SU1736366A1 - Device for separation of roots and tubers from impurities - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention makes it possible to increase the separation capacity of the device. The device 12 / unit contains a conveyor slide 1 with an upwardly moving finger-like surface formed by the upper 2 and lower 3 contours enveloping the drums of the shafts 4, 5, 6, 7. The axis of rotation 8 of the shaft 6 is located above the plane 9. conducted through the axes of the upper and lower shafts of the upper contour 2. The plane 10 passing through the axis 8 and the axis 11 of rotation of the shaft 5 is located at an angle of 57-67 ° C. to the vertical. In the zone of contact of contours 2 and 3 to each other, the distance between their bases is less than the sum of the fingers. The device is equipped with conveyors 12.13.14, respectively, for loading and unloading of impurities and root and tuber crops. 3 il. VI s Os SA) O O fug.7

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to working bodies for post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops.

A device for separating root crops from impurities is known, which contains a conveying slide with a finger-like surface and made of separate conveyor contours, the working surface of the upper contour being located at a greater angle to the horizontal surface than the working surface of the lower contour.

The disadvantages of this device include the fact that it has a low separating capacity and severely damages the roots and tubers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the separation capacity of the device and reduce the damage to the root and shrub crops.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the axis of the upper shaft of the lower contour is located above the plane passing through the axes of the upper and lower shafts of the upper contour, and the plane passing through the axis of the upper shaft of the lower contour and through the axis of the lower shaft of the upper contour is angled 57- 67 ° to the vertical.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device, side view; in fig. 2 - graphs of the dependencies of purity and product loss on the interposition of contours for root crops of the food fraction; in fig. 3 - the same, small non-standard fraction.

The device for separating the roots from the impurities contains a transporting slide 1 with an upwardly moving finger-like surface and formed by the upper 2 and lower 3 contours enveloping the drums of the shafts 4-7. The angle of inclination of the base of the working palmate surface of the upper contour is chosen in such a way that no root crop can be transported up and pass through it 4, and it is 50-70 °; the di angle of inclination of the bottom of the working surface of the lower contour is chosen so that impurities do not roll through the shaft 7, and it is 35-55 °. The axis of rotation 8 of the shaft 6 is located above the plane 9, conducted through the axis of the shafts of the upper contour 2. The plane 10, passing through the axis 8 and the axis 11 of the rotation of the shaft 5, is located at an angle of 57-67 ° to the vertical. In the contiguous zone of contours 2 and 3 to each other, the distance between their bases is less than the sum of the fingers. The fingers of the working surfaces of the contours 2 and 3 are made, for example, of

rubber, and due to the geometrical dimensions, the fingers of circuit 2 are made more rigid than the fingers of circuit 3. The drive (not shown) is designed to ensure the speed of the working surface of the upper circuit 2 is larger (Vi 0.9-1.5 m / s) than the speed of surface contour 3 (V2 0.7-1.1 m / s). The lengths of the working surfaces of the contours 2 and 3 are respectively 0.30-0.35 and

0 0.50-0.55 m

The device is equipped with conveyors 12, 13 and 14, respectively, for the loading and unloading of impurities and root and tuber crops. The device operates as follows.

5 Conveyor 12 feeds a mixture of root crops, soil and plant impurities onto hill 1. The fingers of circuit 2 immediately separate some of the plant and soil impurities from the mixture and direct them

0 to the conveyor 13. The rest of the mixture enters the working surface of the circuit 3, on which the root crops are rolled out and their main part descends onto the conveyor 14. Impurities adhere to the palmar

5 the surface of contour 3 and, taking part of the root crops with them, come to contour 2. Soil impurities, passing between the fingers on the base of contour 3, descend onto conveyor 13 into the gap S between contours 2 and 3. Plant impurities are combed out by contour 2 from the fingers of circuit 3, since they are more rigid, and then descend from circuit 3 through shaft 4 to conveyor 13,

5 The mutual arrangement of contours 2 and 3 in this way provides a smoother transition of the components of the processed mixture from one contour to another, which allows to increase the separation capacity of the device and reduce damage to the root and root crops.

Claims (1)

Apparatus of the Invention A device for separating roots and tubers from impurities, including a conveyor slide with a finger-like surface, made of separate conveyor contours, the working surface of the upper contour located at a greater angle to the horizontal surface than the working surface of the lower one, characterized in that separating capacity and reducing damage to root and tuber crops, the axis of the upper shaft of the lower contour is placed above the plane passing through the axes of the upper and lower the upper shaft, and the plane passing through the axis of the upper shaft of the lower contour and through the axis of the lower shaft of the upper contour is at an angle of 57-67 ° to the vertical. Clean /,} Purity.(%). - / USF. Losses, (% 0.15Fig, g 10 ffrtii) nomspu. {%) 0150 .8510 / Ы;