SU1738318A1 - Apparatus for mixing peat liquid components - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The apparatus includes a housing 1 with an odd number of conical nozzles 2, on the horizontal axes of which there are nozzles 8, a loading 3 and a discharge 4 nozzles and a metering hopper 5. Inside the case, in its upper part, a centrifugal disperser 6 is installed material, made in the form of coaxially arranged on the height of the metal rings. The inner diameter of the upper ring is less than B, and the inner diameter of the lower ring is equal to (0.1-0.2) B, where B is the diameter of the loading nozzle of the apparatus. The nozzles are located at a distance H (2.7-3.2) B from the apparatus cover. Placing an odd number of nozzles in certain places of the body allows to obtain a finely dispersed mixture and use the residual dynamic head of the torch in order to obtain turbulence and intensive exchange between peat particles and liquid droplets. 1 hp f-ly, 2 ill., 5 tables. (L C H & b vj from 00 to 00 "id Fig / 10

Description

The invention relates to devices for continuous operation and can be used for the production of peat products (fertilizers, nutrient soils), and can also be used in other sectors of the farm.

A device for wetting salt granules with water is known, including a vertical loading shaft, a cone distributor equipped with a vibrator located under the loading shaft with it, a casing with elastic screens connected to the bottom of the loading shaft, spray nozzles arranged under the cone distributor according to it, while the output nozzle nozzles are directed upward, forming a sprayed liquid in the form of a hollow body. Uniform wetting is achieved by arranging a thin layer of salt granules in the form of a hollow cylinder with water sprayed on the inner surface of the nozzles.

The drawbacks of the apparatus are the lack of control over the operation of the injectors, their inspection and free access, as they are located inside the body and the hollow cylinder of the salt granules; unsuitability of a cone distributor equipped with a vibrator for organizing a reliable supply of peat in the form of a thin layer, because peat, due to its properties, will be significantly compacted under the action of vibration with formation of arches in the outlet ring gap, therefore the supply of peat will be uneven or completely stop, and the need to use elastic screens to limit the dispersion of sprayed water and small salt granules when liquid drops fall on them, and with regard to peat it is possible Maintenance to the screen. All the above mentioned drawbacks of the device, as applied to milled peat, significantly reduce the quality of the finished peat mixture.

A centrifugal-gravity-type mixer is known for applying to crushed materials, mainly wood, a binder, which is made in the form of a housing and mounted on a vertical shaft of circular discs having different diameters increasing towards the bottom of the mixer. The working surface of the disks is made of a concave shape. The mixer is equipped with nozzles and a drive. Uniform application of the binder to the crushed material is achieved by arranging a thin layer of chips using two centrifugal

spreaders with simultaneous (in 1 stage) irrigation from nozzles.

Disadvantages apparatus - double grinding material in the process of organizing

chips in a thin layer due to rubbing it on the rotating disks and when the chips hit the reflective rings; the use of pneumatic nozzles leading to the loss of a part of the sprayed binder that had not settled on the chips, with used air; and that the binder adheres to the surface of the discs.

The mixer leads to the grinding of the initial mechanically weak material, which significantly reduces the quality of the mixture, which is then used to obtain products from peat; nutritious briquettes for seedlings, pressed substrate plates, micropars, etc.

0 The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the mixture.

Figure 1 shows the apparatus, a general view; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one

The device contains a cylinder box 1 with an odd number of conical nozzles 2 located on the outside of the case, loading 3 and 4 unloading nozzles and metering hopper 5. A centrifugal diffuser 6 of dispersed material is installed in the upper part of the bunker, made in the form of coaxially arranged in height metal rings, with the diameter of the rings successively decreasing towards the bottom of the cone.

5 On horizontal axes of conical nozzles at distances x H (2.7-3.2) B from the vertical axis of the device, where B is the diameter of the loading nozzle, nozzles 8 are installed, which are connected to the collector 9 and the pump 10 by pipelines. the diameter of the lower ring is determined from the condition d (0.1-0.2), and the inner diameter of the upper ring is less than B. The apparatus for mixing peat with liquid components works as follows.

The peat in the metering tank 5 through the loading nozzle 3 enters the mixing chamber 1 as a stream and returns to all the rings of the diffuser 6 at the same time. Each of the rings, rotating around one common axis, scatters its own part of the peat.

To obtain a high-quality dispersion mixture, it is necessary not only to divide the flow into parts and scatter them around the mixing chamber, thus obtaining an isolated flow, but also to ensure the constant density p over the entire cross section of the chamber (see Table 1).

Thus, the centrifugal scatterer 6 performs three functions: it divides the incoming peat flow into several parts, scatters these peat pieces simultaneously, and ensures constant flow density p.

In the thus organized flow of peat, by means of nozzles 8, directed torches of sprayed liquid are introduced from the sides (but not counter).

An odd number of nozzles is located in places determined experimentally at equal distances from the vertical axis of the apparatus, which allows to obtain a finely dispersed mixture and use the residual dynamic torch head Pd in order to obtain turbulization and intensive exchange between peat particles and liquid droplets. Thus, the jet is at the same time the carrier of the liquid component and the mixing body, which excludes the grinding of peat, as a mechanically fragile material.

Due to the above features of the liquid torch, as well as the organization of the peat flow that is scattered and evenly distributed throughout the apparatus, the liquid component in the peat is evenly distributed and the latter is crushed. The mixture is discharged from the apparatus through the discharge pipe 4.

The optimum ratio of the parameters of the centrifugal diffuser, the diameter of the apparatus and the location of the nozzles are determined experimentally. The results of the experiments are given in table.1.

From Table 1 it can be seen that the greatest homogeneity coefficient of the mixture 0 is reached at p 1-1.5 kg / m3 and Pd-27, 5-50 paLry increasing p to 2 6 decreases to 74.3- 77.1%. When decreasing / to 0.5 kg / m1, it also decreases to 73.5%.

The uniform distribution of the material in the apparatus in the optimal range p 1-1.5 kg / m is provided by a centrifugal lens, and the design parameters of the lens, its overall configuration, the number of rings and the inner diameter of the lower ring, along with the dimensions of other rings, are experimentally determined. A regularity has been established between the performance of adjacent rings, which should differ in

(Rm + 1 - Rm) (Rm Rm 1)

time,

where Rm is the average value of the peat spreading radius from the m-th ring.

Moreover, a larger ring has a great performance. Ensuring a constant flow density and complete filling of the mixing chamber with peat occurs through the use of rings (5-10 pieces in total) coaxially arranged one on another, with different diameters decreasing towards the bottom of the housing, and the inner diameter of the lower ring must be within (0 , 1-0.2) 6.

Table 2 shows the dependence of the mixture homogeneity coefficient on the internal

diameter of the lower ring.

From Table 2 it can be seen that in 79-93% with d (0.1-0.2) V, since it ensures the complete filling of the mixing chamber with peat. When d is 0.05 V to 58%, this is due to poor passage of peat through a hole of this diameter. With d 0.025-B in 47%, since this opening is blocked by peat and the chamber is not fully filled.

At d 0.2-B, a large amount of peat passes through the hole without splitting it into parts, which increases the flow density in the central part of the mixer and makes the flow in the uneven and non-uniform

whole

Table 3 shows the dependence of the mixture homogeneity coefficient on the diameter of the discharge pipe of the metering hopper. From table 3 it can be seen that homogeneity

the mixture is not affected by the change in the diameter of the discharge pipe of the hopper in the range of 150-250 mm.

Table 4 shows the dependence of the mixture homogeneity coefficient on the distance

H to the nozzle nozzle.

From Table 4 it can be seen that when the nozzle is placed at a distance of H of 2.8 V - 3.2 V, the homogeneity coefficient of the mixture is high at 84-93%.

When H is 2.8 V, it decreases to 77 and

below, because the spray gun does not have time to develop well before introduction into the stream, i.e. the predominance of large drops, and on the other hand with H 2.88 V dynamic pressure

50 Pa, which leads to a change in the exchange process between the mixed components.

When H is 3.2-V, it also decreases, because the dynamic torch head decreases,

while RD 27.5 PA, which impairs the exchange between the components.

Table 5 shows the dependence of the mixture homogeneity coefficient on the diameter of the apparatus body.

From Table 5 it can be seen that in 80-90% it is achieved with the case diameter D (3.5-5.1) B.

With D 3.5 V, it decreases, as small particles of a material wetted with liquid are deposited on the casing walls, which fall into the finished mixture, which degrades its quality.

At D 5.1 V, a decrease in occurs due to the deterioration of the circulation of the material layers.

Claims (2)

1. An apparatus for mixing peat with liquid components, comprising a housing with loading and unloading nozzles, nozzles for spraying liquid and a centrifugal diffuser having a truncated cone configuration, distinguished by the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the mixture, the nozzles are installed in a horizontal plane at a distance from the vertical axis of the apparatus. equal to (2.7-3.2) V, where B is the loading nozzle diameter , the number of nozzles is odd, while the diameter of the body is (3.5-5.1) V, and the centrifugal diffuser is made of rings and is oriented with the smaller base downwards. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter of the lower ring is (0.1-0.2) B, and the inner diameter the upper ring is smaller than the diameter of the loading nozzle. Table 1 25 table 2 Editor A. Motyl Tehred M. Morgenthal Order 1951 Circulation: Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab. T ab l and c and 3 Table 4 Table 5 Figg Proofreader M. Demchik