SU1714114A1 - Percussion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry and is used to destroy various rocks. The goal is to increase the efficiency and reliability of work by eliminating the "oblique" impact. The proposed machine comprises a housing 1. in which a striking member (PP) 2 and an operating element (RE) 3 are installed to interact with the end surface of the PP 2. The hinge insert made in the form of a body of rotation is placed between the ends of the PP 2 and RE 3. curvilinear generatrix and having a flat working surface 5. The insert is installed with the possibility of rotation in the end part either in UO 2 or in RE 3 and facing a flat working surface or in UO 2. or RE 3. The insert is made of a material whose elastic model more control module away material Y 2 O 3 or RE between the insert and the RO SE 2 or 3 may be placed an elastic-plastic intermediate zlementy. When compressed air is supplied, the UO 2 moves to the ER 3 and strikes it with its end surface 4. At this moment, the hinge insert is self-aligning along the curved mating surface and provides a central transmission of impact, i.e. eliminates "oblique" blow. 4 hp ff. 6 illus xIJ ^ ". Jk ^ > &

Description

The invention relates to mining machinery and, in particular, to impact machines used in mining, construction, engineering and other sectors of the national economy for the destruction of various rocks, boreholes, dimensional processing of materials and structures.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of operation by eliminating oblique impact.

Figure 1 shows a percussion machine, for example, pneumatic, longitudinal section; figure 2 - impact organ (enlarged) of figure 1, a partial view; Fig. 3 shows the node I in Fig. 1 (enlarged) with an insert and a percussion member having spherical mating surfaces; figure 4 is the same, with elastoplastic intermediate element between the insert and the impactor; , FIG. 5 is a variation of a percussion machine with an intermediate element perceiving a blow; Fig. 6 shows a variation of the percussion machine with an insert placed in the element receiving the impact. .

Percussion machine: Action has body 1, in which shock organ 2 is placed with the possibility of reciprocating motion. Depending on the type of machine, impact organ 2 may be a shock piston in percussion pneumatic machines or a firing pin in a compression-vacuum or electromagnetic machine shock action (Fig.5). In this case, the percussion body may be an element that directly transmits the impact, or an intermediate element. Thus, the term impactor is common to all types of impact machines - hammers, breakers, perforators, pneumatic and hydraulic punches for the formation of wells, etc.

in case 1 there is a working element 3, which receives the impact. In the general case, this element is that part of the machine, on which a shock organ strikes. This may be part of the housing 1 (for example, in pneumopunches).

The impactor 2 interacts with the end surface 4 of the element 3, which receives the impact with its end surface 5. The impact action machine has an exhaust port 6, an air distribution device 7 and a feed channel 8 for the movement of the impact member 2 under the action of compressed air.

The end face 5 of the impactor 2 is formed by a hinged insert 9 installed in the seat of the impactor 2 and having a curvilinear surface 10 of the coupling with it. Box 9 may be reinforced in impact organ 2, for example,

rolling.

Fig. 3 shows a variant of the design in which the impactor 2 of the hinge insert 9 has spherical mating surfaces, which provides

0 manufacturability and the ability to rotate the insert 9 in any plane. The box insert 9 with this design can be made of a standard ball with a ground flat cut forming

5 end surface 5.

Preferably, although not necessarily, the hinge insert 9 is made of a material with a higher modulus of elasticity than impact member 2. For example,

0 using standard hardened balls, impact body 2 can be made without heat treatment from low carbon steel, which greatly simplifies manufacture. Rolling place

5 may be heat treated to increase strength.

As shown in figure 4, between the impact body 2 and the insert 9, an intermediate element 11 is placed from the elastoplastic

0 material, such as rubber, synthetic rubber, plastic, air-oil layer, etc.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, there is an intermediate element 12 that receives a shock, which is in relation to the element 3 that receives a shock, a percussion organ. In this case, the insert 9 is installed in the impact organ 2, and in the intermediate element 12.

0 As shown in FIG. 6, the insert 9 can form the face 5 of the element 3 that receives the impact. However, such an implementation is possible only in very washing machines with large transverse

5 with a cross section of the element that receives the impact, for example, in the cases of pneumatic punches.

The proposed machine works as follows.

0 When compressed air is fed into the air distribution device 7, the impactor 2 moves to the element 3, which receives the impact, and strikes it with its end face. In this case, if the element 3 occupies a non-axial position relative to the impactor 2 (figure 2), which most often takes place in practice, the insert 9 at the moment of impact self-aligns along the curved mating surface and provides a central transfer of impact.

The strike is transmitted on flat contact surfaces 4.5, which ensures high impact efficiency. The compressed air then enters the feed channel 8 under the impactor 2 and returns it to its original position for the next blow. When the impact organ 2 is made of a material with a lower elastic modulus than that of the insert 9. The rebound of the impact organ 2 decreases significantly, and it seems to stick to element 3 due to the different Elastic strain rates of the insert and the shock organ.

The variant of FIG. 4 works in the same way, but the presence of an elastic intermediate element 11 enhances the effect of sticking, stretching the shock pulse.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the impactor 2 strikes the impact on the intermediate element 12, which receives the impact, while the insert 9 compensates for their misalignment and provides a flat impact. Further, intermediate element 12 strikes with its similar insert 9 on element 3. perceiving the blow, i.e. acts in relation to it as a shock body. In this case, insert 9 plays the same role.

As shown in Fig. 6, the insert 9 is located in the element 3, which receives the impact, and plays the same role as in the described variants.

Obviously, the mating surfaces of the insert and the impactor quickly bind to each other during operation due to the high specific loads on the mating surfaces, ensuring perfect contact during the transfer of impact.

Claims (5)

1. A percussion machine, comprising a housing, a percussion member placed therein with the possibility of reciprocating movement and an operating member installed in the housing for interacting with the end surface of the percussion member, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of operation by eliminating an oblique impact, the machine is provided with a hinge insert placed between the end surfaces of the impactor and the working element facing each other, while the hinge insert is designed as a body rotated and with a curvilinear generatrix and has a flat working surface for absorbing shock loads. 2. The machine according to claim 1, wherein the hinge insert is installed in the end part of the firing pin and is turned with a flat working surface towards the work element. 3. The machine according to claim 1, wherein the hinge insert is installed in the end part of the working element and facing a flat working surface in the direction of the impactor, which at the same time has a flat end surface. 4. A machine according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the hinge insert is made of a material, the elastic modulus of which is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the shock body or the working element. 5. The machine according to claims 1-4, of which there is an elastic-plastic intermediate element between the hinge insert and the percussion body. five FIG. 2 Fi.Z g Faye. four five 50 55 fzg.5 Fi.e