SU1673807A1 - Method and apparatus for drying bulk thermolabile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the drying of bulk agricultural raw materials and can be used for drying fruit pits, grains, oilseeds, legumes, and other crops. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of drying and productivity. The method of drying is that all stages of drying from loading to unloading alternate in two identical designs of autonomous mines 1 and 2 of the grain dryer, drying at the first stage begins during the loading of mine 2 in the falling grain layer and after filling with the boxes 3 are continued in a dense fixed bed, step by step increasing the volume of the blown grain by connecting successively upwards rows of boxes 3 as they are filled with grain, and when filling the drying dryer 5 they switch the flow of grain and mine 1 and all operations are conducted therein in the same way as in mine 2. After stopping loading into mine 2, the grain is recirculated to even out the moisture and, at the same time, is blown, dried to 2–7% higher than the final moisture, and dried in the second stage the grain in the mines, then recirculates the grain again and finally dry the grain with the coolant in the mines, then cool it with the outside air and recirculate it for the third time until the heating temperature is equalized, after which it is batch-released from the dryer, step by step ensha number of rows of ducts 3, and upon release of each mine all steps are repeated in them. For the implementation of this method, the grain dryer has charges made single-zone, adjacent to each other with a common dividing wall 7, on which closed ends of exhaust ducts 4 are fixed on both sides, and individual diffusers and piping are connected to the shafts. Boxes 4 in the mines are located at an angle of 90 ° to the inlets, and their exhaust ports are in opposite directions. 2 sec. and 2 z. p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a drying technique for drying bulk agricultural raw materials, such as fruit bones, oilseed grains, cultivators, gooh self-rubbish and can be used by me in sepa household, at industrial enterprises m d

The aim of the invention is to increase the production of nsr and the quality of drying.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a grain dryer, pro-op-ib and a cut HI. Fig. 2 is a plan view, in phi (3 is the same cross section, in Fig. 4, a heat-drainage system and its connection to a grain dryer

Shakhtna grain / shilok yistoig from two identical design of mines 2 with inlet and outlet ducts 3 and 4 above drying hoppers 5 and drying hoppers 6 Shafts 1 and 2 are adjacent to each other with the formation of a common dividing wall between them 7 Heat carrier flows to each mine 1 or 2 along autonomous pipelines 8 into the box 3, three-font-HTo sections installed in parallel. The outlet box 4 is arranged under the UGPOM 90 ° to the inlet. All the boxes 3 f 4 fix the foam to one another in common, eg, electric welding. The plugged ends of the discharge orobs 4 are fixed to the dividing wall 7, and sediment chambers 9 with louvered windows 10 are fixed on the side of the open ends to exit the spent heat carrier. At the base of the sediment chambers 9 there are bunker 11 for impurities

From the entrance of the coolant into the inlet ducts 3 on the wall of the shafts, in each section there are gates 12, moving p guides 13 from the screw drive 14

The dryer is equipped with a fan 15, common to both shafts 1 and 2. At the suction / _In.h1, a tee сC is connected to the fan 15 with throttle bridges 17 on each nozzle 13 20 Nozzles IOrNY of v rcu vp outside air, and

Φ bL proojts, 21 or | i, jHrHoro t. tmosi gel Ngl fimer from the cockernip symlki 2x UPC b Dte get a coolant through the mines 1 and 2 of the nocnf of the fan 1 installed - the position valve 22 K mines I and 2

Say, Ipeny and (individual persons, D11f chimes 23 and between them and the mines there is a cutting rod 24 for leveling the flow of heat transfer i and the squaring ratio 12

The grain in the idi p / l-spit

Ke / o gravity fuboprochno / yom pkdklyuyu to QirKian 1 1 2 dl, the load in the bins 6 of each are release gates and well-known slide type. In bins 6} there are dividers b above

gate valves with gas-permeable walls, for example, in the form of si g or alyuzi, and are open at t-tips from both to exit the spent heat carrier For regulating the consumption of grain produced from

bins 6 there are valves that 26. connected via pipelines 27 to conveyor 28 to remove dry grain and impurities to noria 29 communicated with mines 1 and 2 cheoez pipelines 30, when recycling grain in the mine at the stages of drying and drying of impurities accumulated in the bins 11 of chambers 9, are unloaded through pipelines 31 to conveyor 28, which feeds them to places

Central accumulation and removal Zernosushilka works as follows

First, the corncobs are dried in a paired dryer SKP-6 In all

the chambers of the 2x SKP-6 dryer come in the cobs of a single Odessa hybrid — the content of self-crushing is 8% relative to the cob weight, the initial moisture content of the grain is 32%, the capacity of the chamber dryer is 180 tons / day, the chamber loading time is 2 hours, the capacity of the chamber is 45 tons (in the small - 22.5 tons of cobs). The capacity of the mines of the proposed grain dryer is 5 tons each. The capacity of the recirculation elevator is 7.5 tons per hour.

The self-crushed grain, separated during the loading of the 2x SKP-6 dryer chambers from the corn cobs, is fed to one of the free shafts of the dryer, for example, the shaft 2. At the beginning of the loading, all the feed boxes 3 are closed with the gate 12 (except the bottom row) (Fig. 3). Install the valve 22 in the position of the supply of coolant to the shaft 2, on the tee 16, the shutters 17 are closed on pipes 18 and 19 from the furnace and for outside air (when the chamber dryer operates in the steady state), after which the fan /. the start of the grain dryer n also, if necessary, intensification, the sheaves raise the temperature of the coolant by opening the valve 17 from the firebox. In the load, the grain is dried in a falling layer with braking on boxes 3 and 4. The grain inflated during this is deposited in the sediment chambers 9 and, together with the impurities, returns to the grain dryer.

As soon as the lower row of supply boxes 3 is completely covered with grain (Fig. 3), the drying of the loaded grain in a dense layer begins. As the rows of supply boxes 3 are filled up, the gate 12 is lifted with a drive 14. As the camera was loaded several cells with a single Odessa-80 hybrid in the 2x SKP-6 dryer with self-impaired grain, mine 2 was completely filled (including the drier bunker), after which the grain flow was switched to mine 1,

After the mine 2 is filled, the grain is dried to an average moisture content of W 19%, and then the grain is recirculated through pipelines 27 and 30 with noria 29, with a capacity of 7.5 tons / h, into which the grain is fed with the discharge gate turned on. During the first recirculation of grain for 2 hours, which corresponds to a threefold volume exchange (recirculation coefficient 3), the purge is continued, while achieving uniform humidity throughout the entire volume of the dryer W 19%, since in the super-dry bunker 5 at the end of the drying stage , grain moisture was above 19%. Then the grain is dried in the mine 2 to a final moisture content of 13.5% with the same parameters of the heat transfer fluid as with the drying. But since the grain in the pre-drying bin 5 has a higher moisture content, it is recycled for 1.5 hours, which corresponds to the coefficient

2.2 recycle. During pumping, the grains are purged with coolant until the moisture leveling is equal to 13.5% in the entire volume of the dryer.

At the next stage, the grain is blown.

0 in a fixed bed with outside air, with which it is cooled to the outside air temperature, then for the third time it is recirculated for 1 h (recirculation coefficient 1.5), after which

5 released from the dryer with simultaneous purging with cooling air. At this stage, as the mine is released, the rows of supply boxes 3 are gradually reduced. The Zernosushilka can work for

0 waste coolant.

The heat carrier exhausted in the 2х SKP-6 dryer from the pipeline 21 flows through the fan 15 through the pipeline 8 and the diffuser 23 into the inlet ducts 3, blows a layer of grain equal in thickness to the outlet ducts 4 and goes down to the sedimentary chambers 9. The impurities accumulated in the silos 11 and the blown grain are periodically discharged through pipes 31 to the conveyor 28 for subsequent control of the waste and their organizational collection and disposal.

During the transition from the drying stages to the cooling of the grain, the shutter 17 is closed on the pipe5 of the heat transfer pipe and is opened on the external air pipe 19. The cooled and dried grain is batch-produced on the conveyor 28, and in the course of unloading the grain the gate is lowered 12. Fully free the shaft 2 from the grain, protect and prepare for loading.

When loading mine 1 supply of cobs to the chambers of the dryer 2x SKP-6, therefore, the supply to the drying of self-crushed grain in

5, the grain dryer was stopped when the mine was filled with 1 hybrid Odessa -80 to the height at which it is possible to connect only two rows of supply ducts 3 to the fan 15. At the same time, in the emptying mine

Q 2 you can submit another hybrid.

In mine 1, the stages of drying, drying, cooling, recycling and unloading were carried out in the same sequence as in mine 2. Subsequently

e drying in the mines alternate.

The economic effect from the use in the national economy of the proposed method of drying and drying is achieved primarily due to the guaranteed preservation for seed purposes of the entire self-destruction,

formed at corn-calibrating plants.

Claims (4)

Claim 1. A method of drying loose thermolabile materials, mainly self-crushed grain, in several mines of a grain dryer, consisting in successive stages of loading materials, drying, drying, subsequent cooling and unloading, preparing a heat carrier in one heat-ventilation system, and drying is carried out to moisture, 2–7% higher than the final in a dense fixed bed, followed by repeated grain recycling, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity and the quality of drying in the distribution and removal of coolant through the inlet and outlet ducts, all stages of the drying process are carried out in each of the mines, with repeated recirculation of the material after each stage before leveling off the moisture, and the stage of drying is started first, in the falling layer, and when the lower row inlet duct is filled with grain, the drying is carried out in a dense fixed bed, successively connecting the inlet duct to the heat ventilation system from bottom to top in m Before filling the shaft with material until it fills the super-drying bunker, then the material is stopped in this shaft and the load is switched to the next one. The materials are finally dried to a final moisture content at a recycling rate of 2-3, and the discharge is carried out in steps, reducing the number of rows boxes connected to the heat-ventilation system from top to bottom. 2. A device for drying loose thermolabile materials, containing parallel-arranged shafts, each of which is provided with inlet and outlet ducts, dryers and subsurfaces. chipping bunkers with splitters over the exhaust shutters, a general heat ventilation system, the fan of which is connected to the mines by means of pipelines on the discharge line and to the firebox on the suction line, characterized by that. what. in order to increase productivity and quality of drying, the shafts adjoin one another with the formation of a common dividing wall between them, to which the closed ends of the outlet ducts are attached on both sides, the fan is connected to each shaft through pipelines through an individual diffuser and two-position valve on the suction line which is additionally installed a tee with control valves and with additional pipes of outside air and exhaust coolant 3. The device pop.2. Distinguishing so; that the rows of outlet ducts are installed between the rows of inlet ducts at an angle of 90 ° and rigidly attached to each other, and the splitters of the drying hoppers are made with gas-permeable walls. 4. The device according to PP. 2 and 3, of which there is. that from the side of the diffusers on the wall of each shaft is additionally installed in the guides of the gate with the possibility of vertical movement, connected to the drive. fi & w ten fig.b