 Fig Dl V-v it Shgsh / f / 7u; // ;; / ;; /; / Ј / J &“; J (3