SU1756852A1 - Multiplexer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention allows to simplify the design and reduce the cost of its manufacture. The multiplexer contains a diffraction grating 3, fixed with a washer 4 in the housing 2, and provided with a blend 1 divided by a splitter 6 into longitudinal sectors. Each sector allocates a direction to a predetermined diffraction maximum of a certain order. Rays 11–14 to this maximum are directed from the corresponding part of the image of object 7, which is created on the grating by the optical system 8. 1 s n., 6 Cp. Files, 4 sludge.

Description

The invention relates to instrumentation, more precisely, to the design of optical devices for image multiplication (multiplexers and demultiplexers) and is intended for use in optical information processing systems and in microelectronics.

Multiplexers containing mirror reflectors are known. In these devices, in different parts of space, identical images of the object are reproduced in their entirety, each of the drive images being created simultaneously over the entire spectral range of radiation wavelengths characteristic of the source and the optical system. The absence of the possibility of spatial decomposition of the image into fragments and spectrum of wavelengths limits the functional possibilities of such multiplexers.

Holographic image multiplexers are also known, for which a transparency from point holes is used. These devices allow only a holistic image of the object to be propagated. In addition, when replicating (and especially when recording a hologram-multiplexer), it is necessary to use sufficiently monochromatic, coherent radiation sources. This complicates the design of devices and reduces their functionality.

Multiplexers are also known, which include diffraction gratings and in which the possibility of spectral analysis of multiplicable images, as well as the decomposition of images into fragments, is provided.

For fragmentation of images in such devices, fiber-optic couplers containing fiber-optic fibers and micro-optical elements are used. This leads to the complexity of the design and increase the cost of the entire device.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the multiplexer and reduce its cost.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a multiplexer including a diffraction grating, the latter is equipped with a blend, which is divided into sectors by a divider, and the dimensions of the sectors of the hood and the divider are chosen from

Arcsln (m + 1) A / d Arctg (D (/ h) (ni A / d) Arctg (Di, max / H) Arcsin (Amm / d

where Di is the largest size in the cross section of an individual, i - that sector of the blend;

DI, max - the size of the largest sector;

p is the height of the blend; H - the height of the divider;

A and A (P1p, respectively, the current and minimum values of the working wavelengths of the radiation;

d is the lattice period;

, 2,3, ... is the largest diffraction order, separated by the corresponding i-th sector of the blend.

The diffraction grating can be made reflecting or transmitting, it can be made two-dimensional (in particular, in the form of a microchannel plate - MCP), and in this case the sizes of the sectors should be chosen from the condition

Arcsin (ni-f1) A / dk Arctg (Di / h) Arcsin (niA / dk),

Arctg (Di, max / H) Arcsin (A mm / dk), where dk is the period of the Kth one-dimensional array consisting of forming a two-dimensional diffraction grating,

Inside the surface of the blend may be covered with an absorbing or light scattering layer.

The hood can be made in the form of a truncated cone or pyramid with a grating placed at the top and an angle tf (at the top selected from the condition

35

$ pn, i (niA / d),,

and the sizes of sectors and blends are chosen from the condition

DI / h (tgpn +1,1 -tg pn.),

Where

p +1, i (n + 1) A / d.

FIG. 1-4 shows the multiplexer device options,

The multiplexer contains a diffraction grating 3, placed in the housing 2 and secured with a nut 4, hood 1 and a divider 5, which divides the hood into longitudinal sectors, reflecting coating 15; cap 16; optical system 8; object 7, whose image is multiplied by fragments, incident radiation 6; radiation 9.10 with wavelengths AI and A2, respectively, directed to a diffraction maximum of zero order; rays 11,13 with wavelength AI, directed to the maxima of the first (and minus first) order and building areas of the image; beams 12, 14 with wavelength A2, directed to the maxima of the same order and building the same parts of the image.

The device works as follows.

In the direction ns, the zero-order maximum of radiation of 9 and 10 of all wavelengths propagates from all portions of the diffraction grating. As a result, in zero order, the image is reproduced in its entirety and over the entire wavelength spectrum. In directions 11 (12) and 13 (14), radiation propagates to the maxima of the first order (and higher orders). These maxima are not created by the entire image, but only by its parts, which are formed in separate parts of the lattice, separated by the corresponding sectors of blend 1. At the same time, the same image fragments, built in different spectral regions, near At and Lg. are spaced apart; The rays are directed at the angles of Ah and Ya. The multiplexer with a reflective lattice works similarly (Fig. 2). Making the blend conical or pyramidal in shape makes it possible to increase the brightness of the image fragments (Fig. 3.4). p is the angle defining the direction to the nth diffraction maximum in the ith sector of the blend. By means of the cap 16 it is possible to eliminate the white solid image in the zero order of diffraction.

So, in the proposed multiplexer, it is possible to abandon the use of fiber optic splitters and thus simplify and cheapen the design.

Claims (7)

1. A multiplexer comprising a diffraction grating, characterized in that, in order to simplify and reduce the cost of construction, the grating is equipped with a blend, which is divided into sectors by a divider, and the sizes of the sectors, the blend and the divider are Ags1n (P | +1) I / dJ arctg (D, / h arcsin (n, I / d), arctg (Di.maxc / HKarcsin (Amin / d), where DI is the largest size in the cross section of a separate, 1st sector of the hood; Di.makc - size of the largest sector1 h - height of the bpendy; H - the height of the divider; I and I min - respectively, the current and minimum values of the working wavelengths of the radiation, d is the lattice period; , 2,3, ... is the largest diffraction order, separated by the corresponding i-th sector of the blend. 2. The multiplexer in accordance with claim 1, wherein the lattice is two-dimensional, with the sizes of the sectors chosen from the condition: arcsln (ni + 1) A / dk arctg (Di / h) (m A / dk), arctg (Di, makc / H) arcsin (Yamin / dk). where dk is the period of the k-th one-dimensional array consisting of forming a two-dimensional diffraction grating, 3. A multiplexer according to claim 2, characterized in that the diffraction grating is made in the form of a microchannel plate. 4. The multiplexer in accordance with claim 1, p, tl and h and y and with the fact that the hood is made in the form of a truncated cone or pyramid with a grid placed at the vertex and angle (p at the vertex selected from the condition:   arcsin (o, a / d)., and the sizes of sectors and blends are chosen from the condition: Dj / h (+1, (-tg pn,) where (p p -I. i arcsin (n + 1) A / d 5. The multiplexer in accordance with claim 1, wherein the inner surfaces of the blend are coated with an absorbing or light scattering layer. 6. The multiplexer in accordance with claim 1, wherein the diffraction grating is transmissive. 7. The multiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the diffraction grating is reflective. i have t “b t. US About t 1J-ii JI,  ) utlil 5 M CM H ((WRON, (i LF i i i IT (0 t-t Ъ / Д | 011 J. "Jl J lr rwhb-. «Q j l C h a r a c, s Mvrar JcJsa ov / 2 iW 1 fvi i, 4 il41. l C-f  i “t i. P.b. -k Jhv n, U r {O, S J h . fi gz 4l qu  Jj ji jb fc / ajFig.4Compiler A Voronkov Editor S Patrusheva Tehred M. Morgenthal Order 3087 Circulation: Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035 Moscow, F 35, 4/5 Raushsk Nab. Proofreader N. Gunko