SU1727658A1 - Tomato harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the invention: the output section of the elevator 7 is made horizontal. A soil separator in the form of a drum 8. with eccentrically located fingers transfers the pile to the fruit separator 11. The axis of the drum 8 is located above the horizontal section of the elevator 7 at a distance not exceeding the radius of the drum to ensure effective separation of soil impurities and crumbled fruit from the pile. 2 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

1

N4 O SL 00

A soil layer with bushes and sprinkled fruits is directed by means of vertical conveyors 6 to pick up the mass on the conveyor of elevator 7, where the sifting (sifting) of the small fraction of the soil occurs. The remaining mass is taken by the separating group. When leaving the horizontal section of the elevator 7, the mass is divided into two parallel flows.

Fallen fruits, small vegetable impurities and soil (first stream) fall into the process gap between the drive shaft of the elevator conveyor 7 and the transfer drum 8. Plant contaminants, soil clods 9 fall on the elastic palmate surface of the hill 9; Small lumps of soil are held up by elastic fingers of the canvas of the slide 9 and carried out on the floor. Fruits and lumps of soil, commensurate with them, roll down along the surface of the blade of the spike 9 to the conveyor 12 of the fruits and are transferred by them to the transverse conveyor 16.

When installed around the slide 9 of the rare-sprue conveyor 10, plant matter is retained on it and taken to the harvested area. Fruits and lumps of soil wake up through the conveyor 10 and fall onto the elastic palmate surface of the slide 9. Further processing takes place according to the above process. The tomato bushes with inseparable fruits (the second stream) are removed from the horizontal section of the elevator conveyor 7 by the retractable fingers of the transferring drum 8 and are fed to a cascade of keyboard fruit separators 11. The speed of the first fruit separator is less than the speed of the second. This is due to the fact that the force of adhesion of the fruit stem to the shrub in mature tomatoes is less than in greens, and mature tomatoes are more susceptible to damage during the vibratory mode of the fruit separator than green ones. The separated fruits, leaves and small vegetable impurities, the passage between the keys, fall on the conveyor of fruits 12 with an elastic rod surface and are carried to the transverse conveyor 16. Some of the minor impurities spill between the rods, and some are blown out by the fan 13 on the remote conveyor 18.

Undivided fruit with bushes is transferred to the second fruit separator, where the final fruit separation occurs. The plant is picked up by the rollers 19 and dropped to the harvested floor in the rear of the combine.

Fruits, separated on the second fruit separator, leaves and small vegetable

impurities spill between the keys on the external conveyor 18, having a solid elastic surface. Due to the large angle of installation of the conveyor and the elastic properties of the fruit at a low speed of movement of the conveyor 18, they roll onto the transverse conveyor 16. On this conveyor, which has a continuous elastic surface, the process streams (first and second) are connected.

At the exit of the transverse conveyor 16, having an inclined platform, brushes 17 are installed to separate the mineral impurities mechanically damaged and diseased fruits of the fruits.

Separation occurs by elastic-friction properties. A mass of fruits is fed to the upper and lower brushes 17. Small lumps of soil, mineral impurities and mechanically damaged fruits are captured by the lower brush and carried to the waste conveyor. Large lumps interact with the upper brush and are directed to the lower brush and then to the waste conveyor.

The standard fruits are transferred to a bulkhead table 14, which has an elastic surface for final inspection, after which they are transferred to the unloading conveyor 15c with rubber-coated rods and loaded into a vehicle. The height of the fall of the fruits is regulated, and at the exit of the conveyor the speed of the flight of the fruits is set.

The use of the proposed invention will allow for higher productivity of the combine, increase the reliability of the technological process and significantly reduce the loss of fruits.

The economic efficiency of using one combine for harvesting tomatoes of the proposed construction will be more than 19 thousand rubles. Taking into account that the annual need of the national household for tomato harvesters is within 1,500 machines, then the annual economic effect from their use will amount to 29.5 million rubles.

Claims (3)

1. A combine harvester for tomatoes, containing an undercutting tool mounted on a chassis with an elevator, a soil separator in the form of a drum with fingers eccentrically arranged on it, a fruit separator. as well as fruit-collecting and transverse conveyors, characterized in that, in order to reduce losses and increase reliability in operation, the exit section of the elevator is horizontal, and the eccentric drum is installed behind the elevator and above the separator, with its horizontal axis the surface of the horizontal section of the elevator at a distance smaller than the radius of the drum. 2. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the horizontal axis of the drum with eccentric plates tsami and the working surface of the horizontal section of the elevator is 0.5-0.6 drum finger eccentricity .. 3. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an additional conveyor located under the outlet part of the fruit separator at an acute angle to it, with the lower end of the additional conveyor located above the cross conveyor. 7 W vX / t% 7fr7 // /// l / s / U //; /; U /, L 4 h h FIG. 2