SU1657104A1 - Method for harvesting of grain crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used in agriculture when harvesting grain crops with drying the grain mass in the rolls and reduces the loss of grain and reduces the time and energy consumption for the selection of rolls. When laying in the roll 9, the mowed plants are oriented in the direction across the roll to concentrate the ears on one side of it. The rolls 9 of two adjacent swaths are laid together with each other with the adjacent arrangement of their ears: parts 10. After drying parts 10, they are cut from the stems of the rolls 9 by rotating cutting disks 12 mounted on the combine 11. Continuously with the cutting operation, the strip parts 10 from two adjacent rolls 9 are simultaneously picked up by the pick-up 13 of the combine 11 and guided to threshing. The straw part of the rolls 9 is picked up later after it dries or is plowed into the soil. It is possible to thresh the selected straw part for additional grain production. 1 h. n. f-ly, 3 ill. Yu Yu9 ate With

Description

{Ss-ll

 if ,.

 , „Oud

 (((

Wag

12

3s

/ J

about ate

Xi

g

Phie.1

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods for separate harvesting of grain crops with drying of the mass in rolls.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce grain losses, as well as reduce the time and energy consumption for the selection of rolls.

FIG. 1 shows a scheme for laying a beveled crop from one swath into a swath, top view of the field; in fig. 2 is a scheme for cutting the spike part and selecting a roll, top view of the field; in fig. 3 - the same, side view.

To cut and plant the crop in the swath, orienting its stems in one direction across the swath, the header 1 containing the cutting device 2 and the vertically mounted net-pneumatic conveyors 3 and 4 used to transport the cut plants are used to concentrate the ears on one side of the swath upright. Between conveyors 3 and 4 there is an outflow window 5. For placing the plant stems converging from the transporters into a roll with their orientation in one direction across the roll, the header is equipped with a reflector 6. The conveyor 3 is installed with a length of 1.2-1.3 lengths of cut plants with so that the swath formed behind the header is located next to the unmowed plants.

When the header moves 1 along the swath with retractable plants 7 (the direction of movement of the header is indicated by the arrow), the cutting unit 2 mows and steers in a vertical position to the conveyors 3 and 4. The plants entering the conveyors 3 and 4 are pressed to By this and by the movement of the conveyor belts (the directions are shown by arrows) they are brought to the outflow window 5. In the outflow window, the plants are separated from the conveyors and lowered in the upright position to the stubble 8. Then using inclined towards the vertical plane of the reflector 6, the plants are tilted to the right and lie on the stubble 8 across the head's direction of travel, arranged in stakes and in one direction and forming a roll 9.

The movement of the header is carried out in a shuttle manner. In this case, as a result of two passes of the header, two rows of rolls are formed in two swaths

9 with the adjacent placement of their head parts 10.

After the plant’s grass has dried out, it is cut off from the roll,

selection and direction of threshing.

To carry out the cutting from the roll of the ear of a plant and its selection, a combine 11 containing two cutting disks 12 and a pick-up 13 is used.

When the combine 11 moves in the direction of the rolls 9, its cutting rotating disks 12 are used to cut the ears of the 10 plants from the rolls 9 and using a pick-up 13

pick and feed the combine harvester 11. Cut about half the length of the cut plants.

If there is a significant amount of spikes in the remaining (straw) part of the roll that did not fall into the previously cut part of the ear, the straw part is raked from two rolls into a single roll for further drying, and then picked and threshed. The strawman part can

be also left on the field, followed by plowing it into the soil as a fertilizer. Since the spike part dries faster than the whole roll as a whole, its earlier harvesting, carried out according to the proposed method, reduces grain losses due to scattering it on the ground. In addition, due to the fact that the bread weight of the whole roll is not selected, but only its spike part, the load on the thresher drum is reduced.

Claims (2)

1. A method of harvesting grain crops, including cutting plants, laying them on the stubble in rolls, drying the crop in rolls, then harvesting the mass with a harvesting machine and threshing the mass, characterized in that, in order to reduce grain losses, the laying of the stems in The roll is conducted with the ears concentrating on one side of the roll; after drying, the head of the roll is cut from the stems and picked up in line with the cutting operation in a single pass of the harvesting machine. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the time and energy consumption for selection, the rolls of two adjacent swaths are stacked adjacent to each other with the adjacent arrangement of their ear pieces, the cutting and selection of which is carried out in one pass of the harvesting machine . v - / h / -V, h, l, . xx-,, - G-hL | | | | / 1 | | | | | t at / 1 ;; i i i i i i i i i i i i i Fi.Z