SU1673299A1 - Self-centering chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool industry, namely to devices for securing blanks on a machine spindle. The purpose of the invention is to improve accuracy by increasing the rigidity. In case 1 there are cams 3 to which interchangeable sponges are fastened with screws 14. The cam-axial movement drive by means of a washer 6 and wedge plungers 4 acting through self-adjusting bushings 12 on the wedge surfaces of the cams 3. Ring 7 is fixed on the body 1. In the holes of the cams 3 pins 8 are placed, the ends of which contact as end 9 of the ring 7, and with the ends of the plungers. When the washer 6 is moved to the left, the plungers 4 act on the inserts 12 and, accordingly, on the cams 3, which converge to the center against the stop at the end of the workpiece. At the same time, the pins 8 are wedged between the ends of the 10 plungers 4 and the ends 9 of the ring 7. This jamming increases the rigidity of the system. The removal of the cams 3 occurs when the plungers 4 are moved to the right due to the keys that enter the grooves 13 of the plungers. 8 il.

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool industry, namely to devices for securing blanks on a machine spindle.

The purpose of the invention is to improve accuracy by increasing the rigidity.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed cartridge, a general view, the direction of the clip to the center; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section bb of FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - proposed cartridge, general view, clamping direction from the center; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. four; in fig. 6 - proposed cartridge, general view, two-way action; in fig. 7 is a sectional view of YY in FIG. 6; in fig. 8 is a section d-d in FIG. 7

Self-centering cartridge (see Fig. 1- 3) includes a housing 1. mounted on the spindle 2. In the radial grooves of the housing

there are centering cams 3, which are moved in the radial direction by driving wedge plungers 4, which have a cylindrical part placed with the possibility of translational movement in the axial direction in the housing bores, and a wedge part entering the grooves 5 in the body of the cams 3 along their symmetry axis. The wedge angle of the wedge plungers is made smaller than the self-locking angle. The wedge plungers 4 are connected by means of transverse grooves made on their cylindrical part by a washer 6, which can be connected to the axial thrust of the clamping mechanism.

The cartridge is provided with a support element in the form of a support ring 7, which is fixedly mounted and without backlash on the outer pro.

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point housing 1 and having a regular cylindrical shape. Pins 8 are placed between ring 7 and plungers 4, the ends of which 9 and 10 interact with both the ring and the plungers.

At the end of processing, the axial thrust of the clamping mechanism moves from left to right, pulling the washer b and plungers 4, which, interacting with the keys 11, retract the cams 3 in the unclamping direction from the center, freeing the product. The keys 11 are located in the transverse holes of the cams 3, in which the self-aligning inserts 12 are placed. The keys 11 enter into the grooves 13 on the plungers 4. The screws 14 are intended for fastening the adjacent jaws.

Self-centering cartridge (Fig. 1-3) works as follows.

The workpiece is placed in the area between the clamping jaws. After that, the axial thrust of the clamping mechanism with the washer 6 is moved from right to left, so that the wedge plunger 4 is synchronized in the same direction. The straight working surfaces of the wedge plungers 4 slide along the ends 10 of the pins 8, and the inclined working surfaces of the plungers 4, interact with the inserts 12, move them, and with them the cams 3 in the direction of the clamp (towards the center) until the jaws does not meet with the item being processed. The product is clamped.

The forces arising at the time of clamping the product are transmitted through the pins 8 to the support ring 7. In the same way, the support ring 7 senses the forces arising during cutting and centrifugal loads. .

The self-centering cartridge (Figs. 4 and 5) is provided with a support element in the form of a support insert 15 and pins 16. The insert 15 has the shape of a cylinder with cut-off bald pins. With its cylindrical surface, it snaps into the body of the cartridge motionlessly and without a backlash, and the surfaces of the faces 17 are in contact with the flat ends of the pins 16. The opposite flat ends of the 18 pins 16 are in contact with straight working surfaces of the wedge plungers 19.

Chuck (see Fig. 4 and 5) works as follows.

A workpiece, for example, of a pipe type, is placed on the jaws. When the axial pull of the clamping mechanism with the washer 6 is moved from right to left, the wedge plungers 19 move in the same direction, the cams 20 move in the clamping direction (from the center) until meet with the workpiece, which is clamped along the inner surface.

The force that occurs at the time of clamping the workpiece is transmitted through the pins 16

in box 15:

The self-centering cartridge (see Figs. 6-8) is made with two supporting elements — a supporting ring 21 and a supporting insert 22, between which the pins 23 and 24 are located opposite pairs. The pins 23 with flat ends 25 contact the surface of the wedge plunger, and the opposite flat ends with contact surface of the insert 22. The pins 24 are flat i

5 skimic ends 26 are in contact with another surface of the wedge plungers 27, and opposite cylindrical ends with the inner surface of the support ring 21.

The wedge plunger 27 has a cylindrical part that fits into the bores of the housing, as in the version in FIG. 1-3, and a parallelepiped part, the two opposite sides of which are in contact with the pin, and the other two have symmetrically inclined grooves 28, which are in contact with the rectangular projections of the self-aligning inserts 29. The angle of inclination of the grooves 28 is less than the self-locking angle.

0 The inserts 29 are located in the transverse holes of the cams 30.

Self-centering cartridge (Fig. 6-8) works as follows.

To work on the clamp along the outer diameter (movement of the cams towards the center), the washer 6 with the plungers 27 is moved from right to left. In this case, the inserts 29, interacting with the inclined grooves 28, move the cams 30 towards the center of the cartridge until the abutment of the inserted jaws into the workpiece. The clamping force through the pin 24 is closed on the support ring 21.

To release the washer 6, it is moved from left to right. In this case, all

5, the movements occur in opposite directions, the cams diverge, the product expands.

For work on clamping on internal diameter (movement of cams from the center)

0, the washer 6 is moved from left to right. In this case, the inserts 29, interacting with inclined grooves 28, move the cams 30 from the center to the stop into the inner surface of the workpiece. The clamping force through the pins 23 closes on the insert 22.

five

In order to unwind the product, the movements take place similarly to the movements towards the center, i.e. the washer moves from right to left and the earbuds with

the cams move to the center, releasing the product.

Claims (1)

Claims of the invention. Self-centering cartridge, in the case of which radially displaced centering cams associated with a wedge mechanism and intermediate elements are designed to interact with the cams. 7 wedge-and support element, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy by increasing rigidity, the support element is designed as a ring located on the housing coaxially with its axis, and intermediate elements are designed as pins, the ends of which are designed to interact with the ring and wedge surfaces of in the device plungers. FIG. 2 6-6 one Fig.Z NЈ Fy fl-a % g 5 FIG. 6 eleven  one 27 Aa II