SU1664127A1 - Forest reclamation method of soil protection against erosion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for protecting sloping lands from erosion. The purpose of the invention is to prevent soil washing off between clumps of trees, increase water absorption in dams, improve the purification of surface runoff from contaminants, and convert it to an underground one under favorable hydrogeological conditions. On the slope, along the hollows they create curtain water-absorbing plantings from tall trees of two convex lenses, between which creeping shrubs are planted along the watercourse. On the lower edges of the curtains, earth walls are arranged. In curtains, water conducting drains are laid down to the depth of the permeable layer and filled with active adsorbents. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of protecting soils from erosion.

The purpose of the invention is to prevent soil washing off between clumps of trees, increase water absorption in dams, improve the cleaning of the surface layer from contaminants and convert it to the underground under favorable hydrogeological conditions.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where 1 is water-conducting drains, 2 is filtering material that fills drains, 3 is trees in a curtain, 4 is a ground shaft, 5 is creeping shrubs, 6 is the direction of surface runoff lines, 7 is the direction lines of residual surface runoff, 8 - the direction of the contour lines on the slope.

The method is carried out as follows.

In watercourses running along agricultural land, as well as in hollows, ravines, and girders, the ground for laying of forest-bush curtains is outlined from the conditions of the passage of a given security flow. On arable land and cultivated slopes, curtains are placed in a checkerboard pattern. In places of the designated curtains, drains 1 are laid, for example, with the URB-2 machine to the depth of the permeable layer. The number and diameter of drains are calculated for absorbing the flow of a given security. The wells are filled with filter adsorbent 2 - plant residues, peat, zeolitic rocks to clean the contaminated layer. Crossings of the watercourse, at the place of the drilled wells, are planted, for example, by the forest planting machines SLS-1, SLN-2 and other trees 3 with a curtain in the form of a double convex lens, which ensures a smooth detour of the curtain with agricultural machinery. Clumps are planted with tall trees, for example, a poplar with a pyramidal crown shape, for additional adjustment soon.

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improving wind conditions and improving microclimate. Shaft 4 is poured over the lower edge of the curtain in the form of a half-bed so as to ensure a smooth detour. At the same time, the working height of the shaft is 1.5 times the maximum depth of the trough. The shaft is seeded with a mixture of perennial herbs.

Between the curtains, watercourses, hollows, and ravines are planted by creeping willows, suffering mechanical damage. As shrub species, for example, papolobagous magonium, steppe cherries, dyerrock, Maule chaenomeles, Albert's honeysuckle, Cossack juniper, and others are used.

Surface runoff 6 in the event of snow melting or rainfall, the stack from the slopes into hollows, gets into dams with shrubs, is cleared from coarse suspensions by forest curtain, the active adsorbent from contaminants in collecting squash and through it flows into groundwater. The residual runoff 7 through the water in the shaft enters the hollow with the shrub to the next load.

Using the method will reduce the area under the forest belts and free it under arable land, clean the surface runoff from contaminants and transfer it to the underground, reclaim adjacent agricultural land and reduce soil erosion in the hollows between the curtains.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A forest reclamation method of protecting soils from erosion, including the creation of clumpy water-absorbing plantings of tree-shrub type in the hollows, water-conducting drains and dams, in order to prevent soil from clumping off trees, increasing water absorption in dams, improving surface drainage purification in case of favorable hydrogeological conditions, drains are laid down to the depth of the permeable layer, filled with active adsorbents, while wood The curtains are created in the form of two-convex lenses between which creeping shrubs are planted along the watercourse, and earth shafts are made as dams on the lower edges of the curtains, and tall trees are used as tree species.