SU1718226A1 - Distributed controlling system data i/o device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computer technology, in particular to uniform 28 28 / gas 27 native concentrated control systems built on the basis of micro- or mini-computers, and may find application in the construction of high-performance distributed control and computing systems. The aim of the invention is to increase the speed of exchange based on the organization of the trunk-ring method of data exchange due to the exchange of data between several pairs of common bus subscribers simultaneously. The data exchange device of the distributed control system contains N exchange modules 1 and a control unit. The exchange module contains microcomputer 3, in which 3.1 is the input-output of the control and data bus. 3.2 - address bus output, 3.3 - first interrupt input, 3.4 - second interrupt input, reP-a-t-O-jy P I 18 1 CO with $ I "-25 x | 00 th about -2S Figure 2

Description

hist 4, address generator 5, comparison element 6, reset trigger 7, one-shot 8, fourth trunk block 9, third trunk block 10, second trunk block 11, first trunk block 12, sixth trunk block 13, fifth block 14 of trunk elements, the seventh block 15 of trunk elements, trunk element 16, the third element And 17, the first element And 18, the second element And 19, the fourth element And 20, the fifth element And 21, the second switch 2.2, the first switch 23, the second (left) entrance - o one 24 control bus and data of exchange module 1, first (right) input - output 25 of control bus and data of exchange module 1, output 26 of subscriber address of module 1 bbmen, input 27 of address of exchange module 1, 28.1-28.3 - exchange control inputs of module 1 exchange, exit 29 of the sign of the end of the exchange module 1 exchange and the corresponding connection. The control unit contains a memory block, an address counter, an AND-OR-NOT element, N trigger groups with three triggers in each, the first and second blocks of the OR elements, the AND element, the polling output, the response input, the output state, first, second and the third device sync inputs, the reset input and the corresponding connections. 4 ill., 1 tab.

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular, to homogeneous concentrated control systems built on the basis of micro- or mini-computers, and may find application in the construction of high-performance distributed control and computing systems.

A device for connecting is known. Computer and subscribers via a common bus containing a communication unit with a trunk, a memory unit, a control unit, a clock generator, a decoder.

A disadvantage of this device is the low exchange rate between subscribers.

A device for exchanging data based on a rotating bus (Pierce loop), containing registers, a multiplexer, a trigger trigger, AND elements, a buffer block, is known.

The disadvantage of this device is a large amount of equipment.

The closest in technical essence and achievable positive effect is the device containing a microcomputer, generator, counter, descrambler, element 2I-M OR, trigger, block of elements AND, -N external devices, highway, generator output connected to the counting input counter, m outputs of which are connected to the information input of the block of elements AND and the input of the decoder, N outputs of which are connected respectively to the first inputs of the element 2ITA OR, to the second inputs of this element are connected respectively to the output of the request N external x devices, an output of 2H-N

OR is connected to the trigger synchronous input, to the D input of which the potential of the logical unit is fed, the control inputs, addresses, and microcomputer data are connected to

the common bus, which is connected to the inputs-outputs of external devices, the first discharge of the common bus is connected to the control input of the block of elements I, whose output is also connected to the common bus, the second

the common bus bit is connected to the R input of the trigger, the output of which is connected to the control input of the counter and the input of the interrupt of the microcomputer.

A disadvantage of the known device is the low throughput of the common bus during data exchange. This deficiency is due to the very principle of data exchange, in which the exchange can simultaneously

only between two common bus subscribers, and the principle of centralized exchange control. Even if the external devices are independent micro or mini computers, the exchange between them can only be carried out by means of a control microcomputer, which leads to either unproductive downtime of the latter if it only controls the data exchange in the system (

the time of the exchange of the control microcomputer is idle), or to additional computational load when organizing the exchange between external devices, which reduces the performance of the microcomputer to solve the main class of problems.

The aim of the invention is to increase the speed of data exchange between the exchange modules for the organization of the trunk ring method of data exchange with the possibility of parallel exchange between exchange modules, which allows increasing the throughput rate by organizing data exchange between several pairs of subscribers, shared bus at the same time and the flexibility of the device due to the possibility of organizing detours of exchange in case of damage to the trunk line.

The essence of the invention is to increase the rate of exchange of the device by organizing the simultaneous exchange of data between several modules of the exchange of a distributed control system. The introduction of the register, address generator, reference element, counter, fifth element I. of the seventh block of trunk elements and the connections they cause is necessary for organizations to sequentially poll the exchange modules and identify those who want to transfer data to another exchange module.

The introduction of the reset trigger, the identifier of the buyer, the first element I. of the trunk element, and the connections due to them is necessary in order to reset the register and, thus, to remove the request for data exchange by the exchange module. the end of the exchange operation. The introduction of the second element And, the fifth and sixth blocks of trunk elements and the connections due to them is necessary to organize the connection of the control bus and microcomputer data to the right input-output of the control bus and the data of the exchange module.

The introduction of the fourth element I. of the third and fourth blocks of trunk elements and the connections due to them is necessary for connecting the control and data bus of the microcomputer to the left input-output of the control bus and data of the exchange module.

The introduction of the second element And, the first and second blocks of trunk elements and the connections due to them is necessary for the organization of the Transit mode for this module, i.e. connections between the right and left inputs / outputs of the control bus and the data of the exchange module. }

The introduction of the first and second switches and their associated links is necessary to obtain interrupt signals, the commencement of which initiates the processing of microcomputer interrupt routines that provide the establishment of the communication necessary for data exchange between. microcomputers of two different exchange modules.

The maintenance of a memory unit is necessary for storing and issuing information about the required state of triggers of trigger groups while providing communication between any two exchange modules.

The first and second blocks of the OR elements, the AND-OR-NOT element and the connections due to them are necessary to determine the possibility of providing data exchange between two exchange modules, where the address of the transmitting exchange module (exchange initiator) is currently at the output of the address counter, and the address of the receiving module (to whom it wants to transmit) is at the input of the response of the control module.

Three groups of triggers, three in each, and the connections they cause are necessary for storing the signals required to ensure the connection between the pairs of exchange modules. These signals, arriving at the corresponding inputs of the control of the exchange modules, ensure the installation of the corresponding modes of operation of the exchange modules of the distributed computer network. The control unit element and the communications it determines are necessary for zeroing the corresponding state triggers upon completion of the exchange between the modules.

FIG. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a data exchange device of a distributed control system; in fig. 2 - functional diagram of the 1st exchange module of the distributed control system; in fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of a control unit of a distributed control system; in fig. 4 is a timing diagram of device sync pulses.

The data exchange device of the distributed control system (Fig. 1) contains N exchange modules 1.1-1.N (Fig. 2) and the control unit 2 (Fig. 3). The exchange module contains a microcomputer 3, which includes the control bus and data bus I / O 3.1, the address bus output 3.2, the first interrupt input 3.3, the second interrupt input 3.4, the register 4, the address generator 5, the reference element 6, the reset trigger 7, the one-shot 8, the fourth 9, the third 10, the second 11, the first 12, the sixth 13, the fifth 14, the seventh 15 blocks of trunk elements, the main element 16, the third 17, the first 18, the second 19, the fourth 20 and the fifth 21 And elements, the second 22 and the first 23 switches, the second (left) input-output 24 of the control and data bus of the exchange module 1, the first (right) stroke output control bus 25 and data exchange module 1, the output unit 26, the subscriber address exchange 1, the address input 27 exchange module 1, the control inputs 28.1-28.3 exchange exchange module 1, yield 29 terminator exchange module 1 exchanges.

The control unit 2 contains a memory block 30, an address counter 31, an AND-OR-NOT 32, N element of the 33.1-33.3 N trigger groups with three triggers in each, the first block 34 of the 34.1-34.N elements OR. the second block 35 elements 35.1-35.N OR, element 36, polling output 37, response input 38, output 39 of the state, first 40, second 41 and third 42 synchronization inputs of the device, reset input 43. The microcomputer can be, for example, based on Jnt 8080 microprocessors, MS 6800, which have a bi-directional data bus (input-output 3.1), an address bus (3.2), control inputs (corresponding bits 3.1) and interrupt inputs (3.3,3.4 ), capture and readiness (corresponding to bits 3.1). Interrupt signal processing can be carried out in a computer using an interrupt block and known programs.

Register 4 is designed to store the address of the exchange module 1.1 to which the exchange module 1.J wants to transmit any data (, N;, N; jjfci). Address generator 5 generates the address of this exchange module 1.1. The address range of the exchange modules is 1 - (2t-1), i.e. a zero address exchange module is missing.

Comparison element 6 is intended to organize the sequential polling of all N. exchange modules to see if they are willing to transfer data to another exchange module. The coincidence of addresses at its inputs means that this module is allowed to output at the output 26 of the module address the address of the desired subscriber — receiver module — which only happens when this exchange module is not used as a transit for communication between the two others or receives data from the other. module This function is performed by the element AND 21.

The reset trigger 7, the first element AND 18, the one-shot 8 serves to generate a reset register signal 4 (remove the exchange request) at the end of the exchange, which is initiated by this module.

The first 12 and second 11 blocks of trunk elements are designed to provide a connection between the right 25 and left 24 inputs and outputs of the control bus and the data of the exchange module,. providing the Transit-communication mode (1-1) -th module with (1 + 1) -th through the 1st bus and data.

The third 10. fourth 9, fifth 14 and sixth 13 blocks of trunk elements are designed to connect the bus 3.1 control and microcomputer data to the left

24 and the right 25 I / O of the control bus and the data of the exchange module. The second 19, the third 17 and the fourth 20 And elements are used to control the corresponding blocks

main elements.

The first switch 23 serves to generate an interrupt signal that arrives at the interrupt input microcomputer 3 3.4 in the case that control module 2 permits this exchange module to start data exchange in response to its request.

The second switch 22 serves to generate an interrupt signal, which is fed to the first interrupt input 3.3.

5 microcomputers 3 in the case when the microcomputers of this exchange module are allowed to access the microcomputers of any other exchange module. The address counter 31 is designed for sequential polling.

0 of all N modules., It changes its state from TODO (2m-1).

The memory unit 30 is designed to store the required states of the triggers 33.1-33.N of the trigger groups, in which

5 it is necessary to translate them when organizing the exchange of data between modules of a distributed computing system. The entire space of block 3, the memory is divided into segments of volume (2m-1) -x 3N. The number of segments depends on the number of exchange modules in the system, the maximum (2m-2), where (1 + M) T (x Rounding x to a larger integer). The address width of the input to memory 30 is 2m: m

The 5 most significant bits define the segment number (there is no segment with zero number) and the m least significant numbers define the row number in the segment. The older bits come from the output of counter 31, and the younger ones from

0 exit 38 answers, i.e. from the outputs 26 addresses of the modules 1 exchange. The length of each line is 3N bits. This is due to the fact that at the input of each of the N modules 1 of the system exchange it is necessary to supply three control

5 signals. Each of the modules can be in one of the six states indicated in the table, and the code of each state is indicated in the same table.

In the first line of each segment, ie, in a line with a zero address, only zeros are written.

Consider the table. Code 001 arrives at the inputs 28.1-28.3 of the control and that exchange module 1, which wanted to transmit data to the module located to the right of it. You can get to this module by going to the left and to the left, but the data is transmitted via the shortest path. If there are two such ways. those. the modules are in the ring one opposite the other (in diameter), then when coding

one of the paths is chosen. Code 100 is fed to the input of the module that it wanted to transmit to its neighbor on the left (not necessarily the closest one). Codes 001 and 110 are fed to inputs 28.1-28.3 of the control of the data receiving modules, i.e. those who transmit data modules transmitters. The first and third bits of the code determine the direction of reception and transmission: the unit in the first discharge is the reception and transmission on the left, the unit in the third discharge is on the right. The second bit indicates what the exchange module does, if zero, then transmit data, and if one, then receive. In the case when units arrive at all three inputs 28.1-28.3 of the control, this means that this module provides communication between its nearest neighbors. - Transit mode. In fact, the right 25 and left 24 inputs / outputs of the control and data bus of the exchange module 1 are connected to each other.

If the inputs 28.1-28.3 receive three zero, it means that this module is not involved in the execution of any of these operations, it is free. Thus, to provide communication, for example, between the 1st and J-M modules (I j), the modules between them need to be free along the shortest path, including these modules themselves. Let this path be in ascending module numbers. Therefore, to establish a connection, it is necessary if the 1st transmits data to the jth, so that all modules with numbers that satisfy the condition K K, where K is the module number, were in Transit mode, the 1st module is sent code 001 (100) when transmitting to the right (left), and on the J-th - code 110 (011).

Thus, in the i-th segment of the memory block 30 in the j-th line is stored the code in which zeros are written in the first (1-1) 3 bits, in (3.1-2K (Z.M) - and ( 3. - 001 or 100 (depending on the numbering of the modules in the ring), from (3.1 + 1) -th to (3.j-3) -ro - units, in (3.J-2) -, (3. J-1) -, (3.j) -M - 110 or (011), all others have zeros, all this is true under the previously accepted assumptions.

N trigger groups 33.1-33.N are necessary for direct control of the exchange modules 1.1-1.N, since the outputs of the triggers are directly connected to the inputs 28 of the control of the exchange modules. Control is accomplished by installing the appropriate triggers in one-to-one state. Each of the N trigger groups corresponds to a specific exchange module 1, i.e. the first three triggers 33.1-33.3 temporarily store the control signals of the first exchange module 1.1, the second

three trigger 33.4-33.6-second module 1.2 exchange, etc.

The first 34, second 35 blocks of the OR elements and the AND-OR-HE 32 element are necessary 5 to determine the possibility of performing the requested switching, i.e. Is it possible under this state of exchange modules of a distributed control system to realize the exchange requested by the module?

10 exchange, whose address is currently at the exit 37 of the survey.

Element AND 36 of control block 2 is necessary to set to zero all state triggers that are used to control the exchange modules when implementing the exchange initiated by the module whose address is located at the output of the counter.

The device works as follows.

In the initial state, the reset triggers 7 of all exchange modules 1.1-1 .N are in the zero state, in registers 4 of all N exchange modules are also written zeros, all

5, the triggers 33.1-33.N in the control unit 2 are also in the zero state (the initial state setting circuits are not shown).

On the falling edge of clock pulses,

0 arriving at the first synchronization input 40 of the device (Fig. 4), the address counter 31 changes the state from 0 to (2m-1), interrogating all exchange modules in turn, since the output of the address counter 31

5 is actually connected to the inputs of the elements.

6 Comparison of all modules 1 exchange. In that Module 1 of the exchange in which the combinations coming from the output of the counter 31 match

. the address and the output of the generator 5 of the address of this module, the unit 21 appears at the output of the element 21, since the inverse input of this element receives zero, all the triggers 33.1-33.N are zero. The unit from the output of the element 21 is fed to the control inputs 5 of the seventh block 15 of trunk elements and the trunk element 16, thereby connecting the output of register 4 of this module

-1 exchange to input 38 of the response of control block 2, m bits of register 4 become

0 by the lower bits of the address arriving at the input of the memory block 30, the higher bits of the address by this time have already arrived from the output of the counter of address 31.

Thus, the circulation occurs

5, a segment of the memory block 30, the number of which corresponds to the number of the exchange module 1 currently polled, in the segment, access occurs to a line whose number is recorded in register 4 of the exchange module 1 being interrogated. But only zeros are written in this register, therefore, the first (namely, zero) polling takes place, since the numbering of lines starts from the 0th to (2m-1) -th lines of the segment in which only zeros are written. The module does not want to transmit data, therefore / there is no need to change the state of any modules 1 of the system exchange. All of them are still free, i.e. their inputs 28.1-28.3 exchange control received only zeros.

This continues until one of the exchange modules 1 wants to transfer data to another. In this case, in the module-transmitter 1.1, the exchange of the microcomputer 3 exposes the addresses of the module-receiver to the bus 3.2. According to the control signal from I / O 3.1 of the control bus and data, this address is written to the register 4 of this exchange module 1.1, i.e. The microcomputer performs the usual operation of writing the address (data) to an external register with respect to it.

Next, the microcomputer can continue to work on a given program. During the next interrogation of this module 1.1 exchange, the output of the subscriber’s address 26 of this module no longer receives zeros, but a specific address that differs from zero. At this address from the segment with the number I from the memory block 30, the line with the number J is read, where J is the module number of the recipient 1.J of the exchange. This line records information about which of the modules 1. To the network exchange must go into the Transit mode to provide communication over the control bus and data between the i-th and j-th exchange modules. In addition, control codes for these modules themselves are written, which instruct the 1st to go into the transfer mode, and the jth to the receive mode, and also indicate the directions in which (from) to transmit (receive) data. The choice of direction (right-left) depends on the mutual arrangement in the ring of these modules 1.1, 1.J of exchange - by the shortest path between them.

Next, you need to check whether the implementation of this communication is possible, whether it will interfere with the existing ones. This check is carried out as follows.

A code of length 3N bits at the output of memory block 30 is converted using the first block 34 of the OR element into a code of length N bits. This code contains information about which exchange modules should be occupied, i.e. put into transit, reception, or transfer modes to implement the required switching. The Kth bit of this code corresponds to the Kth module 1.K of the exchange (, N), i.e. if the inputs are 28.1-28.2 module

If you need to submit a code in which there is at least one unit, then this module is considered busy. Next, you need to identify the already occupied modules of the system. This is realized with

using the second block 35.1-35.N elements OR in a similar way. In the event that at least one of the same-named bits of these two codes contains units, this means that in order to provide the required

communication, you must use an already occupied module, which is impossible.

In this case, a zero signal appears at the output of the AND-OR-HE element 32, which prohibits writing to the trigger 33.1-33.3N.

The request of the exchange module 1.1 is not satisfied and further polling of the modules continues in order to find an acceptable request for this system state. Thus, since when the 1st module 1.1 exchange is requested, all the triggers 33.1-33.3N are in the initial state, the appearance of the unit at the output of the AND-OR-32 element is not possible with any request. Therefore, the request is satisfied. .

On the next clock pulse from the second synchronization input 41 of the device (Fig. 4), the code from the output of the memory block 30 is recorded in the corresponding triggers of the trigger groups. As soon as the recording to the triggers occurred, the inputs 28.1-28.3 of the exchange control of the corresponding modules 1. To the exchange, signals other than zero are received. The exchange module 1.1 receives the code 001 (100), and the T.J module receives 110 (011). on

all intermediate modules, 1. To the exchange, code 111 and all these modules are put into transit mode. Interrogation of modules that are in transit or reception mode is blocked by supplying zero to the inverse input of the element.

And 21, these modules still can not start data exchange.

The modules are transferred to the transit mode using the And 17 element. If there are three units at the exchange control inputs 28.1-28.3, then the And 17 element also shows a unit that outputs the first 12 and second 11 blocks of trunk elements from a high impedance state , thus providing a transit mode. Other

no change in these modules.

The processes occurring in the x-receiver module 1.J are more complicated. and transmitter 1.1 exchange. Suppose that on the inputs 28.1-28.3 of the exchange control of the exchange module 1.1 the code 001 is received, as the transmission is to the right (table). At the output of the element AND 19, a unit appears, outputting the blocks 13 and 14 of the main elements from the high-impedance state, thereby commuting the input-output 3J of the control bus and the data of the microcomputer 3 with the right input-output 25 of the control bus and the data module. In addition, the unit appears at the output of the first switch 23 and arrives at the second input 3.4 of the interrupts of the microcomputer

h .. ..- ..

In this case, code 110 is received at the inputs 28.1-28.3 of the exchange control of the module-receiver 1J of the exchange, reception on the left. Thus, using the element 20, the blocks 9 and 10 of the main elements are connected from the high-impedance state, connecting input-output 3.1 of the control and data bus of microcomputer 3 to the left input-output 24 of the exchange module 1.J. At the output of the second switch 22, a unit arriving at the first input 3.3 of the microcomputer 3 also appears. Thus, the inputs-outputs 3.1 of the two microcomputers are interconnected.

Next, the microcomputer of the 1st and j-ro exchange modules begins to work out the interrupt routines. The development of interrupt routines both in the microcomputer — the initiator of the exchange, and in the microcomputer — the data recipient consists in performing the following operations: stopping the execution of the work program and adopting measures that prevent information loss, establishing synchronization, or rather hardware connection between the microcomputer — the source ( the initiator) and the microcomputer - the data recipient via the common control and data bus (the bus contains control bits and data bits), and the exchange is stopped.

The first operation is typical when executing any interrupt routine. Stop on the second. The synchronization establishment operation means the execution of all necessary operations performed by the microcomputer using software necessary for transferring the microcomputer into a mode in which it is able to transmit (receive) data from another microcomputer using the available hardware and communications .

For example, a microcomputer can perform system exchange by referring to other microcomputers as peripheral devices, in order to access which it is necessary to write some address other than zero into an external register (i.e. register 4), and further, if It is possible, the work program, to wait for the enable signal (the signal arriving at the second interrupt input) for data transfer. The microcomputer - the receiver, having received the signal at the first input of the interrupt, stops the execution of the main program, becoming a peripheral device ready to receive data transmitted by the processor. Signals confirming the readiness of the receiving and transmitting computers. and other signals required for such an operation, and enter the control bus. Data is now transmitted over a common data bus for two microcomputers.

At the end of the data exchange, the micro10 computer — the initiator of the exchange over the bus arriving at the S input of the reset trigger 7, delivers a single impulse that translates this trigger into a single state. During the next interrogation of this module 1.1 exchange on the output 29 of the sign of the end of the exchange is not zero, but a single potential, which, arriving at the input 43 of the reset, opens the control module element 36. Now the next impulse from the third input 42 syn 0 of the device synchronization, the passage through the open element I 36, goes to the first R-inputs of all the triggers 33.1-33.N. But only those of them are set to the zero (initial) state, on the second R-inputs

5 of which unit potentials are also fed, unit potentials at a given moment of time to the R-inputs of those triggers that participated in the establishment of this connection of the 1st and j-ro modules, i.e. at the entrances

0 of those triggers that are translated into one state by the request of the 1st module. Since at this point in time, the output of the counter is the address of the module 1, i, and the output 38 of the response is the address of the module 1.J, then

5, the output of memory block 30 is the combination that is recorded in the trigger groups. Now, with the arrival of the next pulse from the synchronization output 42, it is destroyed. All are returned to the initial state.

0 involved groups of triggers, but only those of them that are involved to ensure the exchange between the i-th and j-th exchange modules. Triggers providing other exchanges retain their one state.

Thus, the inputs 28.1-28.3 control the exchange of all modules 1 exchange,

- those who participated in this data transfer operation received zeros - the modules are free and again take part in the survey. In the exchange module 1.1, the unit, which appeared on the output of the element And 18, transfers the reset trigger 7 to the initial zero state. A single-vibrator 8 produces a single impulse by a single potential difference that forms at its input, which closes register 4, thereby removing the request to transmit this exchange module 1.1. The reset of the trigger 7 reset and register 4 occurs before the arrival of the next

pulse to the first input 40 synchronization device.

In addition, with the arrival at the inputs 28.1-28.3 of the exchange control of the 1st and j-ro modules 1 of the zero exchange, single signals are respectively taken from the second 3.4 and first 3.3 inputs of the module data interrupts, thereby giving the latter that they can return to the interrupted programs - data exchange is completed. All blocks 9-14 of the trunk elements of the exchange module 1 participating in this data transfer are transferred to a high impedance state. Next, the device works similarly to the specified.

The technical and economic advantage of the proposed device in comparison with the known one is to increase the exchange rate when exchanging data between system modules. The implementation of the trunk-ring principle of exchange allows for the simultaneous exchange of data between more than one pair of system modules with a total number of modules more than three and exchange data along a detour route when the trunk is damaged in one place. In the event of damage to the trunk, the exchange in more than one place is broken down into several smaller, independent systems, within which data can be exchanged, to realize this. only the replacement of the information of memory block 30 with the system corresponding to this state.

For example, a distributed control system consisting of N microcomputers must, in order to accomplish the task, perform one exchange between each pair of microcomputers. This requires N (N-1) data exchanges. Let, then the number of exchanges is 30, the total time spent on the exchange is 30t, where t is the average time of one exchange. When implementing the trunk-ring principle of exchange, if possible, and three simultaneous exchanges in the network. The same 30 exchanges can be completed in a time equal to 14t. This number is derived from the following considerations. If each exchange module has to exchange only one message with each, then each exchange module must transmit five messages, capturing a section of the ring, the length of which depends on which module the data is being transferred (message length). Let the number of transmitted data, and hence the transmission time, all messages (t) of all modules are equal. Then we can write down that each

the module must transmit five messages with a length of 4.3.3,2,2: the one farthest from it, two located to the right and left of it through one exchange module and the two nearest neighbors.

At least two exchanges can be carried out simultaneously in the device under favorable circumstances. For example, if the first module exchanges with the fourth (via the second, third), then the fifth one can exchange with the sixth one at the same time. Thus, in time t, two data exchanges can be performed. In the case of the exchange of the first with the second, third with

Fourth, fifth, and sixth, three exchanges are performed simultaneously during time t. The shortest possible exchange time in the trunk-ring structure is significantly less than the exchange time for similar messages in the structure with a common bus (8 and 12 at, 18 and 30 at). This is the maximum gain that can be obtained. Statistical studies show that, on average, for one elementary cycle

device operation can be satisfied two requests.

With optimal placement of the task in the system, in which large volumes are transmitted over small distances (at best, between the nearest neighbors), and only short messages are transmitted over large ones, or in the case of block-by-block solution of the problem, when each block of the task is solved within several neighboring microcomputers, and between the blocks only the exchange of short results is performed, the gain in exchange time (exchange rate) is more significant. Moreover, the greater the N, the greater the likelihood and quantity

at the same time existing exchanges, but with appropriate placement of tasks, which leads to an increase in the overall speed of data exchange in the device.

45

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for exchanging data of a distributed control system containing a troupe of N (where N is the number of external devices) of the exchange modules and a control unit containing an address counter and an AND-OR-NOT element. The first synchronization input of the device is connected to the counting input of the address counter, characterized in that that, in order to increase the speed of data exchange between exchange modules by organizing the trunk-ring method of data exchange with the possibility of parallel exchange between exchange modules, a memory block, N trigger groups, three triggers each, are entered into the control unit and the second group of N elements OR, the element AND, the output of which is connected to the first reset inputs of all the triggers of all groups, the outputs of the triggers of each group are connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs of the exchange control, respectively exchange module and with the first, second and third inputs of the corresponding element OR of the first group, the output of which is connected to the first input of the corresponding element AND of the AND-OR-NOT element, the output of which is connected to the first 1-way: trigger groups, the second synchronization input of the device is connected with the synchronization inputs of the group triggers, the third synchronization input of the device is connected to the first input of the element I, the second input of which is connected to the outputs of the sign of the end of the exchange of all exchange modules, the information outputs of the address counter Sa is connected to the inputs: the high-order bits of the address of the memory block and the inputs of the address of the respondent. Module 0 five 0 each exchange module, the lower-order bits of the address of the memory block are connected to the outputs of the subscriber's address of the exchange modules, the information outputs of the memory block are combined into N groups of three outputs each, the outputs of each of the groups of information outputs of the memory block are connected respectively to the first, second and the third inputs of the corresponding element OR of the second group and the second J-waters of the corresponding trigger of the corresponding group of triggers, the output of each element OR of the second group is connected to the second input of the corresponding element AND el ment AND-OR-NOT, the first (right) inputs-outputs of the control and the data of the 1st (where ... N) exchange module are connected respectively to the second (left) inputs-outputs of the control and data (i + 1) -ro of the module exchange, and the first inputs are the outputs of the control and data N-ro. exchange module connected to the second inputs-outputs of the control and data of the first exchange module. Ik M AND AND Ј1 AND XL P