SU1744393A1 - Shaft furnace loading-distributing device - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to equipment for loading and distribution of charge materials in a shaft furnace for burning pellets.

A charging and distribution device for a shaft furnace is known that contains a charging device for loading charge materials from above, a conical or pyramid distributor located under it, equipped with a chain curtain installed around the distributor perimeter and made with rigid rings in the middle and lower parts of the curtain, and the chain curtain is 0.85-0.96 of the inner diameter of the furnace.

However, uneven distribution of the charge over the perimeter is observed due to the immobility of the conical or pyramidal distributor, as well as partly as a result of the flexibility of the chain curtain and the possible seizure of its individual elements with large pieces of the charge.

It is also known that a blast furnace charging device, containing a hopper for charge materials, a chamber with a feeder feeding the charge from the bunker to the furnace, and a distributor in the form of a rotary trough with a drive; intermediate chamber with gas, sealing valve located at the top of the blast furnace.

However, under the action of segregation of the charge material, a larger fraction of the charge, at a higher rate than the fine fraction, is thrown against the walls of the mine, which reduces the lining durability. The coarse fraction, concentrating at the furnace walls, does not contribute to the full use of the gas flow, which leads to the peripheral course of the furnace and uneven burning or melting of charge materials. In addition, the last portions of the charge come in incomplete flow, as there is a depletion of the flow of the charge due to the batch feed, which leads to uneven distribution of the charge over the mine section,

Closest to the present invention is a device comprising a receiving funnel and a small cone loading funnel, characterized in that it is equipped with an intermediate distribution funnel located on supports between the receiving and loading funnels and moved in any horizontal direction by means of an actuator.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: design complexity; complexity of adjustment and maintenance; significant size and inability to use

devices in various types of shaft furnaces.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of firing by more uniform distribution of charge materials over the mine section.

The essence of the invention is that the charging and distribution device of the shaft furnace, containing

the charge distributor with a drive is equipped with a conveyor feeder, and the charge distributor is made in the form of a trellis carriage with a comb in the lower part mounted on the rollers and having the possibility of horizontal movement along the rails.

A distinctive feature of the boot-switchgear is that, to ensure its reliable

Roller tracks are located outside the furnace on its walls, in which through channels for the rollers' axes are made. FIG. 1 schematically shows a device, a section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1;

on FIG. 3 — view B in FIG. 1.; FIG. 4 — view B in FIG. 2. FIG.

The device is placed in the upper part of the shaft furnace 1 and contains the charge distributor in the form of a lattice carriage 2 installed between the side walls 3 of the shaft furnace. The lattice carriage is made with the possibility of horizontal movement, for which it is installed on the rollers 4, which move the carriage along the guides

5. At the same time, the guides are located outside the furnace and are rigidly fixed on the walls of the shaft. The movement of the trellis carriage is carried out using an actuator 6, made, for example, in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, which is also removed as well as guiding outside the furnace.

The shaft distributor in the lower part is equipped with a comb 7, which is fixed to the bottom of the carriage i and represents a row of teeth that can be adjusted in height as they wear out during operation of the device. Through channels 8 are made in the side walls 3 of the furnace shaft, along which they freely pass

rollers 9 axes 4. A conveyor feeder 10 is placed above the lattice carriage in the furnace shaft, passing through the opening in the side wall of the furnace and ensuring the flow of charge materials, in particular pellets, into the inside of the mine.

The lattice carriage is installed in the furnace through a removable hatch 11, which is made in the side wall of the furnace. The tooth 12 of the comb 7 is secured with clamp screws

13, placed in lines 14, installed at the bottom of the lattice carriage.

As a result of using the charging and distribution device of the proposed design, the charge material is evenly leveled over the cross section of the furnace shaft, which improves the quality of pellet firing.

The distribution of the charge materials in the form of a lattice carriage with a comb in the lower part mounted on the rollers and having the possibility of horizontal movement contributes to the the entire perimeter of the furnace shaft; pellets due to the lattice design of the carriage do not accumulate on it in the form of a charge column, but pass freely through the cells of the carriage lattice, and the smaller ones fall off immediately, and the larger ones - after a certain period of time when they are destroyed as a result of transportation.

Thus, the charge distributor (pellets), made in the form of a lattice carriage, is the first important link serving to evenly distribute the pellets over the mine section.

Another important element in the uniform distribution of pellets is the possibility of horizontal movement of the trellis carriage from one furnace wall to another with full fixed coverage of the entire cross section of the furnace shaft as a result of a combination of drive, rollers and guides.

An additional element that improves and facilitates the uniform distribution of pellets over the cross section of the furnace shaft is the presence in the lower part of the trellised comb carriage in the form of rows of teeth, which level and loosen the pellet layer, which improves the gas permeability of the charge column and ensures uniform penetration of the coolant into the mixture , excluding local burns, shortages, and specs. As a result, the quality of pellet roasting is significantly improved.

The device is simple and reliable during operation due to the fact that the rollers, guides, along which the grid carriage moves, as well as the drive are placed outside the furnace charge, because these nodes do not come into contact with the charge material and therefore avoid abrasive wear. , exposure to dust and high temperatures.

Claims (2)

1. Loading and distributing device of a shaft furnace, in particular for firing pellets, containing a drive distributor with a drive, which is so that, in order to improve the firing quality of pellets due to a more uniform distribution of the charge materials over the cross section of the charge, provided with a conveyor feeder passing through the side wall of the furnace, and the charge distributor is made in the form of a trellis carriage with a comb in the lower part mounted on the rollers and having the possibility of horizontal movement along the guides. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure reliable operation of the device, the guide rollers are located on the outside of the furnace on its walls, in which the through channels for the axes of the rollers are made. eight eight 3 Fie.2 Bad b 12 shgz Type B MF