SU1667649A1 - Method and device for fixation of erosion formations - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to rural and forestry, in particular to methods and devices for fixing erosional formations, and can be used in protective forestation. The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the process of fixing erosion formations and improving the reliability of anti-erosion structures. Across the channel 2 of the erosion formation, an outline 3 of stones is formed, above and below which trenches 5 are laid on slope 1, and in the lateral slopes of the erosion formation above draft 3, depressions 4 are arranged at an acute angle to the direction of the total slope of slope 1. Retrieved from trenches 5 and depressions 4, the soil is poured on the wet slope of outline 3. Sketch 3 is fixed with a device consisting of a mesh spatial structure and formed of metal rods. The angle of inclination of the rods increases from the central part of tray 6 and plate 7. The proposed method of securing erosion formations and the device for its implementation allow afforestation of the pond immediately after their construction, which speeds up the process of erosion-disturbed areas. 2 sec. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and forestry, in particular to methods and devices for fixing erosional formations, and can be used in protective afforestation.

The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the process of fixing erosion formations and improving the reliability of anti-erosion structures.

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through an erosion formation after forming a stone outline, a cross section; Fig. 2 shows the same after laying the rock-laying trenches up and down the slope and the recesses in the upper parts of the lateral slopes of the erosion formation.

over the outline; fig. 3 - the same after installing the restraint and filling the trenches with rubble; figure 4 - holding tray (in plan).

In this case, the numbers denote 1 - the slope of the plot. 2 — the course of erosion formation, 3 — a rough sketch of stones, 4 — a deepening in the upper part of the lateral slopes of the erosion formation, 5 — transverse trenches, 6 — a holding tray, 7 — a slab with a leading edge, 8 — lateral for the leading edge of the tray, 9 - horizontal metal rods, 10 - metal rods obliquely fastened in a vertical plane, 11 - lower one for the corresponding ledge of the tray.

about o VI a

Ј

YU

The device for fixing erosion formations is a mesh spatial structure. It consists of a set of horizontal metal rods 9. to which rods 10, inclined in a vertical plane, are welded. In this case, the angle of the rods 10 increases from the central part of the holding tray 6 and the plate 7. In the lower part of the tray and the plate, steps 11 are made tray - side benches 8.

The method is carried out as follows.

A stone pattern is formed across the bed of erosion, above and below which trenches are laid along the slope, and in the lateral slopes of the erosion formation above the draft, recesses are made at an acute angle to the direction of the general slope of the slope.

Soil. taken out of trenches and grooves, poured on a wet slope.

The formed dam is secured with the help of a protective device, for the balancing ledges of which are stored in trenches and depressions, and the trans-neck is crushed with rubble.

Example. The proposed method and device for fixing erosion formations were tested in 1986 with the integrated development of a ravine area for forest plantations. The ravine had a width of 24.3 ± 0.8, a depth of 6.4 ± 0.5, and a length of 242.0 m.

The width and depth of the ravine produced protective devices from reinforcing rods with a diameter of 14 mm. The distance between the horizontal rods was 150, and between the sloping - at the bottom 50 and in the upper part 200 mm.

Stone sketches were formed along the channel of the temporary water flow after 7–8 m. the height of which reached 0.6–0.8 m performed inclined recesses. Removable soil was laid in an even layer on the wet slope of the stone sketch. In trenches and sloping recesses stocked the ledges of the mounted protective device. The ledges behind the protective device were made in the trench with rubble.

Sketch stones produced excavator EO-5015A. and the digging of trenches and inclined recesses — manually. Trenching and dimpling was done manually.

After mounting the protective devices on the slope of the rock layer facing the flow, pine forests were planted in the layer of the planned bulk soil.

Crimean, in the small-leaf, Acacia white and other tree species under the sword Kolesov.

Biennial observations of experimental cultures have shown that fixing the rock layers with protective devices of the proposed construction prevents their destruction. In this case, the rigidity of the device is achieved by making steps in the lower and upper parts of the tray, contacting it and the plate with inclined ripling surfaces and giving the structure

20

space / shape.

An increase in the size of whose devices during their upward rise reduces the smoldering of runoff as the volume of the trapped entrained substances increases.

In this case, coarse fractions of entrained substances are concentrated on the surface of the bulk areas, which reduces the likelihood of their erosion. At the same time, the presence of small fractions of soil in the lower layers of the working surface of the outline increases the volume of moisture retained in each of the dams.

The proposed method and apparatus allow afforestation of afforestation.

immediately after their construction, which speeds up the process of developing areas damaged by erosion.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 1 A method of fixing erosion formations, including the formation across the bed of a rock layer dam, filling the wet slope of the outline and laying a trench on the dry slope of the outline. characterized in that, in order to speed up the process of fixing the erosion formations and increase the reliability of the erosion control structure, at the wet slope, the sketches arrange an additional transverse trench, and over the slopes are soil-bonded. taken out of the trenches and depressions, while the draft is reinforced with the help of a device, the pressing ledges of which are pressed into the trenches and depressions and sealed with rubble, and plants are planted into the bulk soil. 2 A device for fixing erosion formations, characterized in that, in order to speed up the process of fixing gullies and increase the reliability of structures, the grid is made of rods, horizontally and obliquely fastened in 7 vertical plane and forming cells, the size of which increases as the height of the stones increases, the outline is made at the bottom and on the sides of the upper parts of the frame behind the clashing ledges 2 Rig. 2 Fig.z FIG. C