SU1514249A3 - Apparatus for drying hybrid corn - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drying technique, in particular for drying corn maize and allows to improve the quality of drying and reduce energy consumption by repeated use of the spent heat carrier. The device comprises a receiving area, a preliminary screening section, a leaf removal section, an additional screening section, and a drying section. Plots of pre-drying treatment allow you to clear the corn cobs from the leaves, and the leaves - from the grains. The drying section f consists of several successively installed drying sections 25

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common central gas distribution corridor 26, divided by partitions into three channels 33,34,35. Each channel is communicated with pairs located on both sides of the corridor 8 and 9, combined in a row by means of pivot doors 39, and also each chamber 8 and 9 in the row in the upper part is equipped with a common channel 36 and 37 for the coolant, equipped with

The invention relates to a drying technique and can be used for drying hybrid corn.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of drying and reduce energy consumption by repeated use of the spent coolant.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the nodes of pretreatment of corn before drying; figure 2 - drying section, cross section; Fig. A-A in Fig. 2 (top view of a set of drying sections of the device for drying hybrid corn, a section along a common channel for heat carrier in the upper part of the chambers); figure 4 - section bb in figure 2; Fig.5 - drive unloading door at the bottom of the bottom.

The hybrid corn drying device contains five of the following corn processing areas: a receiving section containing a receiving bin 1 and · a swinging tray 2 located under it, a pre-sorting section including a ribbed inclined loading conveyor 3, a reversible closed tape conveyor 4 for removing leaves from the cobs corn manually and mounted on it a conveyor belt 5 for additional sorting of cobs with unreleased leaves. Cobs with unreleased leaves after the pre-screening section are fed to an inclined discharge conveyor 6 (conveyor belt). In this case, the cobs with leaves removed immediately enter the belt conveyor 7 of the drying section and then into the drying chambers 8 and 9.

After the conveyor 5, the cobs with unremoved leaves fall on the reversing unloading trolley 10

full-time hinged door 38. By manipulating by turning the doors in the "Closed" - "Open" position, the spent agent is circulated multiple times through chambers 8 and 9 in the appropriate row, and the agent is sent to dry the corn, loosen it or release it to the atmosphere. 3 hp f-ly,

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(conveyor) of the leaf removal site, then to the preliminary accumulator '11, for example, with six vents 12, each of which is connected to an additional sorting section by means of a swing conveyor 15 by means of a rocking trench 13, and conveyor belts 16 and ΐ! 7 - to the separator 18 corn seeds, after which the corn kernels are collected in container 19 and at the same time using the thrower-fan 20, 21 leaves from the corn cobs are fed into the trailer cart.

The leaf ejection removal section E is connected by an inclined unloading belt conveyor 22 to a re-, zerziveny belt conveyor 23 of an additional sorting section, which is in turn connected on one side by means of the inclined conveyor 24 to the discharge car 10 of the leaf removal section and on the other hand this plot,

The drying section contains several sequentially installed drying sections 25 with a common central gas distribution corridor 26 26, each section being designed as pairs arranged on both sides in a row 27 and 28, and each chamber 8 and 9 are provided with a bottom perforated with a ν-shaped cross section 29c angle of inclination </, equal to 28 relative to the horizontal, with discharge door 30 in its lower part.

The central and lateral distribution

corridor 26 is divided by partitions 31

and 32 for three channels 33-35, and both are 3 1514

Yes 27 and 28 chambers 8 n 9 additionally contain one common channel 36 and 37 for heat carrier passing through the upper part of chambers 8 and 9 and connected to each chamber of the corresponding row 27 and 28 by means of an exhaust window with a swing door 38.

Each of the three channels 33-35 y is communicated with all the cameras 8 and 9 of each row 27 and 28 through the swing doors 39 of the latter.

All pivot doors are equipped with pivot drives associated with a common 15 for all chambers 8 and 9 of the control unit, namely, each door is in pivotally controlled contact with pneumatic working cylinder 40, to which, for example, through 20 feeder 41 pressure 5 bar is attached to the throttle unit and check valves 42, then there is an electromagnetic solenoid valve 43, a pressure gauge 44 and a shut-off valve 45 (FIG. 5) 25 The motion valve 43 is in connection with an electric control unit 46 (for example, with a computer), which has e device 47. The cylinders 40 have magnetic pistons 30, in which end position indication marks known ΚΕΕϋ-relay (not shown).

The device works as follows. 35

The receiving area contains a hopper 1 made of steel plates, which receives incoming corn cobs and in its lower part is equipped with a swinging 40 tray 2 in order to uniformly load the cobs. The shaking tray 2 feeds the feed material onto the ribbed inclined feed belt conveyor 3, which feeds corn cobs to the pre-screening site.

Pre-sorting area biased in two directions (reversible) 5θ

modular belt conveyor 4. The latter is designed so that, depending on the degree of leaf removal, the staff can manually sort. Cucurs 55 cobs with unreleased leaves then come from one of the branches of the modular belt conveyor 4 to the inclined conveyor belt 6.

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The cobs with leaves removed (FIG.,) Are fed to the drying belt stacking conveyor 7 of the drying section and from there are delivered to the drying device. However, if corn flows with unreleased leaves must be sorted, then a variational conveyor belt 5 provided above the assembly conveyor belt may also be used for this purpose.

The conveyor belt 6 of the pre-sorting area passes on the corn cobs with unreleased leaves to the mobile reversing discharge carriage 10 of the leaf removal site, on which the cobs are evenly distributed and transferred to the preliminary hopper 11. The latter in the proposed case is provided with six vents 12 each through Depending on the circumstances, the swinging chute 13, with a uniform load, feeds the I4 machine to remove the leaves.

Knock-down machine 14 for removing cob leaves comes through an conveyor belt 15 to an additional sorting area, and cobs and a certain amount of corn kernels using conveyor belts 16 and 17 go to a corn grain separator 18.

From the corn kernels separator 18, the latter are collected in container 19 and can be used for feeding to cattle, while simultaneously throwing a fan-fan 20 loads a trailer cart with 21 leaves of corn cobs.

The purpose of the additional sorting site is that it returns the corn cobs with unremarkable leaves to the leaf removal site using hand-made personnel. In the proposed device and the conveyor belt 15 of the leaf removal site, there is an inclined belt conveyor 22 of the additional sorting section, which is in conjunction with a reversible modular belt conveyor 23.

If, for example, the belt of the assembly belt conveyor 23 goes in the direction indicated by one arrow, then its upper belt returns the cobs with unattached leaves through the inclined belt conveyor 24

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MI to the discharge carriage 10. In this case, the lower belt of the assembling 'belt conveyor 23 feeds corn cobs with removed leaves to the laying belt conveyor 7 and from there to the drying device of the drying section. ·

Drying device is located in a closed case (not shown). Yu

Detailed details of the drying device of the drying section are shown in Figures 2 and 3. The drying device is a chamber device and has air channels 33-37, the first 15 of which are located in the central corridor, and the last two are in the upper part of chambers 8 and 9 .

The perforated bottom 29 of the chambers 8 and 9 has preferably ν-lrofil and 20 in this case, the angle of inclination c1 relative to the horizontal is 28 °. Due to this, it takes place that the corn cobs stacked on both sides are located at the bottom of the drying chamber 25 in uniform layers (shown by dash-dotted lines). Further manufactured _: this way the bottom of the chamber 29 prevents the corncobs from slipping during the drying process. thirty

Each of the air channels 33 37 is connected with each of the drying chambers 8 and 9, respectively, through a tilting door (Figures 2-4). The bottom 29 of the chambers 8 and 9 is equipped with a door, in the open position of which the chambers are unloaded onto the belt conveyor located under them.

Each of the doors is in pivotally controlled contact with a pneumatic mat working cylinder 40, to which, for example, through a feeder 41 with a pressure of 5 bar, a block of throttle and non-return valve 42 is connected, then an electromagnetic running valve is $ 43, a pressure gauge 44 and a stop valve 45 (figure 5). The flow valve 43 is in conjunction with an electrical control unit 46 (for example, with a computer), which has a software device 47.

In the proposed device, pneumatic control doors, working cylinders 29 are provided with magnetic pistons, in which the indication of the end position is executed are known * Κ, ΕΕϋ-relays (not shown).

! Air ducts 33 - 37 provide two directions for corncob blowing. Accordingly, for example, air ducts 33 and 34 are made for hot air.

With the help of door control according to a specific program, it is possible to reliably achieve that after switching the air channel, the air supplying the primary air so far will now supply the secondary air. The drying air having the same condition comes in contact with the material to be dried. By designing the air channels 35 - 37 is important, ₄ that they do not break down the dryer unit, and must be collected hot air. Perhaps this remains the exact heat used as tertiary air and, finally, this tertiary air could be used to pre-heat the laid product or to loosen it.

Through the proposed arrangement of the air channels 33-37 in various drying chambers 8 and 9, different air speeds can also be provided as needed.

All doors are built into the interior of the drying chambers 8 and 9. They are provided (not shown) with seals. Each drying chamber 8 and 9 is equipped with two thermal sensors at the top and bottom (not shown), which are connected to the control unit 46. With these measuring devices, temperature changes in the drying chambers 8 and 9 can be monitored or recorded accordingly. The exhaust air can be clearly defined in a known manner by the moisture content of the grains and the current state of the drying air. Under certain circumstances, it is also possible to mount a vapor indicator into each camera.

In the drying process, we offer * the device has a large number of options for allowing airflow. If, for example, the primary air is supplied to the air channel 33, then the air that has flowed through the first drying chamber 8 in one row is collected in the air channel 34. After that, this secondary air

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It enters the air ducts 36 and 37 of the drying chamber 8 of this row of the following section. With favorable chamber parameters, the tertiary air can be used to preheat the drying chambers loaded with fresh material. In this case, the air flow passes from the air channel 37 to the air channel 35. Yu With unfavorable parameters (for example, at a relatively low temperature or relatively high vapor content), tertiary air can be released into the surrounding space.

On the contrary, if the air channel 34 is considered as primary, then the secondary air is collected in the air channel 33. In this case, the direct drying air is directed into the air channels 36 and 37. The secondary air flows from the air channel 33 from top to bottom progressively into the air channel 35, from where leaves 25 surrounding space. Tertiary air can be used for loosening and preheating, for which it is collected in air ducts 36 and 37, after which it is released into the surrounding space.

The doors, as well as the device as a whole, can be controlled by remote control from the central control unit 46 in a known manner (for example, by means of a computer of the computing device).

Using the proposed device, it is possible to regulate the production process very quickly, reliably and automatically. Various combinations can be quickly implemented, depending on the parameters of the dried corn cobs, as well as the load on the staff is reduced to a mini-45 mum.

If necessary, management can be carried out manually. However, in this case, the sequence of opening and closing the doors, as well as the duration and size of the manipulation, are chosen by the operating personnel themselves.

Claims (1)

$$ claims 1. Device for drying hybrid corn, containing receiving hopper, pre-screening section, which includes a conveyor for moving corn cobs, a leaf removal section, connected by means of a conveyor to a drying section, including a loading conveyor and several successively installed drying sections with a common central gas-distributed corridor, each section being designed as pairs of chambers located on either side of the corridor united on each side in a row, and each chamber is equipped with a perforated bottom, exhaust window with a turning two In the upper part of the chamber and the rotary discharge door in the lower part, the central gas distribution corridor is divided into coolant channels, each of which communicates with all the cameras through the latter’s swinging doors, in order to improve the quality of drying and reduce energy consumption by repeated use the spent coolant, the central gas distribution corridor is divided into three channels, and both rows of chambers additionally contain one common channel for the coolant passing through through the upper part of the chambers and the corresponding row connected to each chamber through an exhaust window, the perforated bottom of each chamber is made with a ν-shaped various cross section, and the unloading door is located in its lower part. 2. The device according to claim 1, of which is _; all the pivot doors are equipped with pivot drives associated with a common for all cameras control unit, 3. The device according to claim 1, of which is that a swinging tray is additionally installed under the receiving bunker, and the pre-sorting section is equipped with loading and unloading inclined conveyors, the first of which is connected to the swinging tray of the receiving bunker, and the second - Kchuchastku leaf removal equipped with reversible loading and unloading conveyors. 4. The device according to claims 1 and 3, about the fact that between 9 I 514249 ten An additional sorting section was installed at the leaf removal site and the drying section; it was installed in a reverse closed belt conveyor connected on one side to the loading conveyor of the drying section supplied on the other side with intermediate inclined conveyors and communicated by the latter to the loading and unloading conveyors of the leaf removal section. g / go nineteen UD ζζζζζζζΛ; Aa sixteen 1 figs Bv 25 sg: at · 25 ’ Figz 1 514249