SU1690598A1 - Sunflower harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery. The purpose of the invention is to reduce losses. The header for harvesting sunflower contains stem lifts 1, the sides of which form the channels 2 for the passage of plants. In each channel 2 along it there is a screw knife 4 and above it, on the other side of the channel, an anti-blade plate 5 is fixed. The cutting elements of knife 4 and plate 5 form an angle that prevents the stems from splitting during transport in channels 2 and ensures cutting sunflower baskets with short segments of stalks regardless of the height of the harvested plants. 4 il.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to reapers.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce losses.

FIG. 1 depicts the proposed header, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 is a section BB in FIG. one.

The harvester contains stem receivers 1, the sides of which form longitudinal channels 2 for the passage of the stems, a device for gripping, moving the stems and cutting baskets, fixed under the covers 3 of the stem lifters 1 along each channel and made in the form of i BINTED knife 4 and the counter-cutting plate 5, and also working bodies for transporting cut baskets, for example, to a combine threshing machine (not shown), made in the form of belt conveyors 6, cross screw 7 and inclined conveyor 8. Screws cutting elements 4 th knife and the shearbar 5 form an angle a defined by the dependent

90 ° and 2arctgf,

where f is the coefficient of friction of the stem against the material of the cutting elements, i.e. the angle with less than or equal to 90 ° and greater than the double angle of friction of the stem against the material of the cutting elements.

Reaper works as follows.

When the harvester moves across the field, the plants are guided by the stalk lifters 1 to channels 2, where the stalks are picked up and moved along channels 2 to the rear of the lifters 1 using turns of the rotating screw knife 4. Due to the longitudinal inclination of the channels 2 and the difference between the horizontal component of the axial speed of the knife 4 and the translational movement speed of the combine, the stems, moving forward in channels 2, are gently inclined forward along the movement of the combine. With

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This sunflower baskets are lowered all the way into the surface of the housings 3 and, due to the friction forces about it, restrain further advancement of the stems along channels 2, and the screw knives 4 cut them directly at the base of the baskets regardless of the initial height of the plants.

The proposed device for picking up, moving the stalks and cutting the baskets allows us to simplify the design of the header, ensure the plants are fed in channel 2 without pinching their stems between the turns of the knife 4 and the plate 5 and cutting only those baskets that have dropped on the casing 3 of the center-lifter 1 and restrain further movement stalk along channel 2. Due to this, the length of the stems supplied with the baskets to the grinder is reduced, which significantly improves the separation of seeds in the process.

 As the angle a increases to values greater than 90 °, the cutting process of the stems is disrupted, since under the action of the turns of the knife 4 they are bent to that side of channel 2 where the plate 5 is absent. Decreasing the angle a to the value 2arctgf causes pinching and cutting of sunflower stalks in the process of their

transport in channels 2 regardless of the position of the baskets above the surface of the casings 3, which leads to an increase in the length of the stems, cut together with the baskets, and, consequently, to a decrease in productivity.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 0 Reaper for harvesting sunflower, containing stem lifters, the sides of which form longitudinal channels for the passage of stems, each of which has a device for grasping, moving the stems and cutting the baskets, and an organ transporting the baskets for further processing, differing the fact that, in order to reduce losses, the device for gripping, moving the stems and cutting the baskets is made in the form of a screw knife installed along the channel and fixed above it with the opposite oh the counter-side channel pla5 Steen wherein the angle formed by the cutting elements and the blade plate is smaller than or equal to 90 ° and greater than twice the angle of friction material on stem cutting elements. 0 1 Schig4