SU1704668A1 - Root undercutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to forestry, in particular to machines for growing seedlings in forest nurseries. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of pruning roots. Root trimmer contains frame 1, support wheels 2 located above knives 5, cutting plowshare 4 and spring-loaded rollers 6. Knives 5 are made triangular and cantilever mounted on the rear edge of the plowshare. When moving, the knives 5 in the zone of interaction with spring-loaded rollers b cut the soil layer with the rhizomes of plants into separate strips. 1 epf-ly, 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to forestry, in particular to machines for growing seedlings in forest nurseries.

The pruning of the roots of growing seedlings is a promising technological technique that allows growing plants with a developed root system in a limited volume of soil. Due to this, the survival rate of the seedlings during transplantation increases and the growth of forest cultures is accelerated.

The closest in design and type of working bodies to the proposed is the root cutter KH-1,2.

Root trimmer KN-1,2 is installed on the self-propelled chassis T-16M and includes a frame, a three-point hitch, working bodies in the form of cutting plowshares and vertical knives. The frame is a U-shaped welded structure. Support brackets are installed on its sides to adjust the depth of trimming. The three-point linkage is mounted on the front beam of the self-propelled chassis.

The plowing blade cuts the soil layer and the vertical roots of the seedlings from below along the entire width of the seed belt; vertical knives, mounted in front of the plowing blade, cut the side (horizontal) roots. This also cuts the soil layer into strips, the number of which corresponds to the number of sowing lines in the belt,

The disadvantages of the prototype are: poor burial capacity, clogging of the working bodies with soil and weeds, poor quality of cutting horizontal roots.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of pruning roots.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed root cutter, which includes the frame, support wheels, cutting blade with racks and vertical knives, is equipped with spring-loaded

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The rollers are rollers, and the vertical knives are made triangular and cantilever mounted on the back edge of the plowshare, a roller is installed under each knife, the cutting edges of the vertical knives are angled to the plane of the plowshare, and the axis of the support wheels and the rear edge of the plowshare are in the same vertical plane.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed root trimmer is characterized in that the vertical knives have a triangular shape and are mounted console on the rear edge of the plowshare. The root trimmer is equipped with spring-loaded rollers located above the triangular knives, and the axis of the support wheels is placed in a vertical water plane with a trailing edge of the scrapping frame; the angle of inclination of the blades of the triangular knives to the plane of the plowshare corresponds to the coefficient of friction of the metal against the roots of the seedlings, and their height does not exceed the thickness of the layer in the place of interaction with the spring-loaded rollers.

Analysis of the known technical solutions shows that using for cutting the soil layer and horizontal roots of plants cutting plowshares and vertical knives of triangular shape with cantilever placement behind the plowshares working in conjunction with spring-loaded rollers allows the root trimming process to be performed at a higher quality than the prototype - root trimmer KN-1,2.

With the passage of the scrapping blade, only the lower layers of the soil layer are deformed, the small roots are cut off and the large vertical roots of the plants are cut off. Placing the triangular knives behind the plowshare, cantilever and at an angle to its plane when interacting with spring-loaded rollers located above the blades, allows horizontal roots to be cut with higher quality, the cutting process is performed with sliding and the cut is smooth without crushing the endings, which eliminates root rot and death of plants. The top layer of the soil layer is practically not deformed, thereby reducing the shock state of the seedlings after root pruning. The best penetration into the soil and a steady depth course of the proposed weapon is achieved due to the additional pressure of the spring loaded rollers on the triangular knives, as well as placing the support wheels in the same plane with the rear edge of the scralling shares. Vertical

triangular-shaped knives with cantilever placement on the back edge of the plowshare and at an angle to its plane allow you to eliminate blockage of the working bodies.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed root trimmer, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view.

Root trimmer contains frame 1, support wheels 2, pillars 3, plowshare 4.

0 triangular knives 5 with the angle of inclination of their blades to the plane of the plowshare 4 to 35 °. spring loaded rollers 6, stop 7, axle 8, two shoulders levers 9, springs 10. The triangular knives 5 are attached to the rear edge of the undercut blade 5 and 4 in console and are held in the middle between the rows. The rollers 6 are articulated to the frame 1 by means of the double-arm levers 9 mounted on a common axis 8. In the off position, the two shoulders 9

0 under the action of the springs 10 are pressed against the stop 7.

Root trimmer works as follows.

After entering the inter-di tractor driver

5 .Approaches the implement to the surface by placing the hydraulic system in a floating position. When the machine is moving due to the mass and rear angle of the cutting plow blade 4, the implement is sunk into the ground before the support wheels 2 come into contact with the ground. The plowshare 4 cuts the soil layer and the vertical roots of the plants across the entire width of the seed belt. Move along with plowshare 4,

5 triangular knives 5. in height not exceeding the thickness of the reservoir in the zone of their interaction with spring-loaded rollers 6. cut the soil layer into strips, the number of which corresponds to the number of povsevnyh rows in the seed belt. In addition, horizontal roots are cut with triangular knives 5. The offset of the triangular knives 5 back relative to the cutting edge of the plowshare 4 prevents unnecessary

5 deformation and sgruzhivanie reservoir, thereby eliminating clogging of the working bodies. Setting the blades of the triangular knives to the plane of the plow blade at an angle corresponding to 35 °. ensures the creation of cutting roots and soil formation with sliding. The spring-loaded rollers 6, which exert additional pressure on the soil layer, prevent the deformation of the upper soil layer, contribute to the cutting of the soil layer. The strips of the cut soil layer under the action of their own weight and due to the pressure of the rollers 6, passing between the triangular knives 5, lie on the bottom of the furrow, thereby reducing the shock state of the seedlings after the root pruning. Placing the support wheels 2 in the same plane with the rear edge of the plowshare 4 ensures the stability of the root trimming and a good depth of the tool.

The use of the invention in comparison with the prototype allows to improve the quality of work by reducing the clogging of the working bodies, increasing the purity of the cut of the roots and the burial capacity of the tool, eliminating the deformation of the upper soil layer.

Claims (2)

Claims 1. Root cutter containing frame, support wheels, plowshare with stand vertical knives, so that, in order to improve the quality of root trimming, it is equipped with rollers spring-loaded with respect to rsm, and the vertical knives are made triangular and cantilever mounted on the back edge of the plowshare, with This is installed on each knife roller, and the cutting edges of the vertical knives are angled to the plane of the plowshare. 2. Root trimmer according to claim 1. About tl and h a yu and so that, in order to ensure the stability of the course in depth, the axis of the support wheels and the rear edge of the plowshares are located in the same vertical plane.