SU1718318A1 - Method of prevention of emergency cutting-off of power objects because of birds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric power industry and: can be used to protect electric power facilities from emergency shutdowns due to birds and to protect the birds themselves from electric shock. The goal is to increase the effectiveness of acoustic signals on birds. During the period of mass arrival of birds, low-frequency acoustic oscillations are periodically generated into the substation space, in the direction of bird landing. The radiation frequency is set in the range of 2 to 46 Hz. Under the action of acoustic low-frequency oscillations, the birds begin to show concern and leave the territory of the substation. Similarly, scare away: birds and from overhead power lines, using; for example, mobile installation. yo

Description

The invention relates to the field of elec; troenbrgetiki, in particular to the protection of substations, high voltage overhead power lines and other similar objects of electric power engineering from emergency outages due to birds, as well as to the protection of the birds themselves from electric damage at power facilities:

Significant damage is caused to the national economy as a result of emergency outages of 110–330 kV overhead lines, as well as substation service of equipment occurring due to large birds, such as storks, rooks, and crows. Accidents occur both in the case of direct s # - the bird-plucking of the current-carrying and grounded - elements of the construction of power facilities, as well as due to

on the structural elements of pieces of wire and other conductive objects carried by birds during the nesting period, as well as due to contamination of insulators with dung and blocking of the insulation directly along the stream of dung.

A known method of preventing emergency shutdowns of power facilities by scaring off birds with acoustic signals.

In this way, birds are repelled by translating loudspeakers with calls of anxiety and distress of birds. However, the birds get used to the broadcast signals, which leads to a decrease and disappearance of the deterrent effect. In addition, it is necessary to observe the exact correspondence of the transmitted screams to the type of bird that

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rye need to scare away from the territory of the object, otherwise the opposite effect may occur, not scaring, but vice versa - the attraction of birds. It should be noted that the high-frequency acoustic signals (to which the cries of birds belong) are rapidly extinguished in the air with distance from the radiator, therefore a very high intensity of radiation is required (up to 150 dB). However, this leads to discomfort in the work of the service personnel of a substation or other object.

The closest technical solution to this method is a method to prevent emergency shutdowns of power facilities due to birds, which consists of scaring birds with acoustic signals, which use tape recordings of alarm and distress birds nesting as acoustic signals generated in the substation space. However, the birds quickly become accustomed to these signals, as a result of which the repellent effect of the signals disappears. In addition, to compensate for the attenuation of high-frequency acoustic signals in air, they emit with very high intensity, however, this also has a short-term effect only on the time of signal generation, and also leads to uncomfortable conditions in the work of the staff. The low performance of acoustic signals based on the recordings of the alarm and distress calls of birds seems to be due to the fact that birds quickly recognize the artificial nature of the transmitted screams. carried out in the low-frequency range, which is chosen within the frequency range from 2 to 46 Hz. When implementing the method at substations, part of the equipment, for example, a signal generator and a signal amplifier als, placed inside the premises substation and radiative woofer may be mounted directly at the substation and is oriented along the portals ORU. During the period of mass arrival of birds, the device is periodically turned on and low-frequency acoustic oscillations are generated in the substation space, in the direction of bird landing. The γ-radiation frequency is set in the range of 2 to 46 Hz. The specific range depends on the species of breeding bird, in particular for raven, it ranges from 2 to 16 Hz. Radiation intensity is

80-100 dB, and the duration of radiation from 3-5 to 10-15 minutes, no more. Under the action of acoustic low-frequency oscillations, birds begin to show concern and leave the territory of the substation.

When implementing this method on an overhead line, a mobile unit mounted in the vehicle can be used. Since the line segments in

0 generally linear, and low-frequency acoustic signals propagate over a large distance without significant attenuation, the generation of the repellent acoustic signals can be realized when the radiator is oriented along the line. At the same time, several pillars of the line ...,. ; Unlike acoustic signals, 0 alarm recordings, which mainly have a psychological effect on birds, low-frequency oscillations have a physiological effect on birds, based on the appearance of resonance emitted

5 vibrations with vibrations of the internal organs of birds. Therefore, getting used to them is impossible, which causes a more effective deterring effect of such signals. Birds entering the zone of action of low-frequency acoustic radiation are uncomfortable and tend to leave the area.

Electrodynamic, mechanical, as well as pneumatic installations, such as low-frequency sirens, can be used to generate acoustic low-frequency oscillations. Under substation conditions, existing compressor equipment can be used to supply low-frequency acoustic sirens with compressed air.

The technical and economic efficiency of this method lies in the fact that it is possible to effectively punch birds with acoustic signals in order to scare them away from power facilities, at a considerable distance from the radiator from bird droppings or mass accumulation of birds. It does not require large power.

The efficiency of the emitted signal is due to the relatively weak attenuation of low-frequency oscillations in the air, which ensures the safety of exposure to birds. Since low frequency acoustic

5 signals in the specified frequency range are practically inaudible, then they will not create discomfort for the operating personnel of power facilities that appear in the zone of the emitted sound. In this case, since the frequency range of the emitted sound is

Claims (1)

taking into account the mass of birds. (significantly, the invention of a smaller mass of the human body), then there is no adverse effect on the Method of preventing accidental ot man who is in the zone of radiated-off energy objects due to birds, there will be no sound. 5 Including in scaring birds Thanks to the fact that the low-frequency acoustic signals are sound and acoustic. oscillations have on the bird by the fact that, in order to increase effectively as much psychological as physical effect of acoustic signals, addictive birds, the generation of acoustic signals to these signals is impossible, -40lov are carried out in the low-frequency range. high zone, which is chosen within the range of frequencies. Efficiency of scaring birds from energy from 2 to 46 Hz. objects.