SU1749204A1 - Stock for producing heat insulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the invention: the raw material mixture for the manufacture of insulating material contains, wt.h .: dry glass 22-52: fibrous filler 100: phosphogypsum-18; water 40-70; N.N'-metaphenylene-dimaleimide 1.5-3.2; zinc oxide 1.4-5.3 and silicic acid 1.2-2.4. Liquid glass is mixed with the powder of the organic additive, allowed to stand for 4-5 hours, then powdered zinc oxide, silicic acid and phosphogypsum are added and water is added. The chopped fiber is mixed with the obtained binder, held, then the impregnated fiber is laid out on a net, free of excess binder, dried, hot pressed, and tested. Characteristics of the mixture: density 400-480 kg / m ', thermal conductivity 0.06-0.08 W / m K, bending strength 30-50 MPa, stretching 25-40 MPa. the same after 6 hours of exposure in water 15-25 MPa and 15-32 MPa. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry, to the manufacture of heat insulating materials and can be used in the construction of industrial and civil buildings, as well as in agriculture (construction), and power engineering in the manufacture of thermal insulation.

A known composition for the manufacture of heat insulating materials, comprising, in wt%; mineral fiber 30-60; liquid glass 30-50; Neutralizing additive - solid acidic salts of orthophosphoric acid 10-20.

solid fibers 100, liquid glass (dry residue) 16-50; chalk 5-20; water 30-70. .

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is the raw material mixture, including, m.ch .: liquid glass 41.8844, 86; fibrous filler - towing polyester fiber 16.79-16,88; hardener - gypsum 3.49-8.64; water 32.634, 86.

The disadvantages of the known mixture are low physical and mechanical characteristics, which greatly complicates the work with the heat insulating plates and their transportation, as well as the low resistance, and as a result the heat insulating plates exposed to water (for example, rain) completely lose their properties and destroyed. The aim of the invention is to increase the strength and water resistance. The goal is achieved by those. that the raw material mixture for the manufacture of heat insulating material, containing liquid glass, fibrous filler, gypsum-containing component and water, contains phosphogypsum as an gypsum-containing component and, in addition, N.N-metafenylene dimaleimide. zinc oxide and silicic acid in the following ratio of components, wt.h .: liquid glass (dry) 22-52; fibrous filler 100: phosphogypsum 3-18; water 40-70; N.N-metaphenylene di-imide 1.5-3.2; zinc oxide 1.4-5.3; silicic acid 1.2-2.6. Polyacrylonitrile, acetate, viscose, polyester, polyamide, caproviscose, caproacetate and other synthetic, artificial and mixed types of light industry wastes are used as a fibrous filler. refueling tips, trim, etc. Fibrous filler was prepared as follows; pre-waste is cut on a cutting machine company Befam. then ground on a rotary grinder YPR-150M to a size of 10,100 mm. When combining liquid glass with N.N-metaphenylene dimaleimide, alkaline hydrolysis of the latter takes place according to the HC-CO.xCO-CH 1 scheme (in + ZA / a.QH P) CO-CH HC — co-VJO-HC-COy., .V. At high concentrations of NaOH in liquid glass (low silicate modulus of glass), further reaction is possible with the formation of lower molecular weight products such as M OT C-HC-CHrWO H / J and H, U-L-LT. The resulting reaction products drastically improve wettability. and gluing properties of liquid glass. Hydrolyzed products interact with each other, especially when the pH of the center is reduced. what is achieved in |} by the addition of silicic acid SI02 pNaO to the composition. playing a function of a catalyst, which is introduced into liquid glass 3-5 hours after oligoimide. with the treatment of a complex organomineral compound. Introduced into the composition of zinc oxide confirms liquid glass, unreacted with N. N-metaphenylene and maleimide. Phosphogypsum. used in the mixture, is a waste of phosphoric acid production. The composition of phosphogypsum includes 97-99 wt.% CaS04 2H20 and 0.81 .5 wt.% Sodium orthophosphate. Phosphogypsum of this composition in combination with zinc oxide is much more effective than ordinary gypsum, it not only binds the remnants of free water to the hydrated hydrate, but also neutralizes the free alkali remaining in the composition, which significantly increases the mechanical strength and water resistance of the material. The content in the mixture of liquid glass is less than 22 MAH. does not allow wetting of the fibrous filler, and the content in excess of 52 wt.h. increases the density and reduces the moisture resistance of the material. The content of N. N-metaphenylene dimaleimide less than 1.5 wt.h. reduces the strength of the insulating material, and the content in excess of 3.2 wt.h. does not lead to an additional positive effect. The content of phosphogypsum is less than 3 wt.h. and more than 18 wt.h. leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the material. Content of zinc oxide is less than 1.4 wt.h. leads to a decrease in water resistance and strength of the insulating material, and the content of more than 5.3 wt.h. does not lead to an increase in water resistance, but reduces the strength. The content of silicic acid is less than 1.2 wt.h. leads to the appearance of free alkali and a decrease in water resistance, and a content in excess of 2.6 wt.h. does not lead to an additional positive effect. The water content in the mixture ranges from 40 wt.h. (standard liquid glass) up to 70 wt.h. Exceeding the upper limit of the water content reduces its adhesive properties. The raw mix is prepared as follows. Liquid glass is thoroughly mixed with powdered N. N-metaphenylene-di-maleimide and kept for 3-5 hours until the latter is completely dissolved. Then, powdered zinc oxide, silicic acid, phosphogypsum and, if necessary (to reduce viscosity), additionally water are added to the mixture and thoroughly mixed again. After this, chopped fiber with a length of threads of 10-100 mm is mixed in a laboratory container with the binder obtained and kept until the fiber is fully impregnated. The impregnated fiber is then removed from the binder and laid out on a grid to drain off any excess binder or centrifuged (to speed up the process). The resulting material is dried at 50 ± 10 ° C to a water content of 5–10 May. The finished material is processed into heat insulating plates by hot pressing at 130 ± 10 ° C and a pressure of 4-1 MPa. In this way, heat-insulating plates with increased strength are obtained, suitable for the manufacture of veneer-decorative plates.

Another method (variant I) of making a heat insulating material is also possible, affective in the manufacture of conventional heat insulating plates. The slab-shaped fibers are impregnated with a mixture of the remaining components, the excess is sucked off by vacuuming and the resulting raw billet is heat-treated at 120-10 ° C for 15-20 minutes. When vacuuming, the binder remains practically only at the points of contact of the fibers, which makes it possible to obtain a material with high strength, low density and high thermal insulation properties.

The compositions of specific embodiments are given in table. 1, the comparative physicomechanical properties of the heat insulating plates according to the technology of the 1 st and 11 th variants are given in Table. 2 and 3 respectively. .

The composition of the prototype is prepared using the same technology as the proposed one (variant I).

The breaking stress is determined by bending, and by stretching, the coefficient of thermal conductivity.

As follows from the data presented, the proposed mixture has a higher physical and mechanical properties than is known. Hot conductivity and

the density of the proposed material and the known are close to each other, but the mechanical strength of the heat insulating plates made by the mixture in both versions

technology, 2-5 times higher than the known mixture. The material after 6 hours of exposure to water loses only 30-50% of mechanical strength, and the known deteriorates its properties 2.5-3 times. In addition, the famous mixture

It is very difficult to recycle in the first embodiment of the technology to obtain hardened heat insulating plates, since the gypsum must be cured in the presence of moisture without subsequent exposure to temperature.

Compounds 1 and IX show that going beyond the proposed limits of the content of components leads to deterioration of the properties of materials. The control composition. X shows

that adding to a composition similar in composition to that known, YH.M-metaphenylene and maleimide does not give a noticeable deterioration in properties (especially water resistance). The control composition XI shows that with the optimal composition, but without M, S-metaphenylene di-maleimide, the properties of the material will also be low.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula thirty The raw material mixture for the manufacture of heat insulating material, including water glass, fiber filler, gypsum-containing component and water, is suitable for that. what. in order to increase strength and water resistance, it contains phosphogypsum and, in addition, N.N-metaphenylene di-maleimide as a gypsum-containing component. zinc oxide and silicon gzuyu acid in the following ratio of components, wt.h: liquid glass (dry) 22-52: fibrous filler 100: phosphogypsum 3-18: water 40-70: NN -metaphenylene diamaleimide 1.5-3.2: zinc oxide 1.45, 3: silicic acid 1.2-2.4. XipxtTCpHCtHUiIprl lgkimA compiled 1 I rl I til I IV IV , “} 0.035 0.035 e, 035 PAIPyVM .., with NPA; NehoAnm, 311 0. (5 0,80 0, B5 9,80 0,85 0,75 we eat 6 U mdv Kch. i from 0,1 $ 0,40 tt.to 0,50 e, to 0,60 0, 50 Nyyrmkeyy at the rate of hepatia, LLA; 0.10 6.40 0.50 0.50 0, (0 0.6V 0.50 after 6 m / l of e (3. 05 0.15 O, 0.20 0.35 0.35 0.30 Tavlits). I Hmeci-vu Vllt f IJr j XI XI I 195J 5 170175Z20 0.035 0.0 (5 O.V., 04.0.05 0.80 0.60 0, 40 V, P50.1 $ O, “O 0.40 V, O5 O, la0.05. 0.50 0,) B, 4o 0.4o0.12 0.25 0.2 0.10 6.200.05